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1.
在福建宁德三都澳大黄鱼主养区,开展全程分别投喂市场反馈好、销量较大的某3种品牌大黄鱼配合饲料及(鲜杂鱼糜+A)饲养大黄鱼的对比试验。经过2年多来的应用试验,结果表明:配合饲料的诱食效果优于鲜杂鱼糜;大黄鱼养成投喂粗蛋白含量≥46.0%的配合饲料的养殖效果、经济效益与投喂(鲜杂鱼糜料+A)差异不显著(P0.05),但大黄鱼成活率显著提高;粗蛋白含量≥46.0%的优质配合饲料可以完全替代传统的(鲜杂鱼糜+优质配合饲料),可在大黄鱼养殖生产上大规模推广应用。  相似文献   

2.
吴文婵 《福建水产》2014,(3):247-250
为比较研究网箱养殖大黄鱼过程中分别投喂软质饲料与鲜杂鱼饵料的养殖效果,2011年5月于福建省马鼻玉井网箱养殖海区,选取平均规格为152 g/尾的大黄鱼,经过60 d的饲养,试验组全投软质饲料,对照组全投鲜杂鱼。结果显示:试验组与对照组每尾平均体重分别为256.9 g、231.3 g,饲料系数分别为2.505、7.306,大黄鱼每增重1 kg所需的饲料成本分别为15元、19.7元,投喂软质饲料进行饲养可节省成本4.7元。结果表明:投喂软质饲料的养殖效果优于鲜杂鱼,存活率更高,更具环保等综合效益。  相似文献   

3.
根据大黄鱼网箱养殖区的实际条件和大黄鱼的营养需求,以提高饲料利用率、促鱼生长、减少环境污染、易制作为目的,将研制的大黄鱼软颗粒干粉料与常用的鲜杂鱼糜以8∶5比例混合,配以0.4%的鱼肝油,通过水产湿颗粒饲料压制机压制成软颗粒饲料,并用A、B、C、D等4种不同成分含量的软颗粒饲料与鲜杂鱼糜分别投喂大黄鱼进行养殖效果比较试验。结果表明:研制的粒径0.4~1.0 cm的软颗粒饲料,圆柱体外观光滑,无开裂现象,切口整齐;保持鲜杂鱼固有风味,无腐败、霉变及其它异味;水中稳定性良好,沉降速度8.3 cm/s;其诱食效果优于鲜杂鱼糜;投喂大黄鱼,其养殖效果及经济效益优于投喂冰鲜饵料,尤其是其中的D组料(相对增重率81.0%,饲料系数1.81),效果尤其显著,可推广使用。  相似文献   

4.
不同蛋白水平饲料对台湾东风螺生长性能和体组成的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以优质鱼粉、豆粕等原料制成蛋白质含量不同的6组饲料(粗蛋白含量分别为48.16%、45.64%、40.67%、35.68%、30.80%、25.96%),喂养台湾东风螺47 d,以投喂鲜杂鱼组作为对照,分别于15、27、37、47 d测定螺高、螺宽、螺体重等生长指标,计算不同处理组在不同时间段(27、37、47 d)的饲料系数和蛋白质效率,试验结束后测定东风螺螺肉的体组成和氨基酸含量,研究结果表明:投喂颗粒饲料比投喂鲜杂鱼的饲料系数显著高;而当颗粒饲料中蛋白质含量变化(25%~48%)时,对东风螺生长性能并无显著影响。但随着饲料蛋白含量的增加,东风螺对饲料的利用率在一定程度上有所提高。当饲料中粗蛋白含量低于25%时,47 d时其饲料系数2.3,显著高于其他饲料组;蛋白质效率1.74显著低于蛋白含量48.16%饲料组。从东风螺生长性能和饲料利用分析,颗粒饲料中蛋白质含量不应低于25%。所有组东风螺螺肉的粗蛋白、脂肪,总氨基酸组成均无显著差异,但是一些中性氨基酸(如亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和丙氨酸)和精氨酸随着饲料蛋白含量的降低而呈现出降低趋势,部分组产生了显著差异。投喂颗粒饲料的东方螺生长不如投喂鲜杂鱼组。  相似文献   

5.
本文首次报道用鲜杂鱼全部代替进口鱼粉制成的配合饲料进行池塘养成鱼的试验。试验结果为,投喂野杂鱼饲料平均亩产鱼383.9kg,亩成本为1576.5元,亩盈利为584.78元,饲料转换率为58.1%,饲料产投比为3.72,比进口鱼粉饲料成本降低19%,亩成本降低15.5%。开发鲜杂鱼代替鱼粉是养鱼饲料中又一廉价优质的动物蛋白源。  相似文献   

6.
1饵料选择与投喂 梭子蟹和小白虾的摄食有差异,小白虾的摄食对象主要以植物性饵料和藻类为主,梭子蟹前期以低级贝类、中期以小杂鱼、后期以合成饵料为主,小杂鱼为辅。  相似文献   

7.
为了在浙南海水网箱养殖中推广配合饲料,选择浙南海水网箱主养鱼类品种鲈鱼、大黄鱼、美国红鱼、黄姑鱼等进行配合饲料、冰鲜小杂鱼投喂养殖对比试验。试验结果:投喂冰鲜小杂鱼的饲料系数为8.22~10.21,投喂配合饲料的饲料系数为1.28~2.64;投喂配合饲料养成每千克鱼的平均饲料成本为18.63元,养成每千克鱼的总成本为25.64元;当小杂鱼的价格为每千克2.08元时,投喂小杂鱼和投喂配合饲料养殖每千克鱼的饲料成本相同,均为18.64元。试验结果表明,投喂配合饲料同样能养好海水鱼,冰鲜小杂鱼的价格是配合饲料推广的关键因素。  相似文献   

8.
施学文 《福建水产》2013,35(4):307-311
为了比较两种饲料对真鲷感染刺激隐核虫的影响,试验设置试验组(Ⅰ组)和对照组(Ⅱ组),每组设3个平行试验,采用6口室内水泥池养殖真鲷3 000尾,每口投放平均体重70.0 g/尾的真鲷500尾;试验组和对照组分别投喂软颗粒饲料与鲜杂鱼糜。结果表明:真鲷在试验期间投喂软颗粒饲料和鲜杂鱼糜之后均有感染刺激隐核虫,但两者之间感染刺激隐核虫数差异显著(P<0.05),即投喂鲜杂鱼糜比投喂软颗粒饲料更容易引起刺激隐核虫的蔓延和暴发;感染刺激隐核虫的部位主要集中于鱼体鳃丝和体表。  相似文献   

9.
郭敏莉 《科学养鱼》1997,(11):17-17
成虾养殖的中期管理工作主要包括投饵、施肥、水质调控以及日常管理。一、饲料与投喂进人七月以后,随着虾个体增长、摄食量不断增加,饲料投喂一定要跟上,不能再依靠天然饵料生物。1.饲料罗氏沼虾的饲料主要有颗粒饲料、杂鱼、蚯蚓及其他动物碎肉等。养殖前期以颗粒饲料为主,适当搭配杂鱼虾等动物性饵料。颗粒饲料蛋白质含量一般为35%~40%,随虾体增大不断降低。原料有鱼粉、饼类、添加剂和15%左右的面粉(作粘合剂),如自己加工饲料,可用鲜杂鱼代替鱼粉。八月份以后要加大动物性饵料比重。2.投喂日投喂三次,即6:00、16:00、2…  相似文献   

10.
石斑鱼属肉食性鱼类,以前投喂的饵料主要是鲜度较高的小杂鱼。随着其养殖业的迅速发展,饵料鱼的供应也日趋紧张,国家相关渔业管理条例规定要求逐步禁止在水产养殖上使用鲜杂鱼(冰鲜杂鱼),未来几年将严禁直接使用鲜杂鱼(冰鲜杂鱼),推广人工配合饲料喂养石斑鱼势在必行。当前,石斑鱼养殖业主要采用的饲(饵)料有:鲜杂鱼(冰鲜杂鱼)、硬颗粒沉料、软颗粒料。不同形状的饲料有不同的饲养效果,  相似文献   

11.
The aquafeed development has been initiated for horseshoe crabs in captivity. However, much of the attentions were to the juveniles for their widely used in research. Until recently, the research had incorporated the adult horseshoe crabs. This study aims to 1) determine the best alternative feeds for adult males of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, 2) measure the acceptance rate of feed, and 3) feeding utilization. Three semi‐moist pellets were either developed or purchased: fish (Decapterus russeli) and cockle (Anadara granosa) pellets (A), fish pellets (B) and keropok pellets (C). Natural feeds act as control: cockle, Anadara granosa (D) and fish, D. russeli (E). The horseshoe crabs were fed daily for 5 weeks and were analysed on their feed percentage consumption, body weight changes, feeding rate (FR), absorption efficiency (AE), feeding conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). Feed A was consumed the most (56.21%) with the highest FR (1.88%). It was influenced by the pellet's hardness, where horseshoe crabs favoured softer pellets. Body weight changes, FCR and SGR also showed a similar trend of favouring alternative feed over natural feed. Alternative feeds served a better feed than the natural feed and can be an option for future natural feed replacement for adult horseshoe crabs in captivity. Alternative feed served a better diet than the natural feed and Feed B served the best feed among the three alternative feeds with good C. rotundicauda growth performance and the feed itself is cost‐wise.  相似文献   

12.
Nutritional qualities of fish processing by‐products can further be improved through enzymatic hydrolysis. The objective of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of hydrolysed milkfish offal at different inclusion levels when fed to juvenile grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, with an initial body weight of 2.88 ± 0.06 g. The animals were fed for 56 days with seven diets supplemented with 0 (control), 5%, 15% and 25% of milkfish offal (MO) and milkfish offal hydrolysate (MOH). The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (11%). The diets were assigned to 21 tanks (15 fish per tank) with each diet having three replicates. Results from the experimental trials indicated that feed conversion efficiency, feed intake and weight gain of fish significantly (P < 0.05) improved when fed diets with MOH. No significant differences within the rest of the dietary treatments were observed. Survival rate (>90%) did not differ in all the dietary treatments. Proximate composition (crude protein, crude fat and ash) indicated no significant difference among fish fed from all the dietary treatments. Apparent digestibility of MOH indicated a 95% and 66% digestibility for protein and dry matter respectively. Plasma stress parameters (cortisol and glucose) were not influenced by the dietary treatment when fish were subjected to an acute stressor (5‐min chasing). Liver morphology indicated normal hepatocyte shape and the presence of lipid droplets in fish fed from all the dietary treatments. The results indicated that milkfish offal processed as hydrolysate can be utilized in grouper diets and can promote growth and feed efficiency when supplied at 10–15%.  相似文献   

13.
为了探究中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)最适宜的投喂时间,本实验将120只初重约68 g的幼蟹随机分养在24个塑料缸(70 cm×40 cm×50 cm)中。采用一次饱食投喂(将昼夜分为8个时间点:10:00、13:00、16:00、19:00、22:00、01:00、04:00、07:00,每个时间段作为1个处理组,每天每个处理组饱食投喂1次)的方法研究中华绒螯蟹的昼夜摄食节律。结果显示,幼蟹在不同投喂时间点表现出24 h周期性的摄食节律,且总摄食高峰期在22:00。从其中6d的平均摄食量可以看出,河蟹主要在19:00~22:00时间段摄食;在肝胰腺酶活性方面,淀粉酶活性在19:00~22:00内高于其他各组,且在22:00获得最高值;脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶和钠钾ATP酶酶活性有相似的变化趋势,在13:00~22:00时间段这些酶的酶活呈现上升的趋势,且最高值均在22:00获得。在相关摄食基因表达方面,肝胰腺中Leptin基因的相对表达量在22:00点显著低于13:00和16:00,与其他各组相比差异不显著(P0.05);肠道中胆囊收缩素(CCK)基因的相对表达量在22:00点显示出最低值,与10:00、13:00、04:00和07:00点相比差异显著(P0.05)。综上所述,中华绒螯蟹存在明显的摄食节律,这可能与光照紧密相关,最适宜的投喂时间为22:00。  相似文献   

14.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary docosahexaenoic to eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) ratios on growth performance, survival and fatty acid composition of juvenile swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated to contain different DHA/EPA ratios (0.70, 0.84, 1.06 and 1.25). There were three replicates (15 crabs per replicate) for each diet treatment. The crabs were fed (about 6–8% body weight) twice daily for 8 weeks. A good growth performance and feed utilization were observed in swimming crabs fed the diets with DHA/EPA ratios of 0.70 and 0.84. Crabs fed diet with 0.70 DHA/EPA ratio showed a significantly higher weight gain (WG) compared with the crabs fed the diet with DHA/EPA ratio of 1.25 (P < 0.05). The result of this study showed that the survival increased with decreasing the ratio of DHA/EPA. The DHA/EPA ratios in polar lipid from tissues were influenced by the dietary DHA/EPA ratios. Results of this study indicated that the growth performance and survival of juvenile swimming crab are correlated to the DHA/EPA ratio in the diets, and the best growth performance and survival were achieved with the ratios of 0.70–0.84.  相似文献   

15.
To examine the effects of different feeding frequencies, moist and dry feeds on the growth of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus Lacépède and on water quality of freshwater ponds, two experiments were conducted. In one experiment, fish stocked at the same densities were subjected to three different feeding regimes using equal quantities of feed. Water quality was monitored and fish growth in the different treatments was compared. To determine the effects of moist and dry feeds, fish growth and water quality in one set of ponds fed with 5% body weight of dry feed were compared to those in another set of ponds stocked at the same rate but fed with 5% body weight of moist feed. Feeding once a day produced the greatest weight gain but fish fed once on alternate days had the best feed conversion, which was associated with pond water that had the highest dissolved oxygen. This suggests that feeding once on alternate days could be adopted as a strategy for feeding fish under unfavourable conditions. Water quality of ponds holding fish fed dry feed was better than that of ponds holding fish fed moist feed, as indicated by oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia contents. A highly significant difference in growth (P < 0.01) was found between fish fed moist and dry with feeds: fish performed better when fed with dry feeds.  相似文献   

16.
A factorial (3 × 4) feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding frequency and feed type on the growth performance, feed utilization and body proximate composition of juvenile olive flounder. Three feed types including a sinking moist pellet (MP), a sinking dry pellet (DP) and a floating extruded pellet (EP) were used. Fish (average weight, 11.1 ± 0.4 g) were randomly distributed in thirty‐six 300 L tanks in a flowthrough system. Triplicate groups (30 fish per tank) of fish were fed each feed type to visual satiation at three meals per day, two meals per day, one meal per day and one meal every 2 days for 7 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the survival of fish was not significantly different among the treatments. Weight gain was affected by the feeding frequency. The highest weight gain was observed in fish fed the EP at three meals per day. The daily feed intake of fish fed the MP and DP tended to be higher than that of fish fed the EP at each feeding frequency. The feed efficiency and the protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the EP were higher than those of fish fed the MP and DP. The body proximate composition of fish was altered by the feeding frequency. The crude lipid content increased with the increase in the feeding frequency. The present findings suggest that three feedings per day at visual satiation of the floating EP may be sufficient for the maximal growth performance of olive flounder grown from 11 to 60 g.  相似文献   

17.
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacement of fish oil (FO) with blending vegetable oils (VOs) on growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activities and fatty acid composition in tissue of swimming crab Portunustrituberculatus. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain VOs (colza oil: palm oil: linseed oil = 4:2:1) to replace 0 (the control diet), 250, 500, 750 and 1000 g/kg of FO (defined D0, D25, D50, D75, D100). Three hundred juvenile swimming crabs (initial weight 2.34 ± 0.08 g) were randomly stocked and sorted into 300 individual rectangle plastic baskets in three cement pools. Each treatment has three replicates, one replicate has 20 swimming crabs, and each diet fed 60 crabs distributed in 60 baskets. The results indicated that crabs fed the control diet showed significantly higher survival, final body weight, per cent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate and moulting frequency, crude protein and crude lipid contents in muscles than those fed the D75 and D100 VO diets (p < .05). Crabs fed the D25 VO diet showed significantly higher concentration of triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and total protein, activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) in haemolymph than those fed the control diet (p < .05). Fatty acid composition in hepatopancreas was positively correlated with dietary composition. In summary, based on the PWG, the optimal replacement of FO with VOs was estimated to be 250 g/kg. These findings demonstrated that swimming crabs make better use of FO than VOs.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract.— The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens , has the potential to reduce animal waste on livestock facilities and produce an animal-grade feedstuff high in protein and fat. The lipid content of insects is largely dependent on their diet. Data from this study suggest that black soldier fly prepupae incorporate α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) when fish offal is included in their diet. Fly larvae were fed three different proportions of fish offal and cow manure diets over a 21-d trial. An additional group of larvae were fed 22% fish offal diet within 24 h of their pupation. Larvae fed fish offal were, on average, 30% lipid, which was 43% more than the controls fed cow manure only, and approximately 3% of this lipid was omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA, and ALA). Furthermore, this concentration of omega-3 fatty acids was achieved within 24 h of feeding fish offal. These omega-3 fatty-acid-enhanced prepupae may be a suitable fish meal and fish oil replacement for carnivorous fish and other animal diets. In addition, they may provide a method of reducing and recycling fish offal from processing plants.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract Using underwater cameras, data were collected on the feeding behaviour and swimming speeds of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L., gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata L. and European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L. in sea cages. Comparisons were made between the behaviours of fish fed on demand using interactive feedback systems and those of fish fed under the standard feeding practice of each farm (control). In all three species, swimming speeds were similar before feeding , but they were significantly higher in the control regimes during feeding. When fed on demand, sea bass had reduced swimming speed just before and during feeding compared with that observed during the non‐feeding periods. Higher proportions of feeding fish were observed in the control regime cages than in fish fed on demand for all three species, indicating a greater feeding intensity during meals in the control regimes. This was further supported by observations of an increase in the density of sea bass in the upper water in the control cages during feeding. The results suggest decreased levels of competition between the on demand‐fed fish during feeding, which might be hypothesized to lead to improved growth and production efficiency in aquaculture.  相似文献   

20.
A 30‐day experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of phospholipids (PLs) on growth performance, survival, fatty acid profile and gene expression of the early juvenile (C1) swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus). Five semi‐purified diets were formulated with graded PLs levels (0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%). Each diet was fed to four replicates of crabs (30 crabs per replicate, initial weight: 8.4 ± 0.1 mg). In this study, crabs fed diets with 2%, 4% and 8% PLs had significantly higher survival rates than crabs fed with 0% and 1% PLs. Crabs fed diets with 0% and 1% PLs had significant lower weight gain (WG) than crabs fed with 8% PLs. But crabs fed with diets containing 2%, 4% and 8% PLs showed no significant difference in WG. Besides, the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in whole body was higher than that in diets, but the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content showed an opposite trend. The EPA and DHA content in whole body increased with the increase in dietary PLs. Moreover, the moulting number increased with the increasing dietary PLs levels, the lowest moulting number was observed in crabs fed diets without supplementation of PLs. The ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) was found to be significantly up‐regulated by PLs levels. This study demonstrated that 2% PLs could meet the requirement of early juvenile (C1) swimming crab based on the growth and survival. And 4%–8% PLs supplemented in diets could reduce the leaching of feed.  相似文献   

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