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1.
螺旋藻对中华绒螯蟹生长和体色的影响   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
以螺旋藻饵料喂养中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)试验,结果表明,螺旋藻能促进幼蟹的生长和加深成蟹的体色,在相同水温及凤饵量(投喂量占体重的百分比)等条件下,随螺旋藻干粉投喂量的增加,幼蟹体重增加,成蟹体色加深,以投喂含螺旋藻6%的饵料为最适合。  相似文献   

2.
几种常用饵料对稚幼参生长影响的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用鼠尾藻干粉、鲜海带磨碎液、鲜石莼磨碎液和两种海参专用饲料对体长2.90±0.04cm,体重0.49±0.02g的稚幼参进行了为期40d的喂养试验。实验结束时,投喂鲜石莼磨碎液的海参体长为5.15±0.25cm,体重为2.76±0.39g,其体长和体重的增长都显著高于投喂鼠尾藻干粉、鲜海带磨碎液和其中一种配合饵料组,但与另外一种配合饵料差异不显著。投喂鲜石莼组海参的成活率达到85%,高于其他各组,但与其中大部分差异不显著。  相似文献   

3.
色素添加剂对大口鲇体色的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
通过使用类胡萝卜素喂养杂交大口鲇(Cross Nikolskyet)试验,探讨类胡萝卜素不同含量的饵料 对杂交大口鲇体色的影响。试验结果表明:在相同水温、光照和投喂量的条件下,随类胡萝卜素量的增加,大 口鲇的体色越来越鲜艳,越符合良好的视觉效果,更增加产品的品质,并且在一定程度上增加了鱼的生长。另 外还探讨了体色中类胡萝卜素定量测定方法。  相似文献   

4.
螺旋藻饲养锦鲤的研究   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
螺旋灌可改善锦鲤体色,促进锦鲤生长。与对照组比较,随螺旋藻添加量不同,体得增加5.27%-34.44%,体长增加1.38%-9.32%,成活率是对照组的2.56-2.83倍。  相似文献   

5.
研究不同投喂频率(1次/d,2次/d,3次/d,4次/d)对福瑞鲤(FFRC strain common carp)幼鱼摄食与生长的影响,试验周期为30 d。结果显示:当投喂频率从1次/d增加到4次/d时,福瑞鲤幼鱼的摄食率逐步提高,1次/d组的摄食率显著低于其他组(P0.05);体重增长率、体长增长率和特定生长率随投喂频率的增加均有不同程度提高,在4次/d时达到最高;饲料转化率逐步升高,1次/d组显著低于其他组(P0.05)。各试验组福瑞鲤幼鱼的个体体重/体长差异随着投喂频率的增加而先升后降,最终幼鱼的规格趋于一致。综合本试验结果,投喂频率对福瑞鲤幼鱼的摄食与生长存在显著影响,在4次/d的投喂频率下其摄食水平、生长性能、饲料转化效率及大小分化差异系数等均表现出较好状态。  相似文献   

6.
选取了6种不同饵料组合对孵化14d上浮开口细鳞鲑仔鱼进行开口饵料试验研究。在相同环境条件下,经10d投喂试验,结果表明:细鳞鲑仔鱼体长增长及成活率依次为轮虫+枝角类幼体组轮虫组颗粒饵料组螺旋藻组酵母及蛋黄组;经饲养10d后最高体长增加0.45cm,仔鱼成活率最高达98%。  相似文献   

7.
不同食物和光照时间对黑龙睛金鱼体色和生长的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
将黑龙睛金鱼苗放养在120-90cm×20-45cm×30-65cm的水族箱或塑料泡沫箱中,密度为500尾/m^3,然后分为2组:一组分别投喂轮虫、枝角类等活饵料和蛋黄、豆浆等人工饲料;另一组的光照分别为0,5,10和14hr/日,观察2组鱼生长及体色变化。结果表明,投喂活饵的鱼苗生长迅速,体色变化快,体长达2cm时开始变黑,3cm以上时有50%的鱼苗变色明黑;而投喂人工饲料的鱼苗生长和变色缓慢,体长达3cm以上时,才开始变黑。鱼苗在自然光照下生长最快,体色变化明显;而黑暗组鱼生长最慢,体色变化最不明显;日照5~10h的鱼生长和体色变化介于以上两者之间。  相似文献   

8.
采用4种饵料投喂中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)幼虾,用投喂感染的方法人工感染WSSV。测定体长、体重以及各组的攻毒存活率,实验周期15d。ANOVA分析结果表明,投喂鲜活卤虫组体长、体重的增长明显优于其他各组,差异达极显著水平(P〈0.01);投喂人工配合饵料实验组的体长、体重增长量最小;投喂鱼肉组体长增长慢于投喂蛤蜊肉组,而体重的增长快于投喂蛤蜊肉组,差异均不显著(P〉0.05)。投喂卤虫成体和投喂鱼肉两组的攻毒存活率最高,明显高于投喂配合饵料和蛤蜊肉两实验组,差异达极显著水平(P〈0.01);投喂卤虫组和投喂鱼肉组之间存活率无显著差异(P〉0.05),投喂人工配合饵料组和蛤蜊肉组差异不显著(P〉0.05)。巢式PCR检测表明,人工感染前的中国对虾幼虾少数携带WSSV,人工感染后全部个体检测到病毒特征片段。  相似文献   

9.
采用生态实验方法研究温度、盐度、底质、饵料及与不同生物混养对体质量1.11~1.19 g的单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)幼螠成活和生长的影响。单环刺螠幼螠饲养在50 cm×40 cm×35 cm的塑料箱中,每箱15个,加入5 L盐度25的海水,底质为40目沙,投喂螺旋藻粉+鼠尾藻粉+海参开口料混合饵料(2 mg/个幼螠),水温控制在10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃。盐度实验中,水温为20℃,盐度为15、20、25、30和35,其余同上。底质实验中,设无底质、泥、泥沙、天然海沙、40目和60目沙6个处理组,盐度25,水温20℃,混合投喂藻粉,其余同上。饵料实验设置螺旋藻粉(投喂量为6 mg/个幼螠)、混合藻液(小新月菱形藻和扁藻按投喂量各3m L/个幼螠)、螺旋藻粉+混合藻液(螺旋藻粉投喂量为3 mg/个幼螠,小新月菱形藻和扁藻按投喂量各1.5 m L/个幼螠)、混合藻液+海参开口料(海参开口料投喂量为3 mg/个幼螠,小新月菱形藻和扁藻按投喂量各1.5 m L/个幼螠)、混合藻粉(螺旋藻粉+鼠尾藻粉+海参开口料3种饵料投喂量均为2 mg/个幼螠)共5个饵料处理组...  相似文献   

10.
在温度(28.7±0.5)℃、盐度29.0±0.3条件下,研究虾片、黑粒、螺旋藻粉3种人工饵料单独投喂及与虾元和B.P.饵料添加剂混合投喂14d后对方斑东风螺幼虫生长及存活的影响。结果表明,人工饵料与添加剂混合投喂时幼虫的存活率、壳高、壳长及特定生长率高于单一投喂试验组。混合投喂组中以螺旋藻粉+B.P.组的效果最好。在单一人工饵料试验组中,投喂3种人工饵料的方斑东风螺幼虫在试验初期生长差异不显著,但投喂螺旋藻粉的存活率明显高于单独投喂虾片与黑粒组(P0.05);试验后期单独投喂黑粒的幼虫特定生长率及存活率最高,其次为虾片,单独投喂螺旋藻粉的幼虫特定生长率及存活率最低。研究结果可为方斑东风螺幼虫人工配合饲料的开发及人工苗种培育提供参考依据。  相似文献   

11.
钝顶螺旋藻在养虾废水中的生长研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)在养虾废水中的生长情况。结果表明,钝顶螺旋藻不能直接在该养殖废水中生长,但在废水中添加5%比例的Zarrouk培养液后,钝顶螺旋藻能在其中较好地生长。通过正交试验获得了钝顶螺旋藻在含5%Zarrouk培养液的废水中的生长最佳条件:pH=8,初始密度A560为0.3,光强2500lx。在该条件下,钝顶螺旋藻对废水中的氮、磷均有较好的清除效果,氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮和活性磷的清除率分别达到64.5%、41.9%、67.1%和43.9%。  相似文献   

12.
利用均匀设计法设计得到的12种培养基及对照Zarrouk培养基对钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)S6品系进行培养,研究了在不同培养基下螺旋藻对无机氮的吸收利用。结果表明,螺旋藻可以同时以NO3-N 和NH4-N为氮源。NO3-N对螺旋藻是最为通用和安全的氮源,但添加浓度以11mmol/L左右最为适宜,既可满足藻体的最佳生长需求又可降低养殖成本;适宜浓度的NH4-N可促进螺旋藻的生长,浓度过高则会造成NH3中毒,NH4-N的添加量以1.27~2.57mmol/L范围最为适宜。  相似文献   

13.
利用均匀设计法设计得到的12种培养基及对照Zarrouk培养基对钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)S6品系进行培养,研究了添加磷酸盐的不同培养基下螺旋藻对磷酸盐的吸收利用。结果表明,螺旋藻S6对磷酸盐的净利用量在0.20~0.86mmol/L之间,且与螺旋藻生长速度呈线性关系;磷酸盐为螺旋藻生长利用的主要磷源,含量不足会限制螺旋藻的正常生长;培养基中的磷酸盐添加量以1.16mmol/L左右最为适宜,既可满足藻体的最佳生长,又可降低约60%的磷源养殖成本。  相似文献   

14.
为研究豹纹鳃棘鲈色素变化过程以及添加剂对其产生的影响,本研究在室内工厂化养殖条件下,对豹纹鳃棘鲈的早期色素积累、转变过程进行描述,并采用螺旋藻粉和虾青素两种添加剂对其仔、稚、幼鱼的生长及体色变化的影响进行观察。结果显示,从2 d仔鱼开始,眼点色素增多,并由透明转为黑色,摄食明显;3 d仔鱼其背部鳍褶上的树枝状黑色素扩大,脊椎下方出现1列黑色素细胞丛;22 d的鱼体脊椎上方出现1排黑色素斑点,下方黑色素斑点数量减少,此时口、各鳍基部及沿脊椎两侧黄色素增加;28 d的稚鱼体表黄色素与红色素进一步增多,各鳍沿鳍条均有红色素斑点分布,鱼体呈橘红色,颜色鲜艳;30–33 d的幼鱼体表两侧布满黑色与橘红色斑点,脊椎下方斑点消失,仅在尾椎下方存有1块黑色素斑点。增色剂实验结果显示,实验15 d时,螺旋藻粉组与虾青素组全长、体重差异不显著,但均显著高于对照组(P0.05),各实验组内梯度之间差异不显著(P0.05)。30 d时,3%和6%螺旋藻粉组较对照组的体重值高,但差异不显著(P0.05),9%螺旋藻粉组显著低于对照组(P0.05);虾青素组均高于对照组,除与0.6%组差异不显著(P0.05)外,其他组均差异显著(P0.05)。0.1%实验组体重高于对照组和螺旋藻粉组,并高于组内其他梯度组。经过15 d添加虾青素的幼鱼体色红色素有明显增加,与对照组差异显著;30 d时,螺旋藻组没有达到增色效果。结果表明,螺旋藻粉对幼鱼生长初期有促进作用,随着添加浓度与养殖时间的增加其效果不明显,出现负效应;添加浓度为0.1%的虾青素可使全长、体重增长率最高并具有明显增色效果。  相似文献   

15.
The effects of tank color on the growth, stress responses, and skin color of snakeskin gourami (Trichogaster pectoralis) were investigated in this study. Fish with initial body weights of 5.03±0.00 g were reared in five experimental tank colors (white, red, green, blue, and black) for 8 weeks. Each tank color was tested in triplicate with an initial stocking density of 15 fish per tank. Fish were fed with commercial sinking pellets at 4% of the average body weight per day. Growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, stress indicators (hematocrit, blood glucose, plasma cortisol levels), and skin color parameters were investigated. The fish reared in blue tanks had a significantly higher average final body weight (9.73?±?0.14 g) and significantly lower average feed conversion ratio (3.42?±?0.12) than the fish reared in black tanks (P?<?0.05). The fish reared in black tanks exhibited higher average hematocrit (36.63?±?1.11%), blood glucose (48.33?±?1.45 mg dL?1), and plasma cortisol (9.00?±?0.56 μg dL?1) levels than those reared in the other tank colors. However, the blood glucose levels in only the fish reared in black tanks were significantly higher than those in the fish reared in the other tank colors. The fish skin color ranged from very pale (high skin lightness) in the white tanks to very dark (low skin lightness) in the black tanks, and 80% of the variation in skin lightness were explained by the tank lightness. The use of a blue tank resulted in normal skin color; hence, blue tanks will not affect the customer acceptance of the fish. Our study revealed that blue is the most appropriate tank color for culturing snakeskin gourami.  相似文献   

16.
饲料中添加螺旋藻对凡纳滨对虾生长、体组分的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
刘立鹤 《水产学报》2005,29(6):791-797
系统研究了饲料中添加0~5%不同水平的螺旋藻对凡纳滨对虾生长性能与体生化组成的影响。结果表明:(1)螺旋藻能促进对虾生长,提高饲料的消化利用率,以0.8%、1.5%螺旋藻添加组凡纳滨对虾生长性能较好,试验中期、末期增重率分别达到926.10%、959.78%和4382%、4353.3%,与对照组相比,虾体增重率分别提高2.82%、6.56%和3.45%、2.77%。结合饲料利用、虾体生化组分分析结果表明,饲料中添加0.8%水平螺旋藻为最佳。凡纳滨对虾肝体指数(HSI)随螺旋藻添加量的增加呈现下降趋势。(2)在1%螺旋藻添加范围内,虾体EPA含量内(Y)与螺旋藻添加量(X)呈现良好的线性关系(YEPA=2.4275X+4.5975,R0=0.9611),在0.8%范围内螺旋藻,虾体中DHA、ARA的含量与螺旋藻添加量呈显著线性相关(yDHA=4.668X+5.6545,R^2=0.9631;YARA=105.58X+0.3241,R^2=0.9749)。(3)从虾体DHA、EPA和ARA含量分析,0.5%大蒜添加量与5%螺旋藻添加量的对虾体脂肪酸改善效果相当。  相似文献   

17.
The most important visual quality characteristic of Atlantic salmon is the red/pink flesh color. The primary source of this coloration in salmon is caused by deposition of relatively large amounts of pigments, such as astaxanthin, obtained from their diet. Astaxanthin is expensive, and in commercial farming practice, dietary color pigments comprises about 15-20% of the total feed cost. One important operational process in commercial fish farms is therefore to minimize pigment costs. Based on recent models on the effects of dietary pigment concentration and fish size on visual color perception of Atlantic salmon, this study has built a mathematical programming model designed to optimize dietary astaxanthin concentrations throughout the grow-out period that results in well-pigmented fish at minimum cost. We have applied a mixed-integer non-linear programming algorithm to solve this problem. Various managerial implications of applying optimization models in product quality management of farmed salmon are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
The use of antibiotics to control fish disease is one of the constraints in tilapia farming. Hence, the use of probiotic and live organisms as alternative strategies has received much more attention. This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and immunity promoter for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Fish (1.88 g) were randomly distributed at 20 fish per 100 L aquarium and fed a diet containing either 0.0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 g Spirulina kg?1 diet for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish of each treatment were challenged by pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, which was given by an interperitoneal injection, and they were kept under observation for 10 days to record any abnormal clinical signs and the daily mortality rate. The growth‐promoting influence of Spirulina was observed with fish, and the optimum growth and feed utilization were obtained at 5.0 g Spirulina kg?1 diet. No significant changes were observed in fish survival among the different treatments. Spirulina supplementation improved the protein and lipid contents in fish bodies without significant differences among them, especially when fed 2.5–10.0 g kg?1 diet, but no significant differences in the moisture and ash contents were observed among different treatments. The physiological parameters were improved when fish were fed a Spirulina‐enriched diet. However, the highest red blood cells, white blood cells and nitro blue tetrazolium values were obtained at 5.0–10.0 g Spirulina kg?1 diet; meanwhile, the lowest value was obtained in the control. Total fish mortality due to A. hydrophila infection decreased with an increase in the Spirulina level in fish diets. These results indicate that Spirulina supplement is promising as an alternative method to antibiotics for disease prevention in tilapia aquaculture, and the optimum level of Spirulina in the fish diet should be 5.0–10.0 g kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

19.
Red carp and red crucian carp are ornamental fish with a red body color. Unlike in red crucian carp, no melanophores are observed in red carp embryos or larvae. To explore the roles of the mitfa gene in body color formation in red carp, we investigated the structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of the mitfa gene in 16 kinds of fish. The mitfa amino acid sequence similarity between red carp and red crucian carp was 95.6%, and this was 91.5% similar between carp and zebrafish. Compared with red crucian carp, red carp showed lower tyrp1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression but similar mitfa mRNA expression in the body pigment stage of the embryo. Moreover, mitfa+ cells as well as melanocytes could be observed in cultured embryo cells derived from red carp and red crucian carp. Our data show that the absence of melanophores in red carp is not the result of mitfa gene deletion or mutation, increasing our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of coloration in cyprinid fish.  相似文献   

20.
螺旋藻对彭泽鲫生长性能的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
通过向彭泽鲫(Pengze Crucian Carp)的基础日粮中添加螺旋藻,以研究其促生长效能。结果表明:2%、4% 这两种添加剂量均能显著提高彭泽鲫的生长性能(P<0.01),试验组和对照组的相对增重率分别为125.42%、137.66%和 103.43%,饲料系数比对照组分别提高了9.82%和15.18%,成活率也有不同程度的提高。  相似文献   

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