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1.
本文对2004年3—10月份采集的阿克苏河长身高原鳅的形态特征,生活习性,群体结构,繁殖特点,食性等生物学进行了初步的研究。长身高原鳅体长分布在3.4—12.1cm之间,体重分布在0.31—13.7g之间。W=0.0090293L^2.9666(r=0.970)。Fulton肥满度雌体平均为0.88,雄体平均为0.86;Clark肥满度雌体平均为0.61,雄体平均为0.64。雌体成熟个体最小体长为5.4cm。体重为1.4g。平均怀卵量2451粒/尾。食性以底栖动物,昆虫幼体等动物性饵料为主,其次是植物碎片和有机碎屑。  相似文献   

2.
对塔里木河阿拉尔段叶尔羌高原鳅[Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)]形态特征、体长分布、体重分布、体重与体长的关系以及肥满度进行了初步研究分析。结果表明,塔里木河野生叶尔羌高原鳅体长分布在5.2~22.5cm,体重分布在2.8~128.1g,体重与体长的关系式为W=0.0665L2.3813(r=0.8259),Fulton肥满度平均为1.2583。  相似文献   

3.
对塔里木河阿拉尔段叶尔羌高原鳅[Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)]形态特征、体长分布、体重分布、体重与体长的关系以及肥满度进行了初步研究分析。结果表明,塔里木河野生叶尔羌高原鳅体长分布在5.2~22.5cm,体重分布在2.8~128.1g,体重与体长的关系式为W=0.0665L2.3813(r=0.8259),Fulton肥满度平均为1.2583。  相似文献   

4.
白龙江上游黑体高原鳅生物学研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对2006年5~10月和2007年7~8月采于白龙江上游的200尾黑体高原鳅进行生物学研究.体长40.3~117.26mm,体重1.20~20.19g.脊椎骨数4 35~41 1.年龄可分为5个龄组,1龄→5龄数量表现为逐渐减少趋势.体重与体长呈显著的幂函数相关:W♂ ♀=0.0136L2.993,(R2=0.92).Fulton肥满度雌体平均为1.37,雄体平均为1.33;Clark肥满度雌体平均为0.96,雄体平均为1.03.幼体主要摄食摇蚊幼虫;成体主要摄食钩虾,蜘蛛和昆虫幼虫.雄鱼最小性成熟个体体长和体重分别为80.89mm和8.32g,性成熟系数为1.26%;雌鱼最小成熟个体体长为64.03mm,体重为2.71g,绝对怀卵量为942粒.绝对繁殖力波动在942~9200粒/尾之间,平均为3652粒/尾.  相似文献   

5.
赛里木湖新疆高原鳅种群结构研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
20 0 1年 6- 7月在新疆赛里木湖进行了新疆高原鳅种群结构的研究。共测量 32 2 4尾 ,1 7974g ,平均体重 5 6g ,体长波动在 2 1~ 1 6 1cm之间 ,平均体长 9 2cm ,雌雄比为1∶0 7,雌性群体体长、体重组成大于雄性。已经成为赛里木湖种群数量最多的鱼类  相似文献   

6.
本研究以耳石为年龄鉴定材料, 结合生物学测量数据, 利用函数拟合求得生长方程, 并解剖观察性腺发育情况, 对采自西藏哲古措的 1616 尾异尾高原鳅(Triplophysa stewarti)开展了年龄、生长及繁殖特性研究。结果发现, 所采集的异尾高原鳅年龄分布为 1~6 龄, 高龄个体较少。体长为 3.47~14.30 cm, 体重为 0.40~28.70 g, 生长特性符合 von Bertalanffy 生长方程: Lt=13.891[1?e?0.168(t+2.895)](R2 =0.940); Wt=28.179[1?e?0.168(t+2.895)] 3.0115(R2 =0.991)。拐点年龄为 3.65, 对应的体长和体重分别为 9.26 cm、8.31 g。异尾高原鳅雌雄性比为 1∶3.01, χ2 检验结果显示雌雄差异极显著(P<0.01)。Fulton 肥满度雄体平均为 1.07, 雌体平均为 1.03; Clark 肥满度雄体平均为 0.88, 雌体平均为 0.76。 异尾高原鳅 1 冬龄达到性成熟。雄性群体成熟系数为 1.57%, 雌性群体为 2.37%。绝对繁殖力为 1040~10176 粒/尾, 平均为 4397 粒/尾。研究结果, 哲古措异尾高原鳅年龄结构简单且低龄化, 生长缓慢, 肥满度低, 雌性个体性腺成熟系数低, 可能是受哲古措特殊的地理位置和生态环境等因素影响。本研究可为高原鳅属鱼类积累基础生物学资料, 并为藏南内流湖泊生态环境及渔业资源保护提供理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
按常规生物学方法,对长江铜陵段紫薄鳅(Leptobotia taeniops)的形态特征、体长与体重关系、肥满度、食性、繁殖等个体生物学特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,所取样本体长范围为6.81~12.40cm,体重范围为7.00~36.24g;体长与体重呈显著的幂函数关系:W=0.0348L2.7480(r=0.9090);为偏动物食性的杂食性鱼类。以体长8.00~10.00cm组的肥满度为高,雄性的Fulton肥满度随体长的逐渐增加而降低。性成熟年龄在1+~2+龄,4~7月份产卵繁殖,卵为半漂浮性。种群  相似文献   

8.
按常规生物学方法,对长江铜陵段紫薄鳅(Leptobotia taeniops)的形态特征、体长与体重关系、肥满度、食性、繁殖等个体生物学特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,所取样本体长范围为6.81~12.40cm,体重范围为7.00~36.24g;体长与体重呈显著的幂函数关系:W=0.0348L2.7480(r=0.9090);为偏动物食性的杂食性鱼类。以体长8.00~10.00cm组的肥满度为高,雄性的Fulton肥满度随体长的逐渐增加而降低。性成熟年龄在1+~2+龄,4~7月份产卵繁殖,卵为半漂浮性。种群性比为1:1.4,V期绝对怀卵量平均为2602粒,相对怀卵量平均为127粒/g,成熟卵的卵径达(1.47±0.10)mm。年龄分为3个组,其中2+龄个体占63.79%。  相似文献   

9.
刘利林  王帅 《中国水产》2011,(11):33-35
叶尔羌高原鳅TriplophysarHedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day),又名叶尔羌鼓缥鳅、叶尔羌条鳅,地方名狗头鱼。属鲤形目、鳅科、条鳅亚科、高原鳅属、鼓鳔亚属,广泛分布于塔里木河水系,是塔里木河流域中生长较快、个体较大的一种,是生活在塔里木河流域的主要优势土著鱼类之一。叶尔羌高原鳅在鳅科鱼类中属于个体较大的鱼类之一,最大体长可达30.0cm、体重在305g左右。  相似文献   

10.
2017年4—12月,对采至四川省平武县、北川县涪江支流平通河中的160尾贝氏高原鳅(Triplophysa bleekeri)进行了生物学的初步研究。平通河的贝氏高原鳅体长35.0~84.4mm,体质量0.8~10.2g。年龄可划分4个年龄组,其中1龄的个体为主。平通河的贝氏高原雌鱼和雄鱼均是2龄性成熟。雄鱼的Fulton肥满度为1.55,雌鱼的Fulton肥满度为1.59。平通河的贝氏高原鳅卵径呈双峰分布,推测属于分批产卵类型。绝对繁殖力在1940~3 886粒/尾,平均为2128粒/尾。繁殖期在5—6月和9月。通过对胃的解剖,表明其以摇蚊幼虫及其他水生昆虫为主要食物。  相似文献   

11.
An analysis of the food of 274 specimens of Tilapia aurea (Steindachner), which had been collected in Lake Kinneret, showed that this species is mainly a zooplankton consumer.A study of the quantitative dynamics of the food components in the course of a year has proved that the species in question feeds more intensely in spring, this being the time when zooplankton forms are more abundant in the water of the lake. Vegetable detritus, mixed with plankton and benthos forms, served as additional and alternative food.The lack of clearly positive degree of food component selectivity, as well as the low values of the intestine repletion index and of the condition coefficient, account for the slowness in growth of Tilapia aurea in Lake Kinneret.The low values of the growth and feeding indices are due, according to the authors, to the pressure brought to bear by the other local fish species, which are competitors for the same food.  相似文献   

12.
Analysis of the gut content of 329 specimens of T. zillii (Cichlidae) collected from Lake Kinneret, has shown great variation in the sorts of food.A study of seasonal dynamics has proved the prevalence in the food of Chironomida pupae (Diptera) in winter and spring and of zooplankton forms in summer and autumn. The additional food consisted of the various groups of algae, the most frequently found being Cyanophyta (100%) and Pyrrophyta (64.16%). An extremely voraceous species, it consumes — while searching for its preferred food — anything that comes its way in the water: algae, scraps of macrophytes, autochthonous and allochthonous insects, and forms of benthic origin, such as Nematoda, Ostracoda, Porifera and Chironomida (larvae).The satiation index is high (between 4.08 and 5.63), in contradiction to the low values of the coefficient of condition (between 3.05 and 3.51), and with the slow rate of growth in Lake Kinneret. The main food of Tilapia zillii, consists of arthropod species with a chitin content (which is eliminated unchanged) of more than 50% of the total weight, and this may account for the poor exploitation of the trophic base.This species of fish may be considered as being detrimental to others (i.e. commercially important species) because of its successful competition for food, and not, as is often incorrectly assumed, because it is an aggressive consumer of their spawn and fry.  相似文献   

13.
14.
不同品系尼罗罗非鱼致死低温的研究   总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25  
在室内自然降温条件下,研究了三个品系尼罗罗非鱼(吉富品系,“78”品系,“88”品系)对低温的耐受力,计算得出每个品系的半致死低温,并对降温过程中尼罗罗非鱼行为活动的变化进行了观察。试验结果表明,在上海地区,当温度降低到11℃时,罗非鱼开始死亡,到7.4℃时,全部死亡。吉富罗非鱼死亡温度范围是11℃ ̄8.4℃,“78”品系是9.8 ̄7.4℃,“88”品系是11℃ ̄7.4℃。对三个品系半致死低温的研  相似文献   

15.
叶尔羌高原鳅胚胎发育与胚后发育观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用形态学和生态学方法,对叶尔羌高原鳅[Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)]胚胎发育和胚后发育阶段全过程进行观察、拍照并测量。结果显示:叶尔羌高原鳅,卵微黏性,略有沉性,受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径为(0.60±0.052)mm,在水温(20.0±1.0)℃下,历时65 h 34 min完成整个胚胎发育分为7个生理阶段过程;胚后发育主要根据卵黄囊、体色、鼓鳔和须的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。初孵卵黄囊仔鱼全长(2.0±0.65)mm,出膜后7 d,卵黄囊吸收完毕,完全消失;初孵仔鱼继续培育至16日龄,仔鱼鳃盖后缘鼓鳔明显长出,须清晰可辨,体色加深,心脏红色素明显,体色与成体相似,标志后期仔鱼发育完全进入稚鱼期,此时鱼苗全长(8.0±0.45)mm;培育至30日龄,仔鱼鼓鳔完全,鳃盖张合明显,身体透明特征消失,稚鱼阶段完成发育进入幼鱼期,此时全长达(13.0±0.55)mm,其外部形态和生态习性均与成鱼相似。试验中,卵黄囊长度(LY)和出膜天数(D)的关系式:LY=0.0286D2–0.0636D+3.1196(R2=0.9050);用直线方程拟合卵黄囊长度(LY)和卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)的关系式:LY=–1.315LT+5.368(R2=0.8199);拟合卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)和出膜后仔稚鱼天数(D)的关系式:LT=–0.0263D2+0.5113D+1.6169(R2=0.9890)。本研究旨在通过了解叶尔羌高原鳅的早期发育特征为该物种的保护和增殖对策提供科学依据,并对其苗种生产提供理论指导。  相似文献   

16.
The aims of this experiment were (1) toquantify the ability of grass carp to processduckweed and (2) to assess indirect changes inwater chemistry and phytoplankton community,caused by grass carp feeding. Yearling grass carp sized 126 ± 7.7 mm (TL) and19.6 g in weight were kept in 9 laminate tanksof 1 m3 for 14 days. Two stockingdensities (2 and 6 fish per m3) anda control without fish were used. Standard growthrate (SGR) of grass carp fed exclusively onduckweed was 0.70% body weight (BW) d–1and food conversion ratio (FCR) reached 2.0(average water temperature =21.1 ± 3.8 °C). Daily food intakewas 0.2 g of duckweed dry weight (DW), i.e.,1% of average BW of grass carp. SGR ofduckweed growing in 20 × 20 cm floatingenclosures, differed significantly[F(6,2) = 417.9; p = 0.002] between the twostocking densities of grass carp and thecontrol tanks (without fish). Mean SGR ofduckweed was 0.02 g g–1 day–1 and thehighest SGR was recorded in the control tanks.Both decrease in NH4-N and increase inNO2-N concentrations differedsignificantly between the treatments[F(2,2) = 45.3; p = 0.02 and F(2,2) = 19.2; p = 0.04 respectively]. Changes in other nitrogenand phosphorus components (NO3-N, TN, TPand PO4-P) caused by stocking of grasscarp were not significant. Biomass ofphytoplankton, dominated by filamentous algaeand blue-greens, increased proportionately tostocking density of grass carp. Althoughduckweed has a large potential for nutrientremoval, the most common pathway for thenutrients released through grass carp grazingif duckweed cover is loose is theirincorporation into phytoplankton biomass.  相似文献   

17.
Daphnia lumholtzi (Sars) was found in Lake Kinneret until the late nineteen-fifties. Lake Kinneret was the northern-most limit of the distribution of this species. It is suggested that fingerlings of grey mullets and Sarotherodon aureus that were introduced into Lake Kinneret caused the extinction of D. lumholtzi.  相似文献   

18.
In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & Solender, 1794) was examined. At the same time, possibilities of artificial breeding through artificial insemination were investigated. Artificial insemination was achieved by mixing the eggs of the mature female and sperm of the mature male samples caught with gill nets (22 × 22) in Ataturk Dam Lake in Turkey. To this end, first in a Petri dish (100 × 20), the testes were cut into small pieces with a lancet and the mixture of sperm–testes‐tissue was obtained. The fertilization rate of the eggs was found to be 80%. The diameter of the eggs ranged from 2.015to 1.147 mm. The perivitelline space formed 0.5 h after insemination. The first cleavage occurred at the animal pool 4 h after insemination. The oil droplets had fused to a single droplet 19 h after insemination. The blastoderm became an embryonic shield 30 h after insemination. The blastoderm covered almost half the egg 40 h after insemination and embryonic body was formed. The blastoderm covered almost the whole egg 50 h after insemination. Some somites were discernible 59 h after insemination. The embryonic body reached two‐third of the circumference of the egg 70 h after insemination. The tail bud began to separate from the yolk 77 h after insemination. A newly hatched larva was observed at 85 h after insemination.  相似文献   

19.
Dendronereis spp. (Peters) (Nereididae) is a common polychaete in shrimp ponds built on intertidal land and is natural food for shrimp in traditionally managed ponds in Indonesia. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), an important viral pathogen of the shrimp, can replicate in this polychaete (Desrina et al. 2013); therefore, it is a potential propagative vector for virus transmission. The major aim of this study was to determine whether WSSV can be transmitted from naturally infected Dendronereis spp. to specific pathogen‐free (SPF) Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) through feeding. WSSV was detected in naturally infected Dendronereis spp. and Penaeus monodon Fabricius from a traditional shrimp pond, and the positive animals were used in the current experiment. WSSV‐infected Dendronereis spp. and P. monodon in a pond had a point prevalence of 90% and 80%, respectively, as measured by PCR. WSSV was detected in the head, gills, blood and mid‐body of Dendronereis spp. WSSV from naturally infected Dendronereis spp was transmitted to SPF L. vannamei and subsequently from this shrimp to new naïve‐SPF L. vannamei to cause transient infection. Our findings support the contention that Dendronereis spp, upon feeding, can be a source of WSSV infection of shrimp in ponds.  相似文献   

20.
褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为东亚地区重要的海水养殖鱼类,在中国、日本和韩国海水养殖业中占有重要的地位.目前,褐牙鲆经过连续多代缺乏选择的人工繁育和养殖,造成养殖群体种质发生退化,生长速度和抗逆性下降,极大制约了牙鲆养殖业发展.以选育生长迅速、抗逆性强、饵料转化率高的牙鲆类养殖新品种为目的,作者对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(Paralichthys dentatus)(♂)的杂交育种进行了研究.本实验对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分进行测定.结果显示,杂交F1含水率显著低于双亲(P<0.05),粗蛋白含量显著高于双亲(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量介于二者之间;杂交F1的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸总量都显著高于褐牙鲆与犬齿牙鲆(P<0.05);脂肪酸含量方面,脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量3种鱼由高到低排列顺序为褐牙鲆、犬齿牙鲆、杂交F1,三者饱和脂肪酸总量差异不显著(P<0.05).对3种鱼肌肉的营养品质进行了评价,杂交F1的必需氨基酸指数EAAI(90.30)明显高于褐牙鲆(77.75)与犬齿牙鲆(79.34),在蛋白质品质上表现出一定杂种优势.上述结果表明,杂交F1的肌肉具有蛋白和氨基酸含量较高、脂肪酸含量较低的特点.  相似文献   

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