罗非鱼加工新技术与质量安全控制技术

虽然我国罗非鱼养殖和加工业发展迅猛,出口量不断增长,但美国等发达国家对进口水产品制定了非常严格的质量标准,以这些标准作为技术壁垒对我国出口的水产品进行限制。因此急需在罗非鱼产业中采用新的加工技术与质量安全控制技术,确保罗非鱼产品的高附加值和质量安全,     

斑点叉尾鱼片出口退税率提至13%

南方农村报资讯:近日,南方农村报记者从有关部门了解到,我国提高了一系列农产品的出口退税率,水产品的出口退税率提高到13%～15%,其中斑点叉尾产品提高到13%,提高出口退税率的商品清单中未见大宗出口水产品罗非鱼、对虾和鳗鱼。     

市场动态

<正>2009年广西罗非鱼出口同比增长39.1%2009年1-10月,广西罗非鱼出口量29124吨,同比增长39.1%。据海关统计,2008年广西水产品出口1.42亿美元。比2003年的0.31亿美元增长了3.6倍,年均递增35.2%。罗非鱼约占水产品直接出口份额的80%。水     

罗非鱼湖病毒检测技术研究

罗非鱼是全球第二大重要养殖鱼类,也是我国重要的养殖和出口水产品。主要介绍了罗非鱼湖病毒的诊断技术,以期为有效防控该病毒的传播提供借鉴。     

脆肉鲩养殖户黄骚根今年增收有秘诀——看准大市场 把好质量关

海南以市场为导向，着力发展出口潜力大、市场前景好的罗非鱼、对虾等水产养殖优势品种。目前，对虾、罗非鱼产量分别超过海淡水养殖产量的半数。2003年，以罗非鱼、对虾为主要品种的养殖出口1．6万t、5811万美元，占水产品出口量和出口额的一半以上，撑起水产品出口的“半壁江山”。     

斑点叉尾鮰鱼片出口退税率提至13％

南方农村报资讯：近日，南方农村报记者从有关部门了解到，我国提高了一系列农产品的出口退税率，水产品的出口退税率提高到13％。15％，其中斑点叉尾鮰产品提高到13％，提高出口退税率的商品清单中未见大宗出口水产品罗非鱼、对虾和鳗鱼。     

出口淡水鱼健康养殖质量控制要素

<正>我国是当前世界第一水产养殖大国和水产品贸易大国,养殖的水产品产量已约占世界的70%。水产品出口额连续多年居世界首位。天津是我国淡水鱼出口品种及产量较多的城市,出口的淡水养殖鱼类品种主要有:鲫鱼、罗非鱼、黄颡鱼等。天津滨海新区出口淡水鱼基地有着多年的出口淡水鱼养殖经验。该基地主要以出口鲫鱼、黄颡鱼为主。出口目的地主要为韩国。本文作者将此出口淡水鱼养殖基地健康养殖质量控制要素     

市场动态

虾类取代鳗鱼成为我国水产品出口创汇第一品种2003年我国水产品对外贸易克服非典疫情影响,出口额再创新高,占农产品出口总额214.3亿美元的25.6%,继续位居大宗出口农产品首位。据海关统计,去年我国水产品进出口总额达79.7亿美元;其中出口额54.9亿美元,同比增长了17%,实现贸易顺差30.1亿美元。水产品出口量微增而出口额却增长17%,与国际水产品市场价格上扬有关,同时也得益于我国出口品种结构的调整和产品加工深度的提高。虾类、鳗鱼、罗非鱼、大黄鱼等名特优养殖水产品出口额已占一般贸易出口总额的47%。其中,虾类产品出口增长迅猛,已超过鳗鱼…     

前9月福建水产品出口货值增长接近翻番

1~9月,福建宁德口岸出口水产品6.16万t、2.8亿美元,分别比增69%和98%,出口货值近翻番增长。水产品出口呈现三大特点:一是出口水产品品种呈多样化发展。从原有主要大黄鱼及少量带鱼、河豚鱼品种扩展到罗非鱼、大黄鱼、河豚鱼、带鱼、鲭鱼、     

简讯

20 0 4年我国水产品出口大幅增长2 0 0 4年 ,我国水产品出口大幅增长 ,出口量和出口额分别达到 2 4 2 .1万t、6 9.7亿美元 ,同比分别增长 15 .1%和 2 7% ;实现贸易顺差 37.3亿美元 ,同比增长 2 4 .3%。水产品出口占农产品出口总额的 2 9.7% ,继续居大宗出口农产品首位。鳗鱼、对虾、罗非鱼、大黄鱼、贝类等养殖名优水产品成为主要出口品种 ,占出口总额的比重由 2 0 0 3年的 2 9%升至 2 0 0 4年的 34%。水产品加工贸易出口额达 2 5 .9亿美元 ,同比增长 32 .7% ,占水产品出口总额的 37.2 %。2 0 0 4年我国水产品对日、美、欧、韩出口额所占份…     

PERCEPTIONS OF RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAMESE CATFISH FARMING: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Although Vietnamese catfish farming has grown at a rapid rate in recent years, the industry has also faced many problems that affect its sustainability. This paper explores the perceptions of catfish farmers regarding risk and risk management strategies in their production activities. The relationships between farm and farmer socioeconomic characteristics and perceptions of risk and risk management are also examined. Data for the study were collected in 2008 from a sample of 261 catfish farmers in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam using a questionnaire survey. The results show that, in general, price and production risks were perceived as the most significant risks. Farm management and technical measures were perceived to be more effective than other kinds of risk management strategies in risk reduction. Although price risks were rated as important, price risk management strategies were not perceived as important measures for risk mitigation. The results of the study are discussed to identify the implications for various industry stakeholders, including policymakers, processors, advisors, and developers of new risk management strategies.     

Risk management for fisheries

Risk management methods provide means to address increasing complexity for successful fisheries management by systematically identifying and coping with risk. The objective of this study is to summarize risk management practices in use in fisheries and to present strategies that are not currently used but may be applicable. Available tools originate from a variety of disciplines and are as diverse as the risks they address, including algorithms to aid in making decisions with multiple stakeholders, reserves to buffer against economic or biological surprises, and insurance instruments to help fishermen cope with economic variability. Techniques are organized in a two‐stage framework. In the first stage, risks are identified and analysed. Strategies presented in this category focus on decision analysis, including multicriteria decision‐making tools, and the related concept of risk assessment. Then in the treatment stage, identified risks can be transferred, avoided, or retained using tools such as the Precautionary Approach, portfolio management, financial contracts to manage price risk and horizontal integration. Published fishery applications are reviewed, and some empirical examples of risks and risk management using US fisheries data are presented.     

Risk in aquaculture: farmers’ perceptions and management strategies in Bangladesh

Abstract

This study examines Bangladesh fish farmers’ perception for risk sources, risk management strategies, and the relationship with socio-demographic variables. Data were collected from a sample of 350 farmers in Bangladesh. Exploratory factor analysis of a set of perception measurement items was used to assess farmers’ attitudes towards risk and their risk management strategies. The results reveal that fish-diseases, fish price variability, low quality of feed and fingerlings, flood and credit constraints were perceived as the most important sources of risk. For risk management, supply of good quality feed and fingerlings, diseases prevention, crop insurance, increasing personal savings, and assurance of bank loans were considered as the most important strategies to mitigate risks. Empirical evidence shows that farmers engage in multiple management strategies to reduce production risk.     

突发性水污染事件风险传导研究

分析水污染事件风险传导要素和过程,推进突发性水污染事件的理论研究。突发性水污染事件的风险传导链中存在风险源、风险传导载体、风险传导节点、风险传导信号和风险传导受害者等5大要素,传导过程包括从风险源到风险传导(危害性)发生的过程和从风险传导(危害性)发生到风险传导(危害性)消失的过程。突发性水污染事件持续时间长、危害严重,需要加大监管与处理力度,从源头遏制突发性水污染事件的发生。突发水污染事件后,应及时采取人工干预措施,缩短污染事件持续时间、降低危害程度。     

我国渔业风险综合管理研究

渔业风险管理是渔业经济持续健康发展的重要保障。在科学厘定渔业风险综合管理范畴的基础上,指出我国渔业高风险及风险管理低效率的困境在于割裂了渔业风险间的联系及渔业与其他产业的关联性、管理方式单一性和风险作用的复杂性,并从渔业风险管理的基本环境管理、致险因子管理、体制机制管理等方面明确渔业风险综合管理的新思路,提出从组织机构健全、法律法规完善、风险基金设立及渔业风险信息系统建设等方面推进渔业风险综合管理,提高我国渔业抵御风险和降低风险的能力。     

Risk screening of non‐native,translocated and traded aquarium freshwater fishes in Greece using Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit

The invasion of non‐indigenous freshwater fish species is one of the most important threats to aquatic biodiversity. Similar to other Mediterranean countries, Greece is considered a hot spot for freshwater biodiversity, with many range‐restricted endemics of high conservation concern. The aim of this study was to undertake a risk screening assessment to evaluate the invasive potential of non‐native, translocated and traded aquarium fishes in Greece by applying the Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK). In total, 73 freshwater fish species were evaluated by two assessors. FISK was able to discriminate reliably between invasive and non‐invasive species with a threshold of 15.25. Based on mean scores, 30 species were classified as ‘high risk’, of which 17 as ‘moderately high risk’, six as ‘high risk’ and seven as ‘very high risk’. There was a high coincidence rate for the species categorisation between the two assessors, but significant differences in certainty. The results suggest that FISK is a useful tool for assessing risks posed by non‐native, translocated and traded aquarium fish species in Greece.     

中国水产业“走出去”面临的外汇风险及其防范

随着经济全球化的深入发展,中国水产业不可避免地会融入到世界经济大潮和国际分工体系之中。中国水产业如何"走出去"也就成了当前中国水产业面临的一个重要课题。在越来越多的水产企业走出国门寻找投资机会的同时,它们也面临着许多事先难以预料的风险,外汇风险便是其一。本文在对外汇风险含义正确理解的基础上,分析了外汇风险的识别和种类,最后提出了具有针对性的外汇风险防范措施。     

Risk frames on shark diving websites: implications for global shark conservation

• 1. Decision‐makers can leverage understanding about the human dimensions (HD) of shark conservation to inform more effective conservation action. Characterizing risk frames on shark diving websites can provide insight about the HD of shark conservation and deepen understanding of the role of risk in influencing human relationships with wildlife.
• 2. The objectives of the current study were to: (1) describe risk frames (e.g. victim, perpetrator) found on shark diving websites; (2) explore themes among and between risk frames; and (3) synthesize implications for conservation.
• 3. Content among 53 websites was analysed in December 2008; 15% used only a perpetrator frame, 21% used only a victim frame, 36% used both frames and 28% used neither frame.
• 4. Websites with a conservation link were more likely to use a victim frame (T = 0.283, P<0.05). The occurrence of both frames on study websites speaks to the relevancy of applying risk‐related thinking to shark conservation.
• 5. This research highlights how risk frames are contextualized on selected shark diving websites. Integrated with understanding of the ecological processes surrounding sharks and their conservation, HD information such as that presented here can contribute to more effective shark conservation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

     

Financial risk analysis of three aeration regimes in catfish cage culture

Abstract

This study analysed the benefits and costs of three airlift aeration regimes — continuous (24 hr), partial (9 hr/night plus emergencies), and no aeration — for channel catfish in cages. Data from four field studies included four dependent variables based on size at harvest, and six independent variables. Four regression models were fit with a modified Cobb‐Douglas production function in a Seemingly Unrelated Regression system. Yield projections from the production function were then used in a stochastic economic model with prices and variable costs expressed as triangular distributions. Results indicated that none of the aeration methods was preferred to the others by either first‐ or second‐degree stochastic dominance criteria, although partial aeration was the risk‐neutral choice. A power analysis was used to demonstrate that an impractical number of replicates would be needed to detect a difference between partial and continuous aeration that was both economically and statistically significant.     

THE IMPACT OF PRICE AND YIELD RISK ON THE BIOECONOMICS OF RESERVOIR AQUACULTURE IN NORTHERN VIETNAM

A bioeconomic model of reservoir aquaculture in northern Vietnam is used to investigate the impacts of fish price and yield variability on the level and riskiness of expected net revenue. Net revenue is volatile compared with similar enterprises in other countries, mainly due to high yield variability. This reflects the nascent nature of the industry in Vietnam and the potential for efficiency and productivity improvements. Increasing production intensiveness, as well as reservoir size, was found to increase profits and decrease revenue risk. Among the management parameters studied, expected net revenue was found to be most sensitive to the length of the production cycle and to the harvest rate, while revenue risk was most sensitive to cycle length. Reservoir size was found to affect net revenue less than anticipated. Although common carp monoculture was found to maximize expected profit, the current species mix minimizes risk, thereby suggesting high risk aversion by northern Vietnam's poor farmers.