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繁殖是畜禽的重要机能之一,也是畜牧生产的关键环节。畜牧生产的基础是繁殖数量多、品质优良的幼畜,以便用于畜牧生产和扩大再生产。影响畜禽繁殖性能的因素很多,营养是其中一个重要因素。能量、蛋白质、矿物质及维生素等营养物质对动物生殖的作用和动物繁殖机能均有较大影响。 相似文献
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畜牧生产通常会受到高温天气的影响,高温天气会造成动物的热应激,降低生产效率,增加生产成本,因此使用合适的降温方式能够有效缓解畜禽热应激的发生,提高畜禽生产效率。蒸发降温方式是畜禽生产中常用的降温方式,喷淋降温主要使用喷淋系统和通风系统,将水喷淋至畜禽体表,通过通风系统将畜禽体表水分蒸发,降低畜禽体温,为畜禽提供舒适的体感温度。对畜禽生产中喷淋降温使用情况进行总结,以期为畜牧生产中夏季喷淋降温的使用提供帮助。 相似文献
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日粮营养水平与畜禽繁殖性能 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
繁殖是畜禽的重要机能之一,也是畜牧生产的关键环节。畜牧生产的基础是繁殖数量多、品质优良的幼畜,以便用于畜牧生产和扩大再生产。影响畜禽繁殖性能的因素很多,营养是其中一个重要因素。能量、蛋白质、矿物质及维生素等营养物质对动物生殖的作用和动物繁殖机能均有较大影响。 相似文献
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从应激对畜禽机体生产性能、血液成分、血浆中激素水平、免疫功能等方面,综述了应激对畜牧生产带来的不利影响,以及谷氨酰胺的抗应激作用,以便为减少动物生产中的畜禽应激提供理论依据。 相似文献
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<正>畜牧行业协会是在畜牧生产过程中,生产者之间通过一定形式互相自愿联结而成,在过去畜牧生产中,通过畜牧行业协会推广的畜禽新品种,畜牧生产新技术、新方法、新经验以及沟通生产者与市场之间的联结机制等方面示例举不胜举,但是随着我国加入WTO后,我国畜产品融入国际大市场、大流通的步伐加快,这就要求我国畜牧业生产方式须由传统的分散的养殖方式向现代化的、规模化的、产业化的生产方式转变,在这一新形势下,笔者认为畜牧行业协会将会发挥出巨大的作用,因此在此重新审视一下畜牧行业协会非常必要。 相似文献
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从畜禽粪便造成的环境污染、污水引发的环境污染两方面,详细说明畜牧业生产对生态环境的不良影响。同时,结合现阶段我国畜牧养殖业的实际情况,提出针对性的防治措施,包括畜禽粪便处理、污水处理、气体处理等。 相似文献
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中草药及其多糖在畜禽中应用的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中草药多糖一类多糖混合物,目前在治疗也预防家禽疾病方面越来越被人们重视,而且不需要休药期。文章以中草药多糖为研究对象,综述了预防以及治疗畜禽疾病上的应用,并对其提高畜禽机体免疫力做了简单阐述。 相似文献
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替米考星是一种动物专用的新型大环内酯类抗生素,临床主要应用于牛、猪、鸡、绵羊、山羊、兔等动物感染性疾病,特别是畜禽呼吸道疾病并取得显著疗效。该药具有抗菌活性强、药代动力学特征优良、用量少、毒性小等特点。临床应用表明:替米考星是一种安全有效的新型兽药,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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Dang K. Nhan Ana Milstein Johan A.V. Verreth 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(1):160-173
A participatory on-farm study was conducted to explore the effects of food input patterns on water quality and sediment nutrient accumulation in ponds, and to identify different types of integrated pond systems. Ten integrated agriculture-aquaculture (IAA) farms, in which ponds associate with fruit orchards, livestock and rice fields were monitored in the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Pond mass balances for nitrogen (N), organic carbon (OC) and phosphorus (P) were determined, and pond water quality and sediment nutrient accumulation were monitored. Data were analyzed using multivariate canonical correlation analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. The main variability in pond water quality and sediment nutrients was related with food inputs and water exchange rates. Water exchange rate, agro-ecological factors, pond physical properties and human waste input were major variables used to classify ponds. Classification was into: (1) low water exchange rate ponds in the fruit-dominated area, (2) low water exchange rate ponds in the rice-dominated area receiving homemade feed, and (3) high water exchange rate ponds in the rice-dominated areas receiving wastes. Pond water exchange rate was human-controlled and a function of food input patterns, which were determined by livelihood strategies of IAA-households. In the rice-dominated area with deep ponds, higher livestock and human wastes were found together with high water exchange rates. In these ponds, large organic matter loads reduced dissolved oxygen and increased total phosphorus concentrations in the water and increased nutrient (N, OC and P) accumulation in the sediments. In the rice-dominated area with wide ponds, higher homemade feed amounts were added to the ponds with low water exchange rate. This resulted in high phytoplankton biomass and high primary productivity. The contrary occurred in the fruit-dominated area, where fish were grown in shallow and narrow ponds, receiving more plant residue which resulted in lower phytoplankton biomass and lower sediment nutrient accumulation. 相似文献
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A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to select constrained optimum combinations of aquacultural production alternatives for limited-resource farmers. The model maximized production of fish and livestock for home consumption and cash income.
Poor farmers without access to credit sources make best use of pond resources by stocking fish and utilizing inorganic fertilizer. Integrated systems require greater levels of capital to cover livestock feed costs. Ponds that cannot be drained are best utilized by stocking a polyculture system of bighead carp ( Aristichthys nobilis ), common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) and fathead minnows ( Pimephales pro-melas ) while drainable ponds are more efficiently utilized in tilapia production. 相似文献
Poor farmers without access to credit sources make best use of pond resources by stocking fish and utilizing inorganic fertilizer. Integrated systems require greater levels of capital to cover livestock feed costs. Ponds that cannot be drained are best utilized by stocking a polyculture system of bighead carp ( Aristichthys nobilis ), common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) and fathead minnows ( Pimephales pro-melas ) while drainable ponds are more efficiently utilized in tilapia production. 相似文献
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随着分子生物学技术的发展,人们越来越重视育种的效率,对主要组织相容性复合体研究的进一步深入,阐明了它在免疫应答、多种疾病的预防方面起到了一定的作用,主要介绍了主要组织相容性复合体的概念以及它与抗病性的关系,最后对主要组织形容性复合体的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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Sarah M. Morcom Di Yang Robert S. Pomeroy 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2018,22(1):49-71
This study characterized Northeast U.S. businesses breeding and/or selling marine ornamental aquacultured (MOA) livestock, identified cultured species, and assessed sales figures. Identified businesses (n?=?529) in the region consisted partially of retailers (n?=?274), commercial aquaculturists (n?=?42), and public aquaria, research, and educational institutions (n?=?48); the target sectors for inquiry. Of 75 survey respondents, 54% retailed MOA livestock, 19% conducted their own commercial MOA, and 9% conducted MOA as a part of public aquaria, research and/or educational endeavors. Corals generated up to $60,000 in annual sales for retailers and $100,000 for commercial aquaculturists. Commercial aquaculturists generated up to $50,000 in annual sales for MOA fishes and up to $30,000 for MOA non-coral invertebrates. The industry is characterized by market demand, low supply, few commercial aquaculturists, and many public aquaria, research and educational institutions; these attributes offer opportunities for its regional growth and development. 相似文献
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近年来内江市畜牧业得到了持续快速发展,畜牧业占农业总产值的比例达50%,但是还存在小生产与大市场的矛盾,畜牧业产业化经营程度低等问题,今后应该进一步加强对从业人员的培训,强化畜产品质量安全监管,加大对龙头企业的扶持力度,建立与国际接轨的畜产品质量标准体系。 相似文献
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本文应用2007年黑龙江省136个产业部门的投入产出表对黑龙江省畜牧业进行产业波及效应分析,并将其研究结果与2002年的畜牧业产业波及效应加以比较,认为黑龙江省畜牧业的产业波及效应无论是在程度上还是在范围上都有着明显的增强和扩大,具体表现在畜牧业的影响力和感应度双双超过国民经济部门的平均水平,从而使其成为对黑龙江省经济发展具有强大推动作用的优势农业产业。最后提出黑龙江省必须继续巩固畜牧业在促进黑龙江省经济发展中的战略地位,优化畜牧业产业内部结构和布局结构,完善畜牧业产业化经营体系。 相似文献