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1.
试验在流水条件下,选取体质健壮的初孵施氏鲟仔鱼1500尾,投喂人工配合饲料进行强化开口试验,同时观察其摄食习性、生长与形态发育变化。结果表明:在16~25℃水温条件下,经100d饲养,施氏鲟平均全长达28.3cm,平均体重达69.7g,并获得96%开口成活率和90%的最终成活率。  相似文献   

2.
施氏鲟鱼苗驯养试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为提高施氏鲟的开食率和苗种成活率,在流水条件下,选取刚孵化出膜、体质健壮的施氏鲟仔鱼1000尾,投喂人工配合饲料进行强化开口试验,观察其摄食习性、生长与形态发育变化。结果表明:在16—25℃水温条件下,经100d饲养,平均全长达28.3cm,平均体重达69.7g,并获得了的86.7%开口成活率和73.4%的最终成活率。  相似文献   

3.
试验选用小型浮游动物、鱼浆、蛋黄和鳗鱼配合饲料等4种饵料作为黑莓鲈仔鱼的开口饵料,经20 d培育,结果显示,在不同饵料条件下,黑莓鲈仔鱼的开口摄食率、生长速度和成活率存在显著差异(P0.05)。小型浮游动物组开口摄食率最高,为94.44%,生长速度较快,平均日增全长为0.43 mm,最终存活率为56.03%;鱼浆、蛋黄和鳗鱼饲料组的生长速度和成活率均较低,平均日增全长分别为0.22、0.14、0.11mm,成活率分别为15.24%、12.80%、8.05%。4种开口饵料中,小型浮游动物是黑莓鲈仔鱼的适宜开口饵料。Logistic生长模型能较好地拟合不同开口饵料黑莓鲈仔鱼的生长曲线(R2≥0.96)。  相似文献   

4.
光照条件和开口饵料对点带石斑鱼仔鱼培育成活率的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了1000lux以上和500lux以下两种光照条件和原生动物、牡蛎受精卵、轮虫三种海水鱼苗常用开口饵料对点带石斑鱼(Epinephela malabaricus)仔鱼培育成活率的影响。结果表明:1000lux以上光照条件试验组13日龄仔鱼成活率分别比500lux以下光照条件试验组高36.7%、23.7%和21.7%,其中尤以对6日龄仔鱼成活率影响最为明显,此阶段500lux以下光照强度条件试验组的死亡率为61.6%,比同样饵料条件的1000lux以上光照条件试验组高32.7%;不同开口饵料对点带石斑鱼仔鱼成活率的影响表现为:1000lux光照条件下,以原生动物作为开口饵料试验组13日龄仔鱼的成活率达到54.3%,分别比同样光照条件下以牡蛎受精卵和轮虫作为开口饵料的试验组提高23.1%和26.1%,呈显著差异;以牡蛎受精卵作为开口饵料试验组13日龄仔鱼成活率略优于以小个体轮虫(200目筛网筛选)作为开口饵料的试验组,两者差异不显著。  相似文献   

5.
施氏鲟人工配合饵料试验总结报告   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
1988年我们试验成功了施氏鲟人工繁育技术之后,1992年又实施了省科委下达的《施氏鲟人工配合饲料研究》重点攻关课题。经3年努力,幼鲟经驯化、消毒、投喂人工饵料,科学饲养等几个阶段试验,有65%幼鲟由食生物活饵转口食人工饵料;1993年投喂出膜5天后的仔鲟开口料,平均成活率61.25%,最高为71%,试验均获得成功。  相似文献   

6.
本文研究了双齿围沙蚕亲体在不同底质及不同饵料条件下的培育效果,以及在不同盐度下的受精率、孵化率和不同开口饵料下沙蚕幼体的成活率。结果表明,泥沙底质以及投喂单胞藻对亲体培育有较好的效果,成活率较高;盐度在25时受精率、孵化率最高,分别达到88 4%和87 4%;采用金藻投喂的试验组幼体成活率最高,达到95%。  相似文献   

7.
施氏鲟苗种培育技术的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
1988年用白瓷盆培育施氏鲟苗,成活率为26.55%.1989年用玻璃钢盆和室外水泥池两种方式培育,成活率分别为65.64%和13.3%.本文还讨论了影响施氏鲟苗成活率和生长的几个因素.  相似文献   

8.
通过对1000尾史氏鲟驯化全人工饲料开口试验,观察其摄食、生长与形态发育状况。生长曲线表明:不论是体长还是体重,50日龄前增长缓慢,50 ̄100日龄则以较快速度增长。经100天饲养,平均体长达28.3cm,平均体重达69.7g,并获得了的86.7%开口成活率和73.4%的成活率,从而达到提高开食率和成活率的目的。  相似文献   

9.
通过对点带石斑鱼受精卵孵化、初孵仔鱼不同开口饵料的选择及后期仔鱼阶段在饵料、水质调控等方面的试验,探索了点带石斑鱼人工育苗技术。结果表明,采用牡蛎受精卵及担轮幼虫为初孵仔鱼的开口饵料比用BP、虾片作初孵仔鱼开口饵料的育苗成活率提高432.16%;后期仔鱼至稚、幼鱼阶段育苗池水质的优、劣,对育苗成活率关系密切;经过53d共培育出平均全长2.86cm的幼鱼4.91万尾,平均育苗成活率4.09%。  相似文献   

10.
施氏鲟鱼鳍营养成分的分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对人工养殖的施氏鲟鱼鳍的营养成分综合分析的结果表明:施氏鲟鱼鳍的水分平均含量58.70%;灰分含量16.00%;总脂肪的平均含量0.70%;总糖含量0.53%;粗蛋白含量24.70%;纯蛋白含量15.90%。施氏鲟鱼鳍还含有丰富的氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的22.50%,蛋白质营养价高。鲟鱼鳍的矿物质含量丰富,特别是钠元素、锌元素和硒元素的含量,分别达到了154.4mg/kg、49.1mg/kg和0.21mg/kg,可作为富硒食品。因此施氏鲟鱼鳍具有较高的营养价值和开发产品的潜力。  相似文献   

11.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

17.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

19.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

20.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

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