共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 69 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
研究了浒苔对Pb2+的生物吸附能力及不同浓度Pb2+对浒苔的叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b比值、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的影响。试验结果表明,暴露72h后,浒苔对Pb2+的去除率平均为(84.44±0.99)%,本试验范围内呈先升后降的趋势。叶绿素a、b含量在Pb2+不同质量浓度处理下呈现一定波动,但叶绿素a/b的比值变化不大。可溶性糖含量与空白对照相比总体上增加,而蛋白质含量总体上略有减少,但两者均有随着Pb2+质量浓度不断上升先升后降的趋势。浒苔对Pb2+具有较好的去除率和一定的生理抗性,可以用作低质量浓度含铅废水的去除。 相似文献
4.
低温、低光照强度对扁浒苔生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究低温、低光照强度对浒苔生长和光合作用参数的影响,设置不同的光照强度和温度培养条件,对设定条件下中国漂浮浒苔种类扁浒苔(Ulvacompessa)的特定生长率进行测定,并利用Phyto-PAM荧光仪测定了低温和低光照强度条件下浒苔最大光量子产量Fv/Fm。结果表明,低温和低光照强度对扁浒苔生长的影响极显著(P0.01),且两者存在显著的交互作用(P0.05)。方差分析表明,扁浒苔在7.5℃、10℃和12.5℃条件下的特定生长率差异不显著(P0.05),但显著高于5℃的特定生长率,显著低于15℃的特定生长率(P0.05);当光照强度为10μmol(/m2·s)、20μmol(/m2·s)和30μmol(/m2·s)时,扁浒苔生长率显著高于在4μmol(/m2·s)的生长率,显著低于在40μmol(/m2·s)的生长率(P0.05)。在实验范围内随温度和光强的升高,Fv/Fm有上升趋势,但显著低于对照水平(P0.05)。综合以上结果可知,扁浒苔在温度为5℃,光照强度为4μmol(/m2·s)条件下,仍然可保持4.32%/d的特定生长率,表明扁浒苔对低温和弱光具有一定耐受性,且温度和光照共同对扁浒苔的生长产生影响,在实验范围内温度和光照强度越高,扁浒苔生长越快,最大光量子产量Fv/Fm也随之提高。 相似文献
5.
对浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)的一般营养成分、氨基酸及脂肪酸含量进行测定, 并以浒苔为原料投喂体质量(5.26±0.14) g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)幼参, 与幼参常用饵料如鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、马尾藻(Sargassum muticum)、海带(Laminaria japonica)进行效果对比。营养成分检测结果显示, 浒苔蛋白质含量为15.7%, 其中含量较高的氨基酸有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸等; 脂肪含量低(1%), 多不饱和脂肪酸比例较高(0.24%); 浒苔中各重金属(无机砷、镉、铅、甲基汞)含量均低于国家相关限量标准。以4种海藻为饵料投喂幼参70 d后, 各组刺参幼参生长良好, 成活率无明显差异(P>0.05), 幼参体质量均显著增长(P<0.05); 各组刺参的特定生长率(SGR)由高到低依次为鼠尾藻组、浒苔组、马尾藻组、海带组; 摄食率(IR)由高到低依次为海带、马尾藻、浒苔、鼠尾藻, 饵料转化率(FE)由高到低依次为鼠尾藻组、浒苔组、马尾藻组、海带组。浒苔、鼠尾藻、马尾藻3个投喂组刺参幼参特定生长(SGR)无显著差异(P>0.05), 但显著高于海带组(P<0.05)。本研究说明, 浒苔蛋白含量高、脂肪含量低, 可全部或部分替代鼠尾藻添加到幼参饵料。
6.
为了评估浒苔(Ulva prolifera)对养殖废水的净化效果,本文研究了4个温度水平(22.5℃、25.5℃、28.5℃和31.5℃)和3种氮源(NH4Cl、NaNO2和NaNO3)下,浒苔对工厂化养殖水环境的适应能力及其净化效果。结果显示,96 h内4个温度处理组浒苔对总氨氮(TAN,包括NH4+-N和NH3)的平均吸收速率分别为14.65、14.88、14.48和13.53 μmol/(g?h),144 h内温度各处理组对亚硝态氮(NO2–-N)的平均吸收速率分别为11.28、10.48、9.11和8.38 μmol/(g?h),144 h内各温度处理组对硝态氮(NO3–-N)的平均吸收速率分别为9.41、8.62、8.80和7.35 μmol/(g?h);温度对浒苔的生长速率有极显著的影响(P<0.01),而氮源对浒苔的生长速率有显著影响(P<0.05);在相同氮源条件下,浒苔的生长速率随着温度的升高而逐渐降低;在相同温度条件下,氮源为氨氮(NH4+-N)时,浒苔的生长速率大于氮源为NO2–-N和NO3–-N的生长速率;温度和氮源对浒苔叶绿素a的含量影响不显著(P>0.05),氮源为NH4+-N和NO2–-N时,随着温度的升高,浒苔中叶绿素a的含量均有升高的趋势,而氮源为NO3–-N时,浒苔中叶绿素a的含量呈先降低再升高的趋势;温度和氮源对浒苔中类胡萝卜素的含量均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。随着温度的升高,各处理组浒苔中类胡萝卜素的含量均呈升高的趋势,其中,在28.5℃和31.5℃条件下,NO3–-N处理组浒苔类胡萝卜素的含量明显高于其他各处理组(P<0.05)。研究表明,温度在22.5℃~31.5℃范围内,浒苔可以有效吸收TAN、NO2–-N和NO3–-N等对虾工厂化养殖废水中的营养盐,浒苔对NH4+-N的吸收速率最大,但随着水温的升高,浒苔对NH4+-N、NO2–-N和NO3–-N的吸收速率均呈降低的趋势。 相似文献
7.
为探讨海藻酸钠与浒苔多糖的协同作用,本研究首次以海藻酸钠和浒苔多糖为基材,甘油为增塑剂制备生物降解复合膜,探究了海藻酸钠与浒苔多糖质量比、共混溶液总浓度、甘油含量对复合膜拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过率和水溶性的影响,同时,利用扫描电子显微镜技术(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)进行微观结构表征。结果显示,海藻酸钠与浒苔多糖之间具有良好的相容性和协同作用,无明显的相分离现象。组分质量比、共混总浓度和甘油含量均对膜性能有较大影响,其中,质量比影响最显著,添加适量浒苔多糖可提高海藻酸钠膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,降低海藻酸钠膜的水蒸气透过率,但膜水溶性略微提高。在组分质量比为8∶2时,膜拉伸强度从99.22 MPa增加到108.41 MPa,断裂伸长率从5.14%增加到6.20%,水蒸气透过率从6.445×10–11 g/(m·s·Pa)降低到6.027×10–11 g/(m·s·Pa),复合膜的综合性能达到最优。进一步优化了共混总浓度和甘油含量,最佳共混总浓度为1.6%(m/v),最佳甘油含量为0.9%(m/v)。本研究表明,浒苔多糖的添加增强了海藻酸钠膜的机械性能和阻隔性能。 相似文献
8.
为研究低温、低光照强度对浒苔生长和光合作用参数的影响,设置不同的光照强度和温度培养条件,对设定条件下中国漂浮浒苔种类扁浒苔（Ulva compessa）的特定生长率进行测定,并利用Phyto-PAM荧光仪测定了低温和低光照强度条件下浒苔最大光量子产量Fv/Fm。结果表明,低温和低光照强度对扁浒苔生长的影响极显著（P<0.01）且两者存在显著的交互作用（P<0.05） 方差分析表明,扁浒苔在7.5℃、 ℃和12.5℃条件下的特定生长率差异不显著（P>0.05）但显著高于5℃的特定生长率,显著低于15℃的特定生长率（P<0.05） 当光照强度为10 μmol/（m2·s）20 μmol/（m2·s）和30 μmol/（m2·s）时,扁浒苔生长率显著高于在4 μmol/（m2·s）的生长率,显著低于在40 μmol/（m2·s）的生长率（P<0.05）在实验范围内随温度和光强的升高,Fv/Fm有上升趋势,但显著低于对照水平（P<0.05）。综合以上结果可知,扁浒苔在温度为5℃,光照强度为4 μmol/（m2·s）条件下,仍然可保持4.32%/d的特定生长率,表明扁浒苔对低温和弱光具有一定耐受性,且温度和光照共同对扁浒苔的生长产生影响,在实验范围内温度和光照强度越高,扁浒苔生长越快,最大光量子产量Fv/Fm也随之提高。
9.
通过比较不同温度和光照强度对浒苔(Ulva prolifera)孢子/配子放散和萌发的影响,来探究适合浒苔孢子/配子放散和萌发的温度和光照强度。实验结果表明,适宜浒苔孢子/配子放散的温度和光照强度范围分别为20~30℃和180~300μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。在温度25℃、光照强度240μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)时,浒苔孢子/配子的放散量最大。浒苔孢子/配子萌发的适宜温度和光照强度分别为15~25℃和40~160μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),最适温度和光照强度分别为20℃和120μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。本实验揭示了黄海绿潮优势种浒苔繁殖与生长的环境响应过程,为进一步探索黄海绿潮暴发机制提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
One of the major challenges in marine fish culture is how to provide live food of adequate size and nutritional quality for first‐feeding larvae. Commonly used live food organisms, rotifers and brine shrimp, may not always be the best option. To determine the suitability of different zooplankton in the larviculture of Elacatinus figaro, three diets were tested: RE – rotifers Brachionus sp. (10 ind mL?1)+ciliate Euplotes sp. (10 ind mL?1), enriched with fatty acids; RC – enriched rotifers (10 ind mL?1)+wild copepod nauplii (10 ind mL?1); and R – enriched rotifers (20 ind mL?1). Survival rates were estimated 10 days after hatch (DAH) for the three test groups, and growth rates were evaluated for RE and R at 10 and 20 DAH. Although survival rate was numerically higher for the RC diet (41.1±14.2%), no significant difference was detected between groups fed RE (20.5±18.1%), RC or R (32.1±16.5%). At 10 DAH, the growth rate was significantly higher in RC (5.7±0.6 mm) than in R (4.6±0.5 mm), a trend that was also observed at 20 DAH for RC (8.6±0.5 mm) and R (5.8±0.7 mm) (P<0.05). E. figaro larvae fed on ciliates did not show satisfactory results, whereas feeding copepod nauplii enhanced growth. 相似文献
13.
运用溶菌酶和蜗牛酶破细胞壁,PEG和Ca^2 促融的方法完成了诺卡氏菌和假丝酵母的跨界融合,得到具有亲本优势的融合细胞二株：GW01和GW02,通过菌落形态比较,抗生素抗性鉴定,耐热性和耐酸性比较,生长速率对比的分析,可确定其为真正的融合细胞,融合细胞较亲本细胞对水体和水质的适应范围更广,降解速率更快,能大幅去除养殖水体环境中的COD,NH4^ ,NO2^-,PO4^3-等,稳定pH,提高水中DO及水体生态环境中微生物和浮游生物的生物多样性,减少换水量,从而改善养殖生态环境,促进养殖生产。 相似文献
14.
Elena N. Kashinskaya Evgeniy P. Simonov Galina I. Izvekova Aleksey N. Parshukov Karl B. Andree Mikhail M. Solovyev 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(1):23-38
Using the approach of sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, we have analysed the bacterial diversity associated with the distinct compartments of the gastrointestinal tract of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and cestodes (Proteocephalus sp.) parasitizing their digestive tract. The dominant microbiota associated with cestodes (Proteocephalus sp.) was represented by bacteria from the genera Serratia, Pseudomonas and Mycoplasma. By comparing the associated microbiota of perch and cestodes, a clear difference in bacterial composition and diversity was revealed between the community from the stomach content and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract of fish. Microbiota associated with cestodes was not significantly different in comparison with microbiota of different subcompartments of perch (mucosa and content of intestine and pyloric caeca) (ADONIS, p > .05) excluding microbiota of stomach content (ADONIS, p ≤ .05). PICRUSt-based functional assessments of the microbial communities of perch and cestodes indicated that they mainly linked in terms of metabolism and environmental information processing and could play an important role in the nutrition and health of host. 相似文献
15.
目的为实现柳珊瑚资源恢复,移植和增殖是一种有效途径,前提是需要了解柳珊瑚的生态习性,本研究开展了温度、盐度和光照三种环境因子实验,以探明断枝移植的柳珊瑚对不同环境因子的适应性。方法以2021年7月在中街山列岛海洋特别保护区内采集的各80株白色 (东海小月柳珊瑚)和红色 (东海软柳珊瑚)珊瑚为研究对象。在室内条件下,利用两点法和Duncan氏法分析了柳珊瑚在4个不同时间点 (7:00、11:00、15:00、19:00)、5个不同温度梯度 (10、15、20、25和30 °C)、6个不同盐度梯度 (10、15、20、25、30、35)和4种不同光照类型 (蓝光、蓝白光、白光、室内自然光)条件下的存活率和开放等级状况,揭示柳珊瑚的最佳生存条件。结果①东海小月柳珊瑚和东海软柳珊瑚体内的珊瑚虫均在19:00活跃;②实验组东海小月柳珊瑚适宜生存温度和盐度分别为21.9~26.9 °C和17.7~24.4,成活率分别为90.8%和85.1%,且对蓝白光源敏感,温度和光照开放等级Ⅲ级以上占比分别为57.9%和40.2%;③实验组东海软柳珊瑚适宜生存盐度为24.4~34.6,成活率高达95.4%,对白光敏感,盐度和光照开放等级Ⅲ级以上占比分别为23.4%和54.1%;④一旦两种柳珊瑚接受的光照超过适宜范围,均会呈现烧焦状态。结论两种不同的柳珊瑚在断枝移植的情况下对不同环境因子有一定的适应性,断枝移植的东海小月柳珊瑚存活率和开放等级状况明显高于东海软柳珊瑚。存活率和开放等级两个参数可以表征柳珊瑚在不同环境因子下的健康状态,研究结果可为柳珊瑚生态修复和资源养护提供理论依据。 相似文献
16.
17.
The aim of the study was to investigate the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of defatted biomass derived from microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. and Desmodesmus sp. when fed to Atlantic salmon postsmolts in seawater. Two experiments, one employing cold‐pelleted and the other employing extruded pellets, were carried out to determine the ADC of dry matter (DM), protein, ash and energy. The test feeds consisted of a fishmeal‐based reference feed and the algal biomass, at a ratio of 70:30, and yttrium oxide as the inert marker. The ADC of DM and protein in fish fed microalgae‐incorporated cold‐pelleted feeds were significantly higher for Nannochloropsis sp. compared with Desmodesmus sp. The Nannochloropsis sp. inclusion in extruded feeds also led to higher ADCs of DM and energy compared with Desmodesmus sp. The extrusion processing significantly increased the ADC of ash in both defatted microalgae biomass, as well as ADCs of DM in Nannochloropsis and protein in Desmodesmus sp. In conclusion, the microalga Nannochloropsis sp. was more digestible than Desmodesmus sp., and extrusion processing can be used as a means to improve digestibility of certain nutrients. 相似文献
18.
Hong‐Li Song Bei‐Ping Tan Shu‐Yan Chi Yao Liu M A Kabir Chowdhury Xiao‐Hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2550-2560
The effects of a dietary protease‐complex on growth performance, body composition, digestive and immune enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei and its resistance to a pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus were assessed in a 9‐week trial. A high fish meal diet (HF) containing 200 g kg?1 fish meal and a low fish meal diet (LF) containing 100 g kg?1 fish meal were designed as a positive and negative control respectively. Three other diets (LF+125P, LF+150P, and LF+175P) were manufactured by supplementing graded level of a protease‐complex (125, 150 and 175 mg kg?1, respectively) to the LF diet. All diets were formulated to be iso‐proteic and iso‐energetic. Most performance indices of shrimp fed the LF+175P diets were similar to the HF diet. Among the digestive enzymes, trypsin, lipase and amylase activity in hepatopancreas of shrimp fed LF+175P diets (4576 U mg?1 protein and 16, 32 U g?1 protein, respectively) were higher than those fed the LF diets but lower than the HF diets (P < 0.05). Total superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase contents in both serum and hepatopancreas were higher and serum malondialdehyde content and the cumulative mortality during disease challenge tests were lower for the diets containing the protease‐complex than those fed the LF diets (P < 0.05) with no difference with those fed the HF diets. 相似文献
19.
Three soft coral cuttings (finger soft coral, Sinularia sp.; black finger soft coral, Cladiella sp. and leather mushroom soft coral, Sarcophyton sp.) were selected to distinguish among the effects of five methods of attachment (adhering, containing, impaling, tethering and a natural attachment method used as a control) in a recirculating seawater system on healing time, time of self‐attachment, development of the cuttings and final survival. Three replicate and 30 cuttings per replicate (n = 30) were used for each treatment and the experimental period was 70 days. The results showed that the cuttings of Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp. and Cladiella sp. had already healed the wound area with pigmentation between 7 and 12 days for all the methods of attachment. The shortest time of self‐attachment for the Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp., and Cladiella sp. cuttings was obtained in the impaling method, with average values of 8.2 ± 0.9 days, 6.1 ± 0.1 days and 9.00 ± 0.8 days respectively. At the end of the experiment, the highest average final survival values of the Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp. and Cladiella sp. cuttings were obtained in the impaling method (86.7 ± 5.7%), the containing method (93.3 ± 5.7%) and the containing method (53.3 ± 5.7%), respectively. It was concluded from the study that the suitable methods of attachment for each soft coral were different and these methods are available for use in targeted propagation farms for restoration purposes. 相似文献
20.
本实验以大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼[(39.69±0.25) g]为研究对象,探究由裂壶藻(Schizochytrium sp.)和拟微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis sp.)组成的混合微藻替代鱼油对幼鱼生长性能、体组成、肠道消化水平及抗氧化能力的影响,以确定混合微藻替代鱼油的适宜比例。通过在基础饲料中添加不同比例的混合微藻,分别替代0、25%、50%和100%的鱼油,制成4组等氮等脂的实验饲料(分别命名为D1、D2、D3和D4),每组饲料设3个重复,实验周期为12周。结果显示,随替代比例的提高,大菱鲆幼鱼的增重率(WGR)和饲料效率(FE)呈下降趋势,D1、D2和D3组的特定生长率(SGR)和FE无显著性差异,但均显著高于D4组(P<0.05);肝体比(HSI)在D1组达到最大值,且显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);存活率(SR)和肥满度(CF)在各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着混合微藻替代鱼油比例的升高,全鱼和肌肉粗脂肪含量呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,且D4组显著低于D1组(P<0.05);大菱鲆幼鱼鱼体中C20:4n-6和n-6 PUFA含量显著升高,在D4组均达到最大值,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。而EPA、DHA和n-3 PUFA含量随之显著下降,对照组(D1)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);肌肉中C20:4n-6和DHA含量在不同实验组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),EPA和n-3 PUFA含量呈显著降低趋势(P<0.05)。肠道脂肪酶活力在D3组达到最大值,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),肠道胰蛋白酶活力也是在D3组最高,但与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与D1组相比,D3组肠道中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、溶菌酶(LZM)活力和补体C3含量均显著升高(P<0.05)。肠道中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力随替代比例的提高呈先升高后降低的趋势,均在D3组达到最大值,显著高于D1组(P<0.05),而肠道中丙二醛(MDA)含量在不同实验组间并未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,混合微藻替代50%的鱼油并不会对大菱鲆幼鱼的生长性能产生负面影响,同时可以提高肠道的消化性能、抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫能力。 相似文献