笋壳鱼的人工催产试验

选择网箱养殖的笋壳鱼 ,经长途运输、暂养后催产。要求水温 2 8 2～ 2 9℃ ,催产剂为HCG和LRH-A2 +DOM合剂 ,单独使用HCG剂量 90 0～ 10 0 0IU/kg ,效应时间 5 0～ 5 4h ;使用LRH -A2 +DOM合剂剂量4 0～ 5 0 μg +10～ 15mg/kg ,效应时间 4 8～ 5 2h。催产 14组亲鱼 ,催产成功率 85 7% ,平均受精率 95 % ,孵化率90 % ,出水花 2 9 7万尾。     

裸体异鳔鳅(鱼它)人工繁殖与胚胎发育研究

为了解裸体异鳔鳅(鱼它)(Xenophysogobio nudicorpa)人工繁殖和胚胎发育规律，以从金沙江采集到的10尾雌鱼(平均体长17.5 cm,体质量22.3 g)、8尾雄鱼(平均体长15.6 cm,体质量17.5 g)作为亲本，分3批次开展了人工繁殖试验，并观察在水温(20.0±0.5)℃下该鱼的胚胎发育情况。试验结果显示：在水温(15.0±0.5)、(18.0±0.5)、(20.0±0.5)℃的条件下催产，催产剂(雌鱼第1针注射LHRH-A₃ 2μg/kg,第2针注射LHRH-A₃ 10μg/kg+HCG 1 200 IU/kg+PG 8 mg/kg,间距12 h;雄鱼不注射)的效应时间分别为21、15、14 h,受精率分别为8.5%、76.8%、74.5%。将受精卵在水温(15.0±0.5)℃条件下孵化288 h,大部分仔鱼未能正常出膜；当水温升至(18.0±0.5)℃,大部分仔鱼在孵化168 h后破膜而出，但仍有小部分无法正常出膜；当水温升至(20.0±0.5)℃时，仔鱼正常出膜，且出膜时间缩短至120 h。裸体异鳔鳅(鱼它...     

六须鲶苗种繁育技术研究

为探索六须鲶苗种繁育关键技术,采用混合使用DOM、LHRH-A2和HCG的方法,对在池塘驯养了2～4年的六须鲶亲鱼进行人工催产试验。试验结果:催产的11批45组亲鱼中,顺产39组,催产率达86.7%;收集鱼卵310.6万粒,获得受精卵244.6万粒,平均受精率78.8%;孵出全长0.6～0.8cm鱼苗177.9万尾,平均孵化率达72.7%;投喂丰年虫、水蚤、水蚯蚓、鱼肉等饵料,经17～25 d,培育出2.5～10.0 cm的鱼种114.3万尾,平均培育成活率64.2%。试验中还获得了具不同时期变态特征的胚胎发育图谱。试验结果表明,采用2mg·kg～1DOM+10μg·kg～1LHRH-A2+1000 IU·kg～1HCG对六须鲶成熟亲鱼进行人工催产,在水温23～26℃,微流水+充氧的条件下,可以成功孵化出六须鲶鱼苗;以浮游动物作开口饵料,按1000～1500尾·m-2的密度培育鱼苗,培育效果最好。     

湘华鲮引种驯养及繁育技术研究

2007～2009年，从沅江、资江采用三种不同捕捞方法，共获得野生湘华鲮Sinilabeo decorus tungting (Nichols) 252尾，分别在三种不同水域中进行驯养，结果成活率为，池塘驯养27%，水泥池水流驯养78.8%，江河网箱驯养77.5%，三种不同捕捞方法驯养成活率分别是，电捕93.8%，刺网捕60.8%，电打+鹭鸶捕42.6%。人工繁殖所获亲鱼，在18批次催产中有16批次为野生亲本，2批次为人工驯养亲本。18批次共催产亲鱼37尾，有19尾产卵，催产率为51.4%，其中人工驯养鱼催产5尾，产4尾，催产率为80%，催产共计产卵35.6万粒，受精率在51%～88%，孵化出苗17.68万尾。在四种催产药物中，通过多种组合试验，结果为（LRH-A2 (5 μg/kg)+HCG (1000 IU/kg)+PG (1.5个/kg)）、（LRH-A2 (5 μg/kg)+HCG (1000 IU/kg)）和（LRH-A2 (6 μg/kg)+HCG (800 IU/kg) + DOM (3 μg/kg)）3种药物组合效果较好。苗种培育，经三种不同培育模式试验，其水泥池成活率为25.8%，江河网箱68.4%，土池21.7%；起水均重为，池塘7.8g/尾，江河网箱5.1g/尾，水泥池6.0g/尾，各池湘华鲮苗种起水总重量，水泥池1550g，江河网箱3500g，池塘1700g。     

不同催产剂型对人工培育巴马拟缨鱼性腺及性激素水平的影响

为探究不同催产剂催产人工养殖巴马拟缨鱼性激素水平变化,设置4个剂量处理组,分别为：A组(LHRH-A₃15μg+HCG 3000 IU+DOM 15 mg)/kg、B组(LHRH-A₃9μg+HCG 2000 IU+DOM 10 mg)/kg、C组(LHRH-A₃3μg+HCG 1000 IU+DOM5 mg)/kg和D组(鱼用高效鱼用催产剂800活性单位+HCG 2500 IU)/kg;雄鱼剂量为雌鱼的1/2。催产前所采集雌雄鱼样本作为对照组M。结果表明,A组催产剂的剂型及配比,有助于提高人工养殖巴马拟缨鱼雌二醇、雌三醇水平,进而促进人工培育条件下的卵巢发育;B组催产剂利于巴马拟缨鱼雌酮水平;人工养殖巴马拟缨鱼亲本,对D组催产剂敏感性较低,D组催产剂不利于提高亲鱼雌激素水平,其中B组和C组更利于促进人工培育条件下的卵巢发育成熟。各组催产剂的剂型及配比,均促进了人工培育的巴马拟缨鱼雄性亲本精巢发育,其中A组的剂型为最佳剂型。指出,雌性亲本尚未完全成熟,影响巴马拟缨鱼产卵排精刺激的重要因素,还有待进一步研究。     

细鳞裂腹鱼人工繁殖研究

2005～2006年,分别用4种不同的催产剂组合对经人工驯养的180余尾性成熟的野生细鳞裂腹鱼(Schizo-thoraxchongi)进行了人工催产,共获得受精卵50余万粒,孵化出仔鱼9万余尾。催产效果较好的催产剂组合为:鲤鱼脑垂体(PG)与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)联合二次注射,第一次注射剂量为(5 mg+600 IU)/kg鱼体重,第二次注射剂量为(12 mg+1000 IU)/kg鱼体重,在水温13～18℃效应时间为85～98 h。     

投喂激素催产光唇鱼试验

针对目前光唇鱼人工繁殖操作繁琐、亲鱼死亡率高、繁殖率较低的问题,研制了一种激素口服颗粒。将LHRH-A2、HCG和DOM溶解于生理盐水中,吸附于浮性颗粒饵料内,表面涂覆一层添加维生素E的鸭油制成催熟剂和催产剂。用投喂的方式对光唇鱼进行催熟和催产,平均每尾雌鱼产卵677粒、出苗372尾,平均受精率71.19%、孵化率77.25%。光唇鱼口服催熟剂最佳剂量为(LHRH-A_2)7.5μg/kg体重·次,口服催产剂最佳剂量为(LHRH-A_2)45μg+(HCG)1 500IU+(DOM)18mg/kg体重。     

鄱阳湖黄颡鱼胚胎发育观察

黄颡鱼 (Pseudobagrusfulvidraco)是江西各类型水域中常见的经济鱼类。我们对鄱阳湖黄颡鱼进行了人工繁殖及苗种培育 ,并对该鱼的胚胎发育进行了观察。本文就鄱阳湖黄颡鱼的胚胎发育观察结果报道如下 :1　材料和方法黄颡鱼亲鱼于 2 0 0 1年早春从鄱阳湖水系的江河、湖泊、水库和池塘等水体收集。选择纯种 ,体质健壮且已达性成熟的鱼作为繁殖用亲鱼专池培育。6月上旬 ,选择成熟度好的雌雄亲鱼以 1∶1配比进行催产。雌鱼催产剂量为 :LRH—A2 3～ 5 μg kg亲鱼重 +HCG80 0～ 12 0 0IU kg亲鱼重 +DOM 3～ 5mg kg亲鱼重 +催产灵 80 0～ 10 …     

大鳞鲃人工繁育试验报告

从乌兹别克斯坦引进体质量20~40g的野生大鳞鲃(Barbus capito)鱼种,经5年人工培育性腺已发育成熟,2008年5月筛选8尾亲鱼进行人工繁殖试验。结果表明:注射催产药物LHRH-A2、HCG和DOM可促使亲鱼产卵和排精,催产的4尾雌鱼中有3尾成功产卵,获得受精卵4.8万粒,孵出鱼苗3万尾,其催产率、受精率、孵化率分别为75%,72.3%,67.1%。水温20~23℃时,从受精卵到孵出鱼苗需要约70h,到仔鱼上浮开口需要约6d。在哈尔滨地区池塘人工培育大鳞鲃鱼苗,1龄鱼体质量可达(40.06±1.19)g,体长(14.34±0.15)cm。     

华鲮人工繁殖研究

对华鲮天然捕捞成熟个体及池塘培育成熟个体的人工繁殖研究,探明了华鲮人工繁殖及池塘驯养培育亲鱼的方法与规律,获得了一定的研究数据。2002~2005年共获苗570.4万尾,正常受精率在85%以上,孵化率在75%以上。混合使用DOM、LRH-A、HCG 3种催产剂能较好地达到催产效果。雌鱼催产剂量LRH-A 8~15μg/kg HCG 800~1 200 IU/kg DOM 3~5 mg/kg,雄鱼剂量减半或注射1/3。雌雄比控制在1~3∶1。     

异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究

2010年4～6月,对野生异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax o' connori)人工规模化繁殖技术进行研究,并初步进行产后亲鱼恢复培养技术研究.对108尾雌鱼进行干法人工授精,共采卵104万多粒,孵出仔鱼62万多尾.其中45尾雌亲鱼自然成熟,共采卵46.8万多粒,平均受精率和孵化率低于人工催产雌鱼卵.人工催产83...     

昆明裂腹鱼人工繁殖技术研究

于2003年8月起进行野生昆明裂腹鱼(Schizothorax grahami)亲鱼培育研究,并2009年5月3日—9日进行了人工繁殖技术和鱼苗培育实验。结果显示:野生昆明裂腹鱼在人工驯化养殖条件下,能在池塘内正常生长发育。亲鱼初次性成熟年龄为4龄,雌鱼以5～6龄最佳。采用二次胸鳍基部注射,催产孵化水温为14～17℃,效应时间平均为46h,平均孵化时间为176 h,鱼苗经60 d培育(平均水温14～18℃)体长可达5.05 cm。     

小黄鱼亲鱼培育和催产技术的初步试验

2014—2015年对野生小黄鱼在人工养殖条件下的繁育技术进行了相关试验研究,主要包括亲鱼的室内越冬、强化培育和人工催产技术。选取2000尾小黄鱼,体质量平均为67.24g,分别饲养于4m×8m×1.5m的越冬池,越冬池水温10~11℃,投喂少量配合饲料,进行亲鱼营养强化,亲鱼使用促黄体素释放激素A2和人绒毛膜促性腺激素催产。经52d营养强化,小黄鱼体质量增至88.30g,营养强化组的卵巢质量和性腺指数均显著高于对照组(P0.05),表明通过投喂冰鲜饵料并添加维生素C和维生素E,可显著促进小黄鱼的性腺发育和成熟,提高其性腺指数和相对怀卵量;使用1.2μg/kg促黄体素释放激素A2搭配500IU/kg人绒毛膜促性腺激素对雌鱼进行催产,催产效果最佳,人工受精率和孵化率分别为23.35%和80.56%。     

Breeding and larval rearing of the rabbitfish,Siganus guttatus (Bloch)

Females of Siganus guttatus reared to sexual maturity in canvas tanks were induced to spawn by using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG, Ayerst) at 500 IU/fish or about 2 IU/g body weight. The amount of HCG used depended on the initial mean egg diameter; the smaller the diameter, the more HCG was used. Fish with oocytes characterized by germinal vesicle migration (mean egg diameter ≥ 0.47 mm) spawned without HCG injection. Fertilization and hatching rates for both treated and untreated fish were more than 90%. The larvae were reared to metamorphosis using rotifers from day 2–17, rotifers + newly hatched Artemia nauplii from day 18–20 and rotifers + newly hatched Artemia nauplii + artificial feed from day 21–35. In addition, Isochrysis galbana was introduced to the rearing tanks from day 1–10 and Chlorella sp. and/or Tetraselmis sp. from day 1–35. Survival rates of larvae tended to be lower as the broodstock became older.     

Controlled reproduction of an important indigenous fish species, Spinibarbus denticulatus (Oshima, 1926), in Southeast Asia

Aquaculture of Spinibarbus denticulatus (Oshima, 1926), a fish species indigenous to North Vietnam and Eastern China, is constrained by lack of fingerlings for stocking ponds and cages. As these fish do not naturally breed in captivity, carp pituitary extract (CPE), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) with domperidone (DOM) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were administered at various doses to induce ovulation. A first set of experiments evaluated the response to LHRHa (30, 40 and 50 μg kg⁻¹) with or without DOM (10 mg kg⁻¹), CPE (20, 30 and 40 mg kg⁻¹) and HCG (3000, 4000 and 5000 IU kg⁻¹). A second set of experiments evaluated the dose response to LHRHa (30, 35, 40 and 50 μg kg⁻¹) primed with 6 mg kg⁻¹ of CPE, and HCG (3000, 3500, 4000, 5000 IU kg⁻¹) primed with 6 mg kg⁻¹ of CPE. The treatment groups were compared with each other and the control (injected with 0.9% saline solution). Only 25% and 50% ovulation resulted when treated with LHRHa at 40 and 50 μg kg⁻¹, whereas 100% ovulation was achieved with an addition of DOM to LHRHa. Both 30 and 40 mg kg⁻¹ CPE induced 100% ovulation. However, HCG (4000 and 5000 IU kg⁻¹) induced ovulation in only 33% of females. When primed with CPE, the minimum dose of LHRHa required was 35 μg kg⁻¹ to achieve 70% ovulation. Priming HCG with CPE also resulted in 100% ovulation, and the minimum effective dose of HCG to induce ovulation was 3500 IU kg⁻¹ with 60% ovulation. Fertilization and hatch rates observed in this study with different hormonal stimulation were high (80–93%). The results indicate that while the use of combined hormone strategy has no apparent advantage over a single hormone strategy, LHRHa+DOM (40 μg kg⁻¹+10.0 mg kg⁻¹) and CPE (30 mg kg⁻¹) are most effective in consistently inducing ovulation and thus can be used for commercial hatchery production of S. denticulatus larvae.     

Induced Final Maturation and Spawning of the Marbled Grouper Epinephelus microdon Captured from Spawning Aggregations in the Republic of Palau, Micronesia

A high percentage (98.3%, N = 60) of the marbled grouper Epinephelus microdon individuals captured from spawning aggregations during July and August 1993 in the waters surrounding the island of Koror, Republic of Palau, Micronesia, were in the stage of maturity at which final maturation and spawning could be hormonally induced. The sex ratio of the captured fish was highly skewed towards males (4 male:1 female). Sexually immature females comprised the smallest size class, (<0.6 kg body weight (BW) or 33.0 cm total length (TL)), while sexually mature females were restricted to the 0.6–1.5 kg BW (33.0–46.4 cm TL) groups. Males predominated in size classes >0.6 kg BW, and individuals >1.5 kg BW (46.4 cm TL) were exclusively male. All females with oocytes that averaged ( N = 50) >400 μm in diameter were successfully induced to spawn by a two-injection protocol using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) at total dosages of 2,100–3,200 IU/kg fish. All males used in the spawning trials were administered a single injection of HCG at dosages of 500 or 1,000 IU/kg fish. Fecundity ranged between 7.96 × 10⁵−1.24 × 10⁶kg BW, average spawned egg diameters ranged between 769–832 μm, percent fertilization ranged between 32.6%–99.9%, and hatching percentages were >90.0%. Total fat content of eggs obtained from a pooled spawning event was 14.1 mg/100 mg dry weight. The data indicate that HCG is a suitable treatment for the induction of spawning in marbled grouper females that possess a mean oocyte diameter of 400 μm or greater.     

基于循环水养殖系统的长鳍吻鮈亲鱼培育、催产和孵化技术初探

2012—2015年,采用室内循环水养殖系统开展了长鳍吻鮈(Rhinogobio ventralis)亲鱼培育、人工催产和孵化技术研究。结果显示:3年间长鳍吻鮈均能在循环水养殖系统中培育成熟,2014年5月—2015年4月间培育存活率和成熟率最高,分别为85.3%~100%和77.3%~100%;对培育成熟的亲鱼进行了4种不同外源激素(PG、HCG、LRH-A2、LRH-A2+DOM)催产实验,结果为LRH-A26μg/kg+DOM 5 mg/kg合剂催产率最高,达88.3%;14、16、18、20和22℃5个温度组的受精卵孵化实验结果显示,孵化时间(H)与温度(T)呈显著负相关关系(H=0.573T2-30.393T+418.178,R2=0.982,P0.01),18℃和20℃组的孵化率分别为54.27%和56.07%,显著高于其他各组,表明长鳍吻受精卵适宜孵化温度范围为18~20℃。     

Artificial Propagation of Mutton Snapper Lutjanus analis, A New Candidate Marine Fish Species for Aquaculture

Abstract Wild-caught mutton snapper Lutjanus analis , a high-value marine food fish species, matured in flow-through seawater (36 g/L) tanks after 3 yr in captivity. On 31 May 1995, a female with a mean oocyte diameter of 382 μm was injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) (500 IU/kg body wt.) followed 24 h later by a second injection (1,000 IU/kg body wt.). At the time of the second injection, three males were injected with HCG (500 IU/ kg body wt.). Voluntary spawning occurred 33 h after the first injection, with a total of 534, 781 eggs released. Fertilization rate was 75.7%, while average diameter of fertilized eggs was 783 μm. Embryos were stocked in a 30-m³ outdoor tank at a density of 10.5/L. On day 2 post-hatching (d2ph), larval density was 8.61 larvae/L, and average notochord length was 2.6 mm. Larvae were fed ss-type rotifers from dl-d28ph, Artemia nauplii from 0–08ph, and artificial diets (52–48% protein) from d24-d38ph. On d38ph, fish averaged 0.308 g and 22.2 mm standard length. Survival (from d2ph) was 14.3%, with a total of 36,900 post-metamorphic juveniles produced. On d97ph, 1,390 hatchery-reared juveniles (avg. wt. = 10.5 g) were stocked into two 14.5-m³ recirculating seawater tanks (695 fish/tank; 48 fish/m³) and fed a 56% protein pellet. After 168 d, fish averaged 140.8 g, with a survival rate of 97.8% and a feed conversion ratio (dry wt./wet wt.) of 1.2. These preliminary results reveal the mutton snapper to be a prime, new candidate species for commercial cultivation.     

Induced ovulation of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) using a combination of a gonadotrop‐releasing hormone analogue and domperidone

The effects of an intraperitoneal hormone injection of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (D‐Ala⁶, Pro⁹‐NEt GnRHa) alone or in combination with a dopamine antagonist, domperidone (DOM), on ovulation induction in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were tested. The hormone treatments were as follows: 6 mg kg⁻¹ body weight (BW) of carp pituitary extract as a positive control, GnRHa 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg kg⁻¹ BW and a combination of GnRHa and DOM as follows: 10 μg+5 mg, 20 μg+10 mg, 40 μg+20 mg and 80 μg+40 mg kg⁻¹ BW. Physiological saline (0.7% NaCl) was used as a negative control. Significant differences in the ovulation ratio, latency period and ovulation index (OI) were observed among treatments (P<0.05). The combination of GnRHa and DOM at doses of 40 μg+20 mg kg⁻¹ BW had higher values of the ovulation ratio and OI, and a shorter latency period compared with other treatments. The highest OI in GnRHa treatments was only 56.67%, suggesting a dopaminergic tone on gonadotropin secretion in this fish at the pre‐ovulatory stage. Therefore, ovulation can be successfully induced in yellow catfish with 40 μg kg⁻¹ GnRHa+20 mg kg⁻¹ DOM without affecting the egg quality.