碱锅水库大银鱼的移植效果和人工采卵授精技术

一、材料方法为了推广碱锅水库大银鱼的移植成果,近两年来我站以碱锅水库为大银鱼种卵基地,进行了人工采卵授精和向周边水库移放受精卵的工作。     

佛寺水库大银鱼的移植效果和人工采卵授精技术

佛寺水库1999～2000年大银鱼单产分别达到38～67.5kg/hm^2，取得了显的经济效益。本对佛寺水库大银鱼的移植效果和人工卵授精工作进行了介绍并探讨了影响大银鱼移植成功的因素。     

家鱼冻精技术的研究

鱼类精液冷冻保存的关键，并不在于精子能否长期忍受低温，而是在于如何防止冷冻和解冻过程中，精子在安全地降温至-196℃，以及回升到常温时，不受或少受温差(冷、热)袭击，仍能保持精子的正常受精能力。本实验对鲢、鳙、鲤、鲮等几种家鱼精液的冷冻保存、解冻技术及授精育苗进行了研究。于1980年4月至1981年7月，共进行81批次实验。其中对鲢鱼进行了27批次，     

羊电刺激采精技术及操作规程

随着我国养羊业的发展,人工受精技术已广泛应用,尤其是在具有一定规模的现代化养羊场。在采用人工授精技术进行配种时对公羊的要求较高,也存在着更好的发挥优秀种公羊利用率的问题,公羊电子采精技术在生产中的应用将明显提高优秀种公羊的利用率。综述了电子采精技术概念、采前准备及电子采精操作等方面内容。     

猪人工授精技术的历史及现状

我国是世界第一养猪大国,生猪饲养量接近4亿头。猪的人工授精技术在我国有着巨大的应用前景。人工授精不仅可以减少公猪的饲养头数,加大公猪的选择强度,充分发挥优秀公猪的遗传潜力,同时,通过人工授精还可以减少性传播疾病,提高生产效率,获得更高的经济效益。另外,人工授精技术     

公猪橡胶采精踏板的制作与应用

目前家畜改良站及种猪场的公猪采精踏板基本上是木质的.这种木质踏板往往有尿液或附性腺分泌物粘附,会使种公猪在采精过程中两后肢频频滑动,导致种公猪后肢支撑不稳,经常造成肢蹄损伤或从采精架上摔下,影响种公猪性欲和爬跨反射,造成采精中断或采精不充分,滤精量减少,甚至危及采精人员安全;     

种鸡的人工授精技术

传统的种鸡饲养方式大多是网上平养或地面散养,依靠本交来生产种蛋,这种饲养方式,公鸡饲养数量多,特别是肉种鸡饲养,公母比例需保持1:8-1:10比例,严重地影响了种鸡场的经济效益。种鸡散养不便防疫,种蛋卫生难以保障,容易导致鸡白痢、马立克氏等传染病的垂直传播,给养鸡业带来重大损失。鸡人工授精技术的推广应用,     

动物福利在羊驼饲养管理中的应用

羊驼饲养福利政策主要包括:根据不同生理阶段合理调整饲养方案、供给充足饮水、补充维生素和矿物质等,满足其健康生长的营养需要。管理福利政策包括卫生免疫、运动驱虫、剪毛修蹄等,尽量消除各种因素对羊驼生产性能的影响,从而为其提供一个适宜的生长环境。     

Spermatophore cryopreservation and artificial insemination of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius)

To develop an appropriate cryopreservation protocol for spermatophores of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, three cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), methanol (MeOH) and ethylene glycol (EG)) at two concentrations (5% and 10%) were examined. Artificial implantation of spermatophores was also carried out to assess the fertilizing ability of fresh and post‐thaw spermatophores. Spermatophores were collected during consecutive regenerations (15‐day intervals) and assessed for qualitative and quantitative changes and also for fertilizing ability by implantation. The mean fertilization rate for artificial insemination using post‐thaw spermatophore was 79.9±3.7%, lower than the fertilization rates observed for artificial implantation using fresh spermatophore and natural mating. Mean hatch rates for fresh spermatophore, frozen‐thawed spermatophore and natural mating were 88.8±0.6%, 87.8±0.4% and 88.3±0.5%, respectively; and there was no difference among the three groups. The mean fertilization rate of spermatophores collected during the first stripping was higher (90.6±0.6) than during the second stripping (85.7±2.6), but the mean hatch rate was not different between the two strippings. The highest mean sperm viability (79.7±0.4%) was obtained from DMSO (5%), with no survival observed in the 10% MeOH treatment. Spermatophore weight, total sperm count and percentage of abnormal sperm were not different between spermatophores collected at the first and second stripping. This is the first study to report high fertilization and hatch rates from cryopreserved spermatophore using artificial implantation of spermatophore before spawning.     

Influence of artificial insemination on the reproductive performance of Farfantepenaeus paulensis in conventional and unisex maturation systems

The application of artificial insemination techniques as a way to overcome the lack of mating of the closed thelycum Farfantepenaeus paulensis under large scale conditions is reported. The performance of artificially inseminated females (49.4±11.6 g) maintained in conventional versus unisex maturation systems was compared. Groups of unilaterally eyestalk-ablated females were artificially inseminated with one compound spermatophore soon after molting. The percentage of fertilized spawns increased from 26% before the use of artificial insemination to 57% afterwards. The reproductive performance of inseminated females held in conventional or unisex maturation systems showed no significant differences. Artificial insemination was considered a practical approach to overcome the lack of mating of F. paulensis under large-scale conditions with acceptable reproductive performance. The results also indicate the possibility of holding females separately from males, which could mean significant improvements in maturation systems through the increase in the stocking density of spawning females.     

Characterization of the testicular semen of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), and its short-term storage

Semen of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), was investigated with respect to its cellular composition, sperm cell density, maturation grade, motility and fertility. Storage conditions were tested, whereby sperm viability was assessed by measurement of the motility after activation and by fertility tests. Testicular semen differed in its composition, i.e. the sperm density and numbers of spermatids, according to the maturity grade of the testis. Two semen types could be distinguished: semen type I was characterized by high sperm densities and low numbers of spermatids and semen type II had lower sperm densities and higher numbers of spermatids. Two semen types did not differ in motility and fertility (when adjusted for differences in sperm density). During storage, the sperm viability was influenced by the sodium concentration of the storage medium, temperature, membrane stabilizers as bovine serum albumen (BSA) or hen egg yolk, antibiotics and oxygen. Semen viability was maintained best when it was diluted at a ratio of 1:5 in storage solution (150 mmol L^?1 NaCl, 2.5 mmol L^?1 KCl, 1 mmol L^?1 CaCl₂, 1 mmol L^?1 MgSO₄, 20 mmol L^?1 Tris (pH 8.5) and 0.5% BSA or 0.5% hen egg yolk) and stored at 4 °C. Oxygen gassing and addition of antibiotics (1 mg mL^?1 gentamycine sulphate) to the storage solution affected the two semen types in different ways. Antibiotics had no effect on type I semen, but had a positive effect on type II semen. Oxygen gassing had a positive effect on type I semen but a negative effect on type II semen.     

人工驯养达氏鳇与欧洲鳇繁殖技术研究

湖北天峡鲟业有限公司利用工厂化车间培育达氏鳇、欧洲鳇亲本,经过多年精心培育,70%的达氏鳇、欧洲鳇亲鱼性腺发育成熟.2010年12月选择2尾达氏鳇雌鱼和1尾欧洲鳇雄鱼杂交成功,获得受精卵41.8万粒,孵化出优质鱼苗36.5万尾,平均受精率82%,孵化率87.5%,亲鱼成活率100%.     

南方大口鲶人工繁殖技术概述

本文论述了大口鲶亲鱼的培育方法,人工催产激素种类和剂量的选择,人工授精的方法,受精卵的收集与孵化,孵化方式的选择、鱼苗的培育方法。     

石斑鱼人工繁育技术研究进展

石斑鱼是我国南方海水养殖的主要种类之一,由于天然种苗不足,人工育苗技术日显关键和重要。文章根据国内外石斑鱼人工繁育技术的研究现状,对石斑鱼的繁殖生物学、人工繁殖、早期发育、人工育苗技术及种苗生产所面临的问题等方面进行了综述和展望。     

MV技术在水产养殖和加工中的应用

就MV(Machine Vision,MV)技术在水产养殖、水产加工等渔业领域中的应用作了初步探讨。首先就其原理在渔业生产中的应用作了分析,以水产养殖和水产加工为例,说明在渔业生产中如何应用MV技术。对MV技术在渔业生产中的应用进行了展望,并揭示了MV技术在替代人工作业中的技术特点和优势。     

赤眼鳟人工繁殖与苗种培育技术

试验进行了野生赤眼鳟（Squaliobarbus curriculus）的人工驯养、繁殖及苗种培育,并对其受精卵的胚胎发育情况进行了观察,结果表明：单独使用或组合使用促黄体素释放激素类似物（LRH-A2）、马来酸地欧酮（DOM）,以胸腹注射法进行一针或两针人工催产,效果都较好,效应时间一般随水温升高而缩短,24℃～27.5℃一针注射后的效应时间为10～12 h;22℃～23℃两针注射（距第二针）的效应时间为8h左右;浮盘与水泥池组合式孵化方式合理、可靠,3年累计孵出鱼苗218.2万尾;赤眼鳟的孵化时间与水温呈负相关,水温越高,孵化时间越短,在21～24℃时,一般需32 h孵出,而当水温上升至24～27.5℃时,则仅需20～24h即可出膜;鱼种培育阶段,生长较快,冬片鱼种规格也能达到10 cm～15 cm,3年累计育出赤眼鳟冬片鱼种22.81万尾,平均成活率达82.95%.     

生物技术在水产病害防治中的应用

本文从八个方面阐述了生物技术在水产病、害及防治方面的应用情况,并指出了生物技术在水产养殖方面的重要应用价值.