鲟鱼流水养殖快速育成技术研究

<正>西伯利亚鲟、杂交鲟的肉质细腻、味道鲜美、营养丰富,具有生长快、品质优、抗病能力强和适应能力广等优点,是水产养殖的优良品种。我国从九十年代进行人工养殖。随着人们生活水平的提高,近些年山区流水养殖西伯利亚鲟、杂交鲟逐渐兴起。因此,对流水养殖鲟鱼快速育成技术的研究具有现实意义。鲟鱼流水养殖快速育成技术的成功与推广,将有助于提高鲟鱼的品质与产量,有利于鲟鱼养殖的健康发展。     

北京地区杂交鲟池塘循环流水养殖试验研究

正2019年北京市鲟鱼、鲑鳟鱼创新团队养殖岗位为拓展鲟鱼养殖方式,促进京郊鲟鱼产业可持续发展,在平谷区一室外池塘循环流水养殖系统开展了鲟鱼养殖试验。试验结果显示,经过210天的养殖,杂交鲟平均规格由250g/尾增重至750g/尾,养殖成活率达到96.5%,饵料系数为1.26,鲟鱼总产量为4342.5kg,系统内单位水体产量为17.37kg/m~3,单位水体经济效益为129.1元/m~3。试验结果表明,杂交鲟在池塘循环流水养殖模式下保持了较高的生长水平,同时取得了较好的经济效益,由此说明在北京地区利用室外池塘循环流水养殖系统开展杂交鲟养殖完全可行。     

粤北山区杂交鲟鱼苗培育技术总结

正杂交鲟是由史氏鲟为父本、达氏鳇为母本的人工杂交品种,属冷水性鱼类,最适生长水温为18～25℃,溶解氧要求在6mg/L以上。乳源瑶族自治县位于粤北山区,大部分区域如洛阳、东坪、大布、必背、大桥等乡镇山水资源丰富,且常年水温较低,非常适合养殖杂交鲟。近十几年来,乳源县杂交鲟水泥池流水养殖和山塘网箱养殖发展迅速,但由于本地没有较专业和上规模的鲟     

鱼类气泡病的防治方法

气泡病多发生在池塘养殖的鱼苗、鱼种阶段,但随着池塘精养高产面积的不断扩大,成鱼养殖阶段也经常发生。另外,工厂化温流水养殖的罗非鱼和小面积金鱼的养殖中也易患此病。特别是水花下塘不久,气泡病危害最严重,鱼苗越小越敏感,如抢救不及时,可引起鱼苗大批死亡甚至全部死亡,成鱼有时也可造成大的死亡损失。笔者在多年从事鱼类病害防治工作中对气泡病的防治方法进行了探讨,并作如下介绍,以降低该病的发生。1气泡病的产生原因气泡病是由水中某种气体过饱和所引起,具体原因     

鲟幼鱼气泡病的发生与控制

气泡病是鱼类养殖中常见疾病，多发生于苗种培育阶段，在鲟幼鱼养殖阶段表现为易发性、发病症状突出、危害性大等特点，给鲟幼鱼生产构成严重威胁。     

池塘微流水养殖鲟鱼试验

鲟鱼南移在水泥池进行工厂 化养殖在全国许多地方已获成 功，但在我市刚刚起步，存在着夏 季气温高、苗种缺乏、养殖成本高 等不利因素；还存在着由于高密度养殖技术尚未完全过关，鲟鱼易患病需要经常用药物进行防治从而不利于优质无公害水产品的生产等问题。为了提高养殖技术降低鲟鱼养殖成本，探索生产无公害优质水产品的途径，进一步发展南方养鲟业，笔者于２０００年６月１５日至２００１年１月１５日，进行了池塘微流水养殖鲟鱼试验，获得了较好的效果，所养殖的鲟鱼是由鲟（ ）和鳇（ ）杂交而成的杂交鲟和美国匙吻鲟。现将试验情况报…     

史氏鲟和杂交鲟流水养殖对比试验

鲟鱼是一种经济价值和观赏价值都较高的名贵鱼类,目前人工养殖的品种主要有:俄罗斯鲟、史氏鲟、杂交鲟、匙吻鲟等,它们具有生长速度快,养殖周期短,经济效益好的特点,深受广大养殖户的喜爱。为适应日益蓬勃发展的鲟鱼养殖业的需要,探索小水体、高密度、温流水的养殖模式下,不同品种的鲟鱼的生长、摄食情况,浙江省丽水市水产良种试验场于2000年开始引进史氏鲟和杂交鲟,对相同的养殖条件、相     

养殖密度对杂交鲟幼鱼生长、肌肉组分和血液生理生化指标的影响

工厂化流水养殖条件下进行为期90 d的饲养试验,探讨养殖密度对杂交鲟[西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)(♀)×施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)(♂)]幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组分含量和血液生理指标的影响。杂交鲟初始体重为(251.11±0.59)g,养殖密度分别设置为5.50 kg/m3、8.27 kg/m3、11.01 kg/m3、13.80 kg/m3。结果表明,养殖密度对杂交鲟幼鱼的生长和存活影响显著(P0.05),随着养殖密度的增加,幼鱼的终末体重、特定生长率、肥满度和存活率呈下降趋势,而饲料系数则呈上升趋势;实验结束时,杂交鲟幼鱼肌肉中水分含量随养殖密度的增加而上升(P0.05),而粗脂肪含量却下降(P0.05),粗蛋白和灰分的含量则变化不显著(P0.05);养殖密度对杂交鲟幼鱼的血液指标影响显著(P0.05),各处理组的幼鱼血液中血红蛋白、血浆葡萄糖及总蛋白含量差异显著(P0.05)。结果说明,高密度环境对杂交鲟幼鱼生长性能与肌肉组分均产生了显著影响。     

杂交鲟集约化养殖技术总结

杂交鲟苗种培育开口饵料用水蚯蚓，培育10d后用配合饲料驯食。采用流水方式进行成鱼养殖，冬季用锅炉加温，夏季用水库底部水降温，配备增氧机，鱼病主要是防治车轮虫病，用福尔马林全池泼酒。     

鲟鱼养殖技术之一史氏鲟和杂交鲟流水养殖对比试验

鲟鱼是一种经济价值和观赏价值都较高的名贵鱼类,目前人工养殖的品种主要有:俄罗斯鲟、史氏鲟、杂交鲟、匙吻鲟等,它们具有生长速度快,养殖周期短,经济效益好的特点,深受广大养殖户的喜爱.为适应日益蓬勃发展的鲟鱼养殖业的需要,探索小水体、高密度、温流水的养殖模式下,不同品种的鲟鱼的生长、摄食情况,浙江省丽水市水产良种试验场于2000年开始引进史氏鲟和杂交鲟,对相同的养殖条件、相同的放养密度下,两种鲟鱼的生长情况进行了对比试验.     

Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in dogs and cats. Technics and indications

A report is presented of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in cats and dogs using flexible endoscopes. Following consideration of the basic equipment, an account is given of patient preparation and anesthesia, topography, investigation technique and normal findings. Diagnostic potential, indications and risks involved are discussed.     

虾蟹血淋巴的抽取与固定

随着人们对甲壳动物生理生态学研究的逐步深入,尤其是与免疫应答密切联系的血液生理学领域被广泛关注.抽取和固定血淋巴,成为进行血液学研究必不可少的步骤.那么如何更好地抽取和固定血淋巴呢,本文以虾蟹为例做了总结,以供参考.     

中国鲟鱼的保护、管理与产业化

1　世界现存鲟鱼的种类和资源鲟鱼是一类起源早、具有重要科学研究价值和极高经济价值的稀有物种 ,多数种类个体大 ,半数种为溯河洄游产卵鱼类。按目前较为公认的分类系统 ,现存鲟鱼类有 2科 6属 2 7个种 ,隶属于硬骨鱼纲、软骨硬鳞总目、鲟形目 (Acipenseriformes) ,其中鲟属有 17个种 ,主要经济种类在其中。它们全部分布于北半球 ,现存 9个自然分布区为 :太平洋东岸、北美大湖地区、大西洋西北部、北美密西西比河流域和墨西哥湾、大西洋东北部、里海地区、西伯利亚及北冰洋流域、黑龙江和日本海、长江和珠江。鲟鱼自然种群资源稀少 ,在过…     

Achieving sustainable aquaculture: Historical and current perspectives and future needs and challenges

Important operational changes that have gradually been assimilated and new approaches that are developing as part of the movement toward sustainable intensive aquaculture production systems are presented via historical, current, and future perspectives. Improved environmental and economic sustainability based on increased efficiency of production continues to be realized. As a result, aquaculture continues to reduce its carbon footprint through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Reduced use of freshwater and land resources per unit of production, improved feed management practices as well as increased knowledge of nutrient requirements, effective feed ingredients and additives, domestication of species, and new farming practices are now being applied or evaluated. Successful expansion into culture of marine species, both off and on shore, offers the potential of substantial increases in sustainable intensive aquaculture production combined with integrative efforts to increase efficiency will principally contribute to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein and food security needs.     

Food habits and growth of silver and bighead carp in cages and ponds

Analysis of intestinal contents of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) showed that silver carp consumed primarily phytoplankton while bighead carp consumed large quantities of zooplankton and detritus in addition to phytoplankton. The size of particles filtered by the bighead carp was larger (17–3,000 μm) than that filtered by silver carp (8–100 μm). Artificial feed was readily consumed by bighead carp but not by silver carp. No growth difference was indicated for silver carp in fertilized ponds and ponds receiving artificial feed. Growth of bighead carp increased substantially with the addition of artificial feed. Silver carp grew more rapidly in cages than bighead carp.     

Fish assemblage associations and thresholds with existing and projected oil and gas development

Energy development threatens fish and wildlife resources worldwide. This study used constrained ordinations to show fish assemblage structure associated with oil and gas well densities in the Colorado River Basin, Wyoming, but well densities explained only 6.4% of assemblage structure when compared to other factors. Threshold Indicator Taxonomic ANalysis showed significant negative threshold responses by some species to small levels of development (<0.15 wells km^?2), whereas positive thresholds were less distinct. Some native and imperilled species could be disproportionately affected if future oil and gas development proceeds in a manner that will impact aquatic resources. Although existing development has not substantially influenced regional fish assemblage structure, it appears to affect a subset of species. Understanding assemblage‐level responses to development can help land managers determine appropriate development levels, prioritise areas for monitoring associated with future development and identify where land protection measures may be needed to offset potential risks.     

虾蟹专用肥的研究开发及应用

20 0 1年 ,江苏省高邮市农林局与中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心及扬州市春申生物化工有限公司共同承担了江苏省水产更新工程项目———“虾、蟹专用肥料的开发研究与推广”。经项目组人员的共同努力 ,现已顺利完成项目任务 ,研究开发的虾、蟹专用肥在试用和大面积推广应用中取得了显著效果。虾、蟹专用肥已被列为江苏省第一批无公害水产品基地拟用鱼药、饲料推荐产品 ;也是江苏省水产技术推广站、安徽省水产技术推广站、江苏省高邮市农林局、江苏省兴化市水产局、江苏省宝应县水产局、安徽寿县水产局等十多个水产行政主管和技术推广部…     

加快城乡统筹，推进我国农垦体制创新与经济发展的研究与思考

“十一五”以来，我国农垦加快体制机制改革、结构调整和经济增长方式的转变的步伐，参与市场竞争，努力提升企业和产品竞争力，经济社会事业发展较快，对国家的贡献提升，职工收入、生活质量明显提高和改善，示范引领作用不断增强。本文针对农垦体制机制创新进展滞缓，战略定位与发展方向不明，经济增长方式转变和结构调整缺乏资本、人才、技术的支撑，没有处理好改革、发展、稳定、民生的关系，投资匮乏，发展后劲不足，人才短缺和劳动力素质低下的现状，提出在未来农垦体制机制创新中要特别关注改革方向、目标设定与评估，改革要在现行法律法规的框架内运作，改革时机的选择，处理好改革发展稳定与民生的关系，调整好内部利益分配关系，自觉融入区域经济，与地方协同发展等问题。为了促进农垦的发展，建议国家加大对农垦体制机制创新、现代农业建设、国有农场土地资源的保护、社会保障体系的完善等财政和政策的支持力度。     

Gar biology and culture: status and prospects

Many lepisosteid populations in North America have declined and many are now threatened as a consequence of habitat loss and alteration and commercial and sport overfishing. Over the last two decades, morphological, histological and molecular studies allowed distinguishing between different phases of development and the nutritional condition of larvae. Ontogeny of the digestive enzymes of gar larvae indicated the possibility to feed them artificial feeds since early developmental stages. An in vitro digestibility system to test different feed ingredients has been used. Important characteristics of artificial diets were identified through different feeding experiments. Endocrinological studies showed the feasibility of altering larval development and the digestive capacity of larvae. Cloning of gar growth hormone opened new avenues to enhance growth in the gars. Plasmatic vitellogenin was isolated and purified, to develop a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which allowed the straightforward separation of males from females to establish appropriate proportions for reproduction and also was used to evaluate hormonal protocols to induce gonad recrudescence and spawning. This review analyzes the biology, ecology and physiology of different gar species as a basis for their domestication, mass production of larvae for repopulation experiments and for the culture of commercial‐size gar.