尼罗罗非鱼出肉率与可量性状的相关性

运用统计分析方法研究了吉富品系和埃及品系尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochro misniloticus)2龄成鱼雌、雄个体的出肉率和可量性状之间的相关性。结果显示,尼罗罗非鱼的平均出肉率为38.68%,雄性个体出肉率比雌性个体略高,吉富品系出肉率比埃及品系略高。尼罗罗非鱼出肉率与可量性状间存在较强的线性关系,拟合方程相关系数为0.985。在有显著意义的可量性状相关系数中(P0.01),与肉片质量和出肉率的相关性均最高的可量性状为体质量,相关系数分别为0.964和0.575;其次为体高、体长和体厚。而头长与肉片质量、出肉率均呈负相关关系。雄性个体的相关系数均高于雌性个体,在雄性个体中,出肉率与体质量的相关系数为0.630,与体高的相关系数为0.617,均为中等程度相关。对可量性状之间的比值与出肉率进行相关性分析,相关系数普遍比单个性状高,特别在雄性个体中表现明显。其中相关系数较高的比例组合有身长/头长比值(0.765)、体长/头长比值(0.732)、身长/体厚比值(0.703),均达到较强程度的相关,比单个性状的相关性有明显提高。结果表明,利用可量性状预测罗非鱼的出肉率是可行的。     

饲料中添加“健肝散”预防丁脂肪肝的作用

研究了在饲料中添加健肝散预防丁(Tinca tinca)脂肪肝的作用。采用健肝散添加量分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.4%的饲料进行丁养殖试验,试验周期为40d,观察健肝散对其生长指标、血清主要生理、生化指标的影响。结果表明,当健肝散添加量为0.4%时,丁的增重率、相对生长率和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇最高,肝脏脂肪含量最低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组均无显著差异(P>0.05);血浆中胆固醇、甘油三酯含量最高,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组有显著差异(P<0.05);谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶的活性较低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),其中乳酸脱氢酶的活性显著低于氯化胆碱组(P<0.05)。当健肝散添加量为0.2%和0.4%时,肝体比均较低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组无显著差异(P>0.05);添加量为0.1%、0.2%和0.4%时,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均较高,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组无显著差异(P>0.05)。在本研究条件下,丁饲料中添加0.4%的健肝散时,可有效预防其脂肪...     

36月龄雌、雄大黄鱼生长性状的相关分析与通径系数

研究海捕和选育子一代经网箱培育的36月龄雌、雄闽-粤东族大黄鱼亲鱼(分别为XY-YS组和XY-JC-F1组)的全长、体长、体高和体质量等生长性状的相关性,并采用通径系数法分析全长、体长、体高对体质量的影响。结果表明:全长、体长、体高和体质量两两之间的相关性极显著(P<0.01),体长与全长的相关系数(0.834~0.986)最大;XY-YS组变异系数大于XY-JC-F1组;XY-JC-F1组中大黄鱼雌鱼体高(直接通径系数0.363),XY-YS组中体长(直接通径系数0.846)、体高(直接通径系数0.732)是影响体质量最重要的性状;全长是影响XY-JC-F1和XY-YS组中大黄鱼雄鱼体质量最重要的性状,直接通径系数分别为0.325和0.340。     

齐口裂腹鱼SNP标记与生长性状的关联分析

齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)是中国特有的冷水性经济鱼类,具有较高的营养和经济价值。为了研究齐口裂腹鱼生长性状关联的分子标记,本研究以114尾同批次繁殖、相同养殖条件的齐口裂腹鱼为研究材料,运用26个齐口裂腹鱼SNPs位点进行生长性状(体重、体高、全长、体长)关联分析。对齐口裂腹鱼生长性状的主成分分析表明,体重占解释方差的93.42%,且特征根大于1,累积方差大于85%,是齐口裂腹鱼生长性状的第一主成分。SNPs位点与生长性状相关分析结果显示:ug17711-0-2201与全长呈显著相关(P0.05),ug24013-0-3669对全长、体长有显著影响(P0.05),ug25050-0-1678对体重、体高、全长和体长都有显著影响(P0.05),ug22712-0-2452对体重、体高、全长和体长都有极显著影响(P0.01)。对与生长性状显著相关的4个SNPs位点进行多态性检测,平均观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.2369和0.2110,平均多态信息含量为0.18,其中ug25050-0-1678具有中度多态性(0.25≤PIC0.5)。综上所述,ug25050-0-1678和ug22712-0-2452与生长性状具有显著相关性,可作为候选位点用于齐口裂腹鱼的分子标记辅助育种。本研究旨为齐口裂腹鱼的遗传改良和选择育种提供基础资料。     

橄榄蛏蚌赣江群体数量性状的通径分析

为探明橄榄蛏蚌各数量性状间的相关性以及影响肉质量的主要性状,随机选取40只3~4龄的野生橄榄蛏蚌,测量了壳长、壳宽、壳高、体质量(x1)、壳质量(x2)、高(x3)和肉质量(y)等7个数量性状,计算含肉率。运用相关分析、通径分析和多元回归分析等统计方法,对各数量性状之间的相互关系进行分析,计算各性状对肉质量的通径系数与决定系数,并建立了回归方程。研究结果显示,橄榄蛏蚌的含肉率达到65.62%,是极具开发潜力的食用淡水贝类;橄榄蛏蚌各数量性状间的表型相关均达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);体质量对肉质量的直接作用最大,为0.983,是影响肉质量的主要因素,而壳长、壳宽、壳高、高与壳质量等性状对肉质量的影响主要是通过体质量间接实现的;体质量的综合决定效应为96.08%,是影响肉质量的最主要因素,具有育种意义;运用逐步回归方法,建立了各数量性状对肉质量的回归方程为:y=-18.548+0.690x1-0.442x2+6.804x3。     

饲料中添加“健肝散”预防丁桂鱼脂肪肝病变的作用

研究了在饲料中添加"健肝散"预防丁(Tinca tinca)脂肪肝的作用。采用"健肝散"添加量分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.4%的饲料进行丁养殖试验,试验周期为40d,观察"健肝散"对其生长指标、血清主要生理、生化指标的影响。结果表明,当"健肝散"添加量为0.4%时,丁的增重率、相对生长率和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇最高,肝脏脂肪含量最低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组均无显著差异(P>0.05);血浆中胆固醇、甘油三酯含量最高,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组有显著差异(P<0.05);谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶的活性较低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),其中乳酸脱氢酶的活性显著低于氯化胆碱组(P<0.05)。当"健肝散"添加量为0.2%和0.4%时,肝体比均较低,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组无显著差异(P>0.05);添加量为0.1%、0.2%和0.4%时,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均较高,与空白对照组相比有显著差异(P<0.05),与氯化胆碱组无显著差异(P>0.05)。在本研究条件下,丁鱼岁饲料中添加0.4%的“健肝散”时,可有效预防其脂肪肝疾病。     

中国南海黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)幼鱼形态特征及其与体重的关系

为研究出现在中国南海美济礁的黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)幼鱼的形态特征及其各性状特性与体重的关系,对其附近海域捕捞的52尾野生黄鳍金枪鱼幼鱼的外部形态特征进行观察分析,并对其全长、体长、头长、体高、头高、眼径、眼间距、口裂、吻长、尾柄长、尾柄高和体重12个可量性状进行测量.通过相关分析、通径分析和决定分析方法,分析各形态性状对体重的影响程度,运用多元线性回归分析法建立主要性状对体重的多元回归方程.结果显示,鱼体呈纺锤形,粗壮而圆,向后逐渐细尖,尾柄细长,背部较暗,呈深蓝色,腹部银白色,体表具有浅银灰色间隔的纵向条纹,并有明亮的光泽,尾鳍末端呈黄褐色;体长、体高和尾柄高与体重的相关性达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),是影响体重的主要性状.体长对体重的通径系数最大(0.479)、决定系数最高(0.229),体长、体高主要通过直接作用对体重产生影响,而尾柄高主要通过体高、体长对体重起间接作用;以体重为因变量(y),体高(x1)、体长(x2)、尾柄高(x3)为自变量,得到估算体重的最优多元回归方程为y=30.482 x1+18.328 x2+ 199.490 x3-500.785.     

室内循环水和池塘养殖四指马鲅的生长性能及形态性状与体质量的相关性研究

采用相关性分析和通径分析研究了室内循环水和池塘养殖四指马鲅(Elentheronema tetradactylum)的体质量和12个形态性状之间的关系。结果显示,两个养殖群体的形态性状与体质量均呈极显著正相关(P0.01),并且两个养殖群体各主要性状间的相关性达到极显著水平(P0.01)。与室内循环水养殖群体体质量相关程度较大的形态性状依次为叉长、体长、头长、尾柄高和全长;与池塘养殖群体体质量相关程度较大的形态性状依次为全长、尾柄高、叉长、体长和体高。通径分析表明,体长、体高、头长、体宽和眼径对室内循环水养殖四指马鲅体质量的直接作用达显著水平(P0.05),以上形态性状的直接和间接决定系数总和为1.418;全长、尾柄高、体高、躯干长、头长对池塘养殖群体的体质量直接作用均达显著水平(P0.05),以上形态性状的直接和间接决定系数总和为0.968。结果表明,池塘养殖环境鱼体的变异系数较大有利于良种选育,而室内循环水养殖规格较均匀利于生产。不同养殖模式下,四指马鲅形态性状与体质量的相关性分析可为其规模化养殖和选育技术优化提供理论依据。     

中国南海黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)幼鱼形态特征及其与体重的关系

为研究出现在中国南海美济礁的黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)幼鱼的形态特征及其各性状特性与体重的关系,对其附近海域捕捞的52尾野生黄鳍金枪鱼幼鱼的外部形态特征进行观察分析,并对其全长、体长、头长、体高、头高、眼径、眼间距、口裂、吻长、尾柄长、尾柄高和体重12个可量性状进行测量。通过相关分析、通径分析和决定分析方法,分析各形态性状对体重的影响程度,运用多元线性回归分析法建立主要性状对体重的多元回归方程。结果显示,鱼体呈纺锤形,粗壮而圆,向后逐渐细尖,尾柄细长,背部较暗,呈深蓝色,腹部银白色,体表具有浅银灰色间隔的纵向条纹,并有明亮的光泽,尾鳍末端呈黄褐色;体长、体高和尾柄高与体重的相关性达到极显著水平(P0.01),是影响体重的主要性状。体长对体重的通径系数最大(0.479)、决定系数最高(0.229),体长、体高主要通过直接作用对体重产生影响,而尾柄高主要通过体高、体长对体重起间接作用;以体重为因变量(y),体高(x_1)、体长(x_2)、尾柄高(x_3)为自变量,得到估算体重的最优多元回归方程为y=30.482 x_1+18.328 x_2+199.490 x_3-500.785。     

3月龄牙鲆形态性状对体质量的通径分析

随机选取3月龄牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus100尾,分别测量全长(X1)、体长(X2)、头长(X3)、体厚(X4)和体高(X5)共5个形态学指标和体质量(Y)。通过SAS软件进行相关性分析和回归分析,分别计算以形态性状为自变量对体质量的通径系数和决定系数,进而对各性状对体质量的影响进行剖分。明确影响3月龄牙鲆体质量的主要形态性状,为牙鲆选育提供数据支持和理想的测度指标。结果表明,各形态性状间及与体质量的相关系数均达到极显著(P0.01)。体长、体厚和体高对体质量的通径系数均达到极显著的水平(P0.01);所选形态性状对体质量的决定系数R2=0.945,表明所选形态性状是影响3月龄牙鲆体质量的主要性状。通过对各形态性状偏回归系数的显著性检验,剔除不显著的性状自变量后,建立最优的多元回归方程:Y=-4.988+0.763X2+2.997X+1.089X,各偏回归系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01)。     

兰州鲇野生群体和人工繁育群体遗传结构的比较研究

采用19对大口鲇(Silurus meriaionalis)微卫星引物对兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)野生和人工繁育2个不同群体进行微卫星标记的遗传结构分析,结果显示:(1)2个不同种群检测出11个有效微卫星位点,共94个等位基因;各基因座位间除DQ223153与DQ223150,DQ223177与DQ223182,DQ223164与DQ223176存在一定程度连锁(P<0.05),其余连锁关系不显著。(2)2个种群平均有效等位基因数为7.28,平均观测杂合度为0.8873,平均期望杂合度为0.7732,PIC值0.7055,均为高度多态,但人工繁育群体的总扩增位点数和遗传多样性均低于野生群体;(3)两群体间的遗传相似性指数(I)为0.9915,遗传距离(D)为0.0086;各位点F-统计量分析结果表明,群体遗传分化系数(FST)为-0.0392～0.0754,平均值为0.0205;基因流(Nm)为1.6625。综合结果说明,虽然兰州鲇人工繁育群体的遗传多样性降低,但两群体遗传多样性丰富,亲缘关系较近,遗传分化较低,属于同一个种内水平遗传变异。     

基于家系水平的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)保种群体出肉率与表型性状的相关性分析

本研究从家系水平上比较凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)保种群体出肉率的差异,评估出肉率性状的选择潜力,寻找替代出肉率的间接选择性状,可为出肉率性状的遗传改良提供技术参数。2012年,保种群体养殖350 d后,测定42个家系(2094尾凡纳滨对虾)的8个表型性状(净肉重、体重、头胸甲长、腹节长、头胸甲-腹节长、体长、全长、肥满度),然后将虾杀死,剖取虾肉,计算出肉率;利用单因素方差分析方法,比较不同家系间出肉率的差异;计算各表型性状与出肉率之间的相关系数,利用逐步回归方法构建表型性状对出肉率的多元线性回归方程。结果显示,凡纳滨对虾家系出肉率的均值为(53.59±3.26)%,分布范围为50.25%?59.51%,变异系数为6.08%,家系间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);在8个表型性状中,与出肉率的相关性最高的3个性状分别为净肉重(r=0.478)、头胸甲-腹节长(r=0.376)和腹节长(r=0.370);在表型性状对出肉率的多元线性回归方程中,包括头胸甲-腹节长、体重和头胸甲-腹节长/全长3个性状,预测方程的决定系数为0.172。本研究首次在家系水平上表明,凡纳滨对虾保种群体家系间出肉率差异显著,但遗传变异度较低,为提高遗传进展,需进一步持续收集外部种质资源群体,并对出肉率进行家系间和家系内选择,以便获得期望的遗传进展。已测定表型性状与出肉率均处于中低度线性相关水平,初步获得与出肉率中度相关的间接选择性状;已构建的多元线性回归方程预测出肉率的准确度较低,因此,应进一步采用新的技术如超声波、核磁共振等,测定肌肉横截面积、腹节周长等新的性状,提高预测出肉率的准确性。     

Associations between morphometric variables and weight and yields carcass in Pirapitinga Piaractus brachypomus

The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between morphometric variables and carcass characteristics in Pirapitinga. We used a thousand specimens of Pirapitinga with an average weight of 1,200 g, which were stunned, slaughtered, weighed, measured, and processed for morphometric and processing yield analysis, to obtain weights, carcass and fillet yields. Initially, the linearity of the variables was verified. Pearson's simple and partial correlation tests were performed between all metrics. Track analysis was performed considering the weights and yields of carcass and filet as dependent variables and the others as independent variables. Ridge regression models were used to eliminate the effects of multicollinearity among the independent variables. Observations showed that the simple correlations between body weights and yields were superior to the partial ones in terms of magnitude. The length and circumference of the specimens were the measures most linearly associated with weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. As for carcass yield and fillet yield, linear correlation coefficients were low and not significant when associated with body weights. With the path analysis, we could observe significant positive correlations between the morphometric measurements for weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. The standard length, body circumference and body circumference/body height ratio are the most correlated. The latter are the most important variables in the evaluation of body weights in Pirapitinga fish. They can serve as criteria for indirect selection in searching for fish with better carcass characteristics. As for fillet and carcass yields, the morphometric variables have not shown to be efficient for indirect selection.     

Quantitative genetic properties of four measures of deformity in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833

The main aim of this study was to estimate the heritability for four measures of deformity and their genetic associations with growth (body weight and length), carcass (fillet weight and yield) and flesh‐quality (fillet fat content) traits in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi. The observed major deformities included lower jaw, nasal erosion, deformed operculum and skinny fish on 480 individuals from 22 families at Clean Seas Tuna Ltd. They were typically recorded as binary traits (presence or absence) and were analysed separately by both threshold generalized models and standard animal mixed models. Consistency of the models was evaluated by calculating simple Pearson correlation of breeding values of full‐sib families for jaw deformity. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among traits were estimated using a multitrait linear mixed model in ASReml. Both threshold and linear mixed model analysis showed that there is additive genetic variation in the four measures of deformity, with the estimates of heritability obtained from the former (threshold) models on liability scale ranging from 0.14 to 0.66 (SE 0.32–0.56) and from the latter (linear animal and sire) models on original (observed) scale, 0.01–0.23 (SE 0.03–0.16). When the estimates on the underlying liability were transformed to the observed scale (0, 1), they were generally consistent between threshold and linear mixed models. Phenotypic correlations among deformity traits were weak (close to zero). The genetic correlations among deformity traits were not significantly different from zero. Body weight and fillet carcass showed significant positive genetic correlations with jaw deformity (0.75 and 0.95, respectively). Genetic correlation between body weight and operculum was negative (?0.51, P < 0.05). The genetic correlations' estimates of body and carcass traits with other deformity were not significant due to their relatively high standard errors. Our results showed that there are prospects for genetic selection to improve deformity in yellowtail kingfish and that measures of deformity should be included in the recording scheme, breeding objectives and selection index in practical selective breeding programmes due to the antagonistic genetic correlations of deformed jaws with body and carcass performance.     

Modeling meat yield based on measurements of body traits in genetically improved giant freshwater prawn (GFP) Macrobrachium rosenbergii

A single-generation dataset consisting of 1,730 records from a selection program for high growth rate in giant freshwater prawn (GFP, Macrobrachium rosenbergii) was used to derive prediction equations for meat weight and meat yield. Models were based on body traits [body weight, total length and abdominal width (AW)] and carcass measurements (tail weight and exoskeleton-off weight). Lengths and width were adjusted for the systematic effects of selection line, male morphotypes and female reproductive status, and for the covariables of age at slaughter within sex and body weight. Body and meat weights adjusted for the same effects (except body weight) were used to calculate meat yield (expressed as percentage of tail weight/body weight and exoskeleton-off weight/body weight). The edible meat weight and yield in this GFP population ranged from 12 to 15 g and 37 to 45 %, respectively. The simple (Pearson) correlation coefficients between body traits (body weight, total length and AW) and meat weight were moderate to very high and positive (0.75–0.94), but the correlations between body traits and meat yield were negative (?0.47 to ?0.74). There were strong linear positive relationships between measurements of body traits and meat weight, whereas relationships of body traits with meat yield were moderate and negative. Step-wise multiple regression analysis showed that the best model to predict meat weight included all body traits, with a coefficient of determination (R ²) of 0.99 and a correlation between observed and predicted values of meat weight of 0.99. The corresponding figures for meat yield were 0.91 and 0.95, respectively. Body weight or length was the best predictor of meat weight, explaining 91–94 % of observed variance when it was fitted alone in the model. By contrast, tail width explained a lower proportion (69–82 %) of total variance in the single trait models. It is concluded that in practical breeding programs, improvement of meat weight can be easily made through indirect selection for body trait combinations. The improvement of meat yield, albeit being more difficult, is possible by genetic means, with 91 % of the variation in the trait explained by the body and carcass traits examined in this study.     

杂交石斑鱼(斜带石斑鱼♀×赤点石斑鱼♂)与其亲本形态性状比较研究

研究了杂交石斑鱼[斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)♀×赤点石斑鱼(E.akaara)♂]与其亲本的生长差异。采用形态学测量方法,分别测定了3种石斑鱼体质量和7个形态性状,对各形态性状对体质量影响进行通径分析,并分析杂交子代杂种优势。结果显示,3种石斑鱼各形态性状与体质量之间均呈极显著相关(P0.01),斜带石斑鱼、赤点石斑鱼体质量与全长的相关性最高,相关系数分别为0.946、0.932,杂交子代体质量与尾柄高的相关性最高(0.955),与全长的相关系数为0.927;形态性状与体质量的多元线性回归方程中,斜带石斑鱼保留体长、体高、尾柄高和体厚,赤点石斑鱼保留全长、体高和尾柄高,杂交子代保留全长、体高、尾柄高和体厚。对杂交子代杂种优势进行分析发现,体质量平均杂种优势为3.43%,体长平均杂种优势为3.02%,杂交子代同时表现出正向超亲优势和负向超亲优势。该研究表明杂交子代(斜带石斑鱼♀×赤点石斑鱼♂)与斜带石斑鱼的差异要小于赤点石斑鱼,杂交子代形态性状更偏向于母本。     

Heritability estimates for processing and quality traits in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) using a molecular pedigree

Heritability estimates with a microsatellite parentage assignment based pedigree are of special interest in common carp cultured under traditional pond conditions. This method reduces common environment effects as all families can be grown immediately after hatching mixed in the same pond. We applied this method to study genetics of growth and processing traits in common carp at market size (1.5 kg and more). The experimental progeny was established by crossing 147 two-year old males and 8 females (six to eight-year old) of Hungarian synthetic mirror carp population. The fish grew up through three vegetation seasons and at the end a sample of 331 fish was examined for biometrical traits (standard length, body weight, relative head length, relative body height, relative body width), percent fat and processing traits (% processed body, % fillets with skin, % fillets without skin). It was shown that sex had a significant effect on most traits: females were larger and fatter than males, and they had both higher percent processed body and percent fillet with skin. Standard length, body weight, percent fat and relative head length had a high heritability (> 0.5), while relative body height, relative body width, percent processed body and fillet yields had a medium heritability (0.2–0.5). We found relatively high positive genetic correlations between body size (standard length and body weight) and percent fat (0.71 and 0.59, respectively), favourable genetic correlations between body size and percent processed body (0.69 for standard length and 0.74 for body weight) and between body size and fillet yields (0.50–0.77). Genetic correlations between body size and body shape (relative head length, relative body height and relative body width) were weak to moderate, thus selection for better growth should have little impact towards more rotund shape. Relative head length had strong negative correlation (− 0.7 to − 0.9) with percent fat, percent processed body and percent fillet yields. This means that indirect selection for reduced relative head length should be effective in improving of fillet yield.     

肉兔血浆AKP、GPT活性与生产性能关系的研究

对新西兰白兔、加利福尼亚兔、布列塔尼亚兔(A系)、齐卡兔(G系)、布列塔尼亚兔(A系,♂)×新西兰白兔(♀)、布列塔尼亚兔(A系)(♂)×加利福尼亚兔(♀)、齐卡兔(G系)(♂)×新西兰白兔(♀)、齐卡兔(G系)(♂)×加利福尼亚兔(♀)100日龄血浆碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性,及其与100日龄体重、平均日增重和料重比的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:齐卡兔(G系)、齐卡兔(G系)(♂)×新西兰白兔(♀)、布列塔尼亚兔(A系)血浆AKP活性显著高于新西兰白兔、加利福尼亚兔、布列塔尼亚兔(A系)(♂)×加利福尼亚兔(♀)(P<0.05)。加利福尼亚兔血浆GPT活性显著高于齐卡兔(G系)(♂)×加利福尼亚兔(♀),其它六个品种(或组合)兔之间差异不显著。八个品种(或组合)兔血浆AKP活性与100日龄体重、平均日增重均呈正相关,总相关系数均达极显著水平(P<0.01),与料重比呈负相关,相关不显著。八个品种(或组合)兔血浆GPT活性与100日龄体重、平均日增重基本上呈负相关,且总相关系数达显著或极显著水平,与料重比基本上呈正相关,总相关系数不显著。     

Efficiency of capture of tench, Tinca tinca L. by trammel nets of monofilament and multifilament net twine combinations

Efficiencies of different trammel net types on capture of tench, Tinca tinca L. were investigated in Lake Beyşehir in Turkey between April 1998 and August 1999. Nets with an inner wall of monofilament and outer walls of multifilament (type A) were more efficient than the other net types (type B, monofilament inner and outer walls; type C, multifilament inner wall and monofilament outer walls; and D, multifilament inner and outer walls). Type A nets were 2.08, 1.79 and 1.08 times more effective than the types D, C and B for catching tench. Monofilament inner walls of trammel nets were on average 1.85 times more effective than multifilament inner walls. No significant difference in catching efficiency of monofilament and multifilament outer walls was found ( P >0.05). The average size of tench caught in monofilament trammel nets was higher than those caught in multifilament trammel nets, although not significantly different.