蛤蟆通水库浮游生物的研究

1991－1994年对蛤蟆通水库浮游生物进行了调查。浮游植物8门96种属，浮游动物86种属；浮游植物生物量平均为4．624mg/l，浮游动物生物量年平均为2．631mg/l；浮游植物生物量中以硅藻为主，占48．30％，浮游动物生物量中轮虫类最高，占67．0％；鱼类生长期（5－9月）浮游植物生物量10．992mg/l，浮游动物生物量为3．315mg/l；冰封期冰下浮游植物的种类组成、生物量等明显与越冬池冰下游浮植不同。浮游生物可提供的鱼产潜力为540．9吨。     

南洞庭湖浮游生物资源调查

2005年5月和9月2次对南洞庭湖浮游生物资源进行了调查，共采集浮游植物6门43属．其中最多的是硅藻门，17属，占39．5％；其次是绿藻门，13属，占30．2％：再次是蓝藻门，8属，占18．6％；剩余的各门种类较少。浮游动物方面，由于原生动物种粪繁多．且在分类学上不易鍪定，因此只对大型浮游动物进行了纂定．共采集大型浮游动物20属，轮虫最多，有9属：枝角类7属；桡足类4属。     

吉林省大林水库饵料资源分析及渔业建议

2008年5月至10月期间对大林水库饵料生物资源状况进行采样调查，并对水域渔业资源现状进行理论分析，确认水体营养水平，分析水体鱼产潜力。结果显示水质已经达到中度营养化水平。浮游植物共镜检出31种，隶属于6个门。其中，绿藻门15种，占总数48．4％；硅藻门7种，占总数22．6％；蓝藻门6种，占总数19A％；裸藻门1种、隐藻门1种；黄藻门1种，各占总数的3．2％。全年生物量平均为408万个／5．116mg／L。     

轮虫培育池不同粒级藻类对浮游植物生物量和生产量的贡献

研究了流水轮虫培育池(14^#)、静水轮虫培育池(15^#)和轮虫饵料培养池(11^#)中不同粒级浮游植物，特别是超微藻类对浮游植物叶绿素和初级生产力的贡献。结果表明，在14^#池中，超微藻类、微型藻类和小型藻类的叶绿素a含量分别占总叶绿素a含量的3．7％、82．9％和13．4％。各粒级浮游植物初级生产力分别占总生产力的13．6％、66．0％和20．4％。在11^#池中，超微藻类、微型藻类和小型藻类的叶绿素a含量分别占总叶绿素a含量的4．5％、16．1％和79．4％。各粒级浮游植物初级生产力分别占总生产力的9．0％、78．9％和12．1％。在15^#池超微藻类、微型藻类和小型藻类的叶绿素a含量分别占总叶绿素a含量的4．7％、22．3％和73．0％。各粒级浮游植物初级生产力分别占总生产力的12．4％、60．8％和27．8％。水体中的初级生产力主要是由微型藻类提供，占总量的60．8％～78．9％，在轮虫培育池生态系统中微型藻类是主要生产者。     

渤海近岸浮游植物种类组成及其数量变动的研究

1998年5、8和10月渤海近岸浮游植物调查结果显示,已鉴定的浮游植物有2门23属53种,其中硅藻门占绝对优势,计有19属45种,其次是甲藻门有4属8种,且浮游植物种类组成及其优势种类的季节变化比较明显。浮游植物的月平均数量为56.73×10~4 cells/m3,其中,硅藻门的平均数量为55.21×10~4 cells/m3,占浮游植物总量的97.3％,甲藻门的平均数量为1.52×10~4 cells/m3,占浮游植物总量的2.7％。渤海近岸浮游植物数量分布具有明显的季节变化,数量高峰出现在春季(5月)和秋季(10月)。与历史同期调查资料相比,渤海近岸浮游植物数量的年间变化亦较明显。     

温河水库鱼产潜力及合理开发利用途径的研究

1994年12月－1995年9月对温河水库进行了鱼产潜力调查及合理开发透明牟研究。浮游植物8门57属（种），浮游植物生物量平均为8．468mg/l，硅藻占47．3％；浮游动物36属（种），生物量平均为2．11mg/l，轮虫占71．2％；底栖动物16属（种），生物量平均为679．33g/m^2，软体动物占99．7％；水生植物13属（种），生物量平均为890g/m^2。温河水库鱼产潜为342．16kg/ha，其中浮游植物鱼产潜力为113．68kg/ha，浮游动物鱼产潜力为45．32kg/ha，底栖动物鱼产潜力为116．48kg/ha，水生植物鱼产潜力为66．68g/ha。鱼种总投放量为1596尾／公顷（79．83kg/ha）。综合开发的途径是：充分利用水域自然饵料资源和优越的生态环境，实行以养为主，增、养、捕相结合的方针，建成集繁殖、育种、商品生产为一体的渔业生产体系。     

罗源湾浮游植物群落特征研究

本文依据2009年罗源湾9个站位春、夏、秋、冬4个季度月浮游植物调查资料，结合环境参数对浮游植物的种类组成和群落结构进行多元分析，探讨浮游植物的群落结构和环境的影响因子。4个航次共鉴定浮游植物5门75属250种，其中，硅藻种类数占总种数的85％。四个航次浮游植物种类数比较显示：8月〉11月〉5月〉5月，丰度比较：8月〉5月〉11月〉3月。相关性分析表明，影响浮游植物分布的最主要环席因子为磷酸盐．     

天津北大港湿地浮游植物调查

为了解天津北大港湿地保护区浮游植物现状,于2017年春季(5月、6月)、秋季(9月、10月)分四次对保护区内浮游植物进行了调查。对该地区的种类组成、生物量和生物多样性取得了一定的了解。共采集浮游植物8门75属,其中最多的是硅藻门,共20属,所占比例也最多,为25.97%;绿藻门19属,所占百分比次之,为24.68%;蓝藻门有12属,占比为15.58%,甲藻门有9属,占比为11.69%;裸藻门有1属,占6.49%;金藻门、黄藻门种类数很少,各4属,各占5.19%;隐藻门只有1属,占1.30%。浮游植物的多样性指数区间在1.30～1.47之间,故大港湿地保护区水质总体处于中—富营养状态。     

太子河辽阳城区段浮游生物群落结构调查

于2021年1—12月对太子河辽阳城区段浮游生物群落结构进行了调查，评价了其水质状况。结果表明，调查共采集到浮游植物7门53属110种，其中硅藻门59种，绿藻门32种，蓝藻门8种，甲藻门4种，隐藻门和裸藻门各3种，金藻门1种；浮游动物4个门类25属36种，其中轮虫类23种，原生动物7种，枝角类和桡足类各3种。浮游植物密度为4.70×10⁴～2.68×10⁶ind./L，均值为5.35×10⁵ind./L。浮游动物密度为1.0～280.0 ind./L，均值为33.5 ind./L。指出，太子河辽阳城区段水体处于中污染状态。     

太子河浮游植物初步调查及鲢、鳙鱼产力评估

2010年6-10月对江西省南昌市蒋巷镇太子河养殖水域浮游植物进行调查.结果表明,太子河有浮游植物5门、74种;其中,绿藻门种类数最多(占藻类总种数的48.64％),其次是蓝藻门(29.72％)和硅藻门(14.86％).10月的浮游植物种类最多,其次为9月和8月,7月最少.浮游植物密度7月最高,为313×105个/L,其余月份浮游植物密度相差不大,变化范围为(79 ～ 101)×105个/L,蓝藻门微囊藻属是绝对优势种.浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及均匀度指数7月最低,分别为0.10、0.03,其余月份Shannon-Wiener指数范围为0.37 ～0.69,均匀度指数范围为0.10 ～0.18.综合分析浮游植物密度、多样性指数和均匀度指数,太子河水体存在富营养化.浮游植物对鲢鳙的鱼产力估算为12.675 kg/hm2.     

Estimation of variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum by survival analysis of experimental infection of salmonid fish

The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms.     

Characterization of protease inhibitors of seminal plasma of cyprinids

Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season).     

母猪胎衣不下的病因与防治要点

猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。     

虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析

本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As 矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为 0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。     

水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响

采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。     

头足类耳石微化学研究进展

耳石是位于平衡囊内起平衡作用的一对钙化组织,它是头足类的加速度感应器,记录其生命周期内的生物和生态信息。随着鱼类耳石微化学研究及应用的日趋成熟与完善,头足类耳石的相应研究也逐渐兴起。目前头足类耳石微化学的研究内容主要包括无机和有机大分子、微量元素、同位素、微化学标记等方面,其中微量元素是应用研究的重点,在头足类种群识别、生活史分析及栖息环境重建等方面发挥了重要作用。分析认为,头足类微量元素在与栖息环境尤其水温关系的研究中取得了很好的结果,被认为是测定头足类生活水温的温度计。然而,涉及种群识别、生活史分析以及与盐度和食物关系的研究还不够充分,且多集中于Sr/Ca的研究。因此,建议在今后的研究中要综合多种研究方法按时间和空间序列从日轮水平分析多种微量元素的含量与变化。     

不同品系盐生杜氏藻培养技术的研究

4种不同品系盐生杜氏藻培养结果表明：常温下,A33是最适宜培养的藻种,经4天培养,藻细胞密度可达到114×104cell／ml,细胞生长率达到0．369;其次是A23、A140、A5藻种,细胞生长率分别为0．317、0．314、0．234。控温条件下,4种品系杜氏藻细胞生长速度明显增高,是常温条件下的1．2倍。     

鱼类热忍耐温度研究进展

The paper is a review of the studies on the temperature of the thermal tolerance in fishes. It was described from four aspect: (1) The key parameters of temperature of thermal tolerance in fishes; (2) The influence factors of temperature of thermal tolerance in fishes; (3) The research methods of thermal effect of fishes; (4) The evaluation of effects of thermal pollution on fishes, especially, with the coastal power station will be‘built in China recent years, the effects of thermal discharge water on the marine fisheries resource wered iscussed.     

Histopathology of respiratory organs of certain air-breathing fishes of India

Air-breathing fishes have evolved bimodal respiratory mechanisms for exploitation of water (through gills and highly vascularized skin) as well as atmospheric air (through aerial respiratory organs, ABO). Mucous cells in these respiratory organs of variously stressed fishes exhibit periodic fluctuations in their density and staining properties. The main types of damage in the gills include congestion of blood capillaries (BLCs), periodic lifting and sloughing of respiratory epithelia of the secondary lamellae causing haemorrhage, extensive fusion of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia due to uncontrolled regeneration leading to asphyxiation, altered excretion, and death of the fish. Haemolysis has also been observed following lead exposure. The damage in the ABO of Heteropneustes fossilis includes sloughing of the epithelial cells, leading to haemorrhage causing decreased red blood corpuscles density and degeneration of the secondary gill lamellae with reduced respiratory area. Subsequent hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusion of gill lamellae increase the respiratory barrier distance. The BLCs often bulge out and protrude into the lumen, bringing blood nearer to air. The ladder-like pillar cell (PLC)-BLC components of the gill lamellae frequently collapse. Damage to the ABO of Channa striata is less severe. Often haemorrhaging due to bursting of extensively stretched BLCs causes aerial respiratory failure. Chloride cells of the ABOs also show hyperplasia. While the highly mucogenic epidermis of C. striata shows less damage, the epidermis of Clarias batrachus and H. fossilis shows severe wear and tear, sloughing, and haemorrhage. Side-by-side regeneration continues, causing altered histomorphology of the epidermis. The different gland cells also show periodic fluctuations in their density and staining. The dermis also shows severe damage with loosening of their connective tissue fibres. These fibres give stronger reactions for sulfated mucin that not only retain additional water molecules for continuance of skin breathing, but also bind the toxic ambient pollutants.     

牙鲆刺激隐核虫病的防治

2005年七、八月份,乐亭、滦南一带多家工厂化牙鲆养殖场发生刺激隐核虫病,此种病虫害发病急、传染快、死亡率高。发生过该病的养殖场牙鲆死亡率一般都在50％～80％之间,这种病害给牙鲆养殖业带来很大损失。