首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
本文采用胭脂鱼幼鱼作为测试生物。开展了氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究。通过试验获得了这3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼24h、48h、72h和96h的LC50值。其中氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼96h的LC50值分别为2.0μg/L,0.049mg/L,16.0mg/L。胭脂鱼幼鱼对氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫96h安全质量浓度分别为0.2μg/L,4.9μg/L,1.60mg/L,3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫。  相似文献   

2.
采用胭脂鱼幼鱼作为测试生物,开展了氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究。通过试验获得了这3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼24h、48h、72h和96h的LC50值。其中氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼96h的LC50值分别为2.0μg/L,0.049mg/L,16.0mg/L。胭脂鱼幼鱼对氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫96h安全质量浓度分别为0.2μg/L,4.9μg/L,1.60mg/L,3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫。  相似文献   

3.
本文采用胭脂鱼幼鱼作为测试生物,开展了氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究.通过试验获得了这3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h的LC50.值.其中氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼96 h的LC50值分别为2.0μg/L,0.049 mg,L,16.0 mg/L.胭脂鱼幼鱼对氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫96 h安全质量浓度分别为0.μg,L,4.9μg/L,1.60 mg/L,3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为氰戊菊脂、三唑磷、敌百虫.  相似文献   

4.
几种常见农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文采用胭脂鱼幼鱼作为测试生物,开展了氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究。通过试验获得了这3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼24h、48h、72h和96h的LC50值。其中氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、敌百虫对胭脂鱼幼鱼96h的LC50值分别为2.0μg/L,0.049mg/L,16.0mg/L。胭脂鱼幼鱼对氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、敌百虫96h安全质量浓度分别为0.2μg/L,4.9mg/L,1.60mg/L,3种农药对胭脂鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为氰戊菊酯、三唑磷、敌百虫。  相似文献   

5.
采用单因子静态急性毒性试验方法与加和等毒性溶液法,分别研究了Cu^2+、Zu^2+、Cd^2+(Megalobrarna pellegrini)幼鱼的急性毒性和联合毒性效应。结果显示:3种重金属离子对厚颌鲂幼鱼的毒性由强到弱依次为Cu^2+、Zu^2+、Cd^2+其中Cu^2+对厚颌鲂幼鱼24h、48h、72h、96h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为0.54mg/L、0.38mg/L、0.27mg/L、0.23mg/L;Cd^2+对厚颌鲂幼鱼24h、48h、72h、96h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为14.32mg/L、8.34mg/L、6.36mg/L、4.44mg/L;Zn^2+对厚颌鲂幼鱼24h、48h、72h、96h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为21.95mg/L、17.56mg/L、15.33mg/L、14.62mg/L。Cu^2+、Cd^2+、Zn^2+对厚颌鲂幼鱼的安全质量浓度分别为0.056mg/L、0.849mg/L、3.372mg/L。Cu^2+、Cd^2+、Zn^2+两两共存时对厚颌鲂幼鱼96h的联合毒性效应均表现为毒性增强的协同作用。  相似文献   

6.
欧洲鳗鲡对水中亚硝酸盐浓度耐受性的研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
欧洲鳗鲡亚硝酸盐急性毒性试验的结果表明,在水温28.0-28.5℃,pH6.8-7.3时,欧洲鳗鲡对水中亚硝酸盐浓度的耐受性为,24小时的LC50为100.0mg/L,48小时的LC50为84.1mg/L,96小时的LC50为26.6mg/L,而且LC50值随试验时间的延长而降低。SC为2.66mg/L。  相似文献   

7.
氯氰菊酯和有机磷农药对草鱼鱼种急性及联合毒性   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
谢文平  马广智  赖子尼 《水利渔业》2006,26(1):98-100,103
氯氰菊酯对草鱼24、48、72、96h半致死质量浓度分别为32.82、9.92、8.12、6.51μg/L,安全质量浓度为0.65μg/L;三唑磷对草鱼24、48、72、96h半致死质量浓度分别为1.93、1.73、1.601、.50 mg/L,安全质量浓度为0.15 mg/L;辛硫磷对草鱼24、48、729、6 h半致死质量浓度分别为15.34、8.88、6.12、5.74 mg/L,安全质量浓度为0.57 mg/L。急性毒性顺序是:氯氰菊酯>三唑磷>辛硫磷。氯氰菊酯与三唑磷混配在24、48、72、96 h时毒性表现为拮抗;氯氰菊酯与辛硫磷混配在24 h时表现为协同,48、72、96 h时表现为拮抗;这2种农药对草鱼的联合毒性作用,都显示出随时间的延长AI逐渐增大,拮抗逐渐增强。  相似文献   

8.
硫酸铜和高锰酸钾对似刺鳊鮈幼鱼的急性毒性试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
室温条件下,用静水生物测试法,分别用硫酸铜和高锰酸钾对似刺鳊鮈幼鱼的进行急性毒性试验。结果显示,硫酸铜和高锰酸钾对似刺鳊鮈幼鱼24h的LC50值分别为0.6148mg/L和1.5987mg/L;48h的LC50值分别为0.5517mg/L和1.1637mg/L;72h的LC50值分别为0.4950mg/L和0.9906mg/L;96h的LC50值分别为0.4698mg/L和0.9828mg/L。硫酸铜和高锰酸钾对似刺鳊鮈幼鱼的安全浓度分别为0.04698mg/L和0.09828mg/L。似刺鳊鮈幼鱼对硫酸铜和高锰酸钾的耐受力:高锰酸钾>硫酸铜。似刺鳊鮈人工养殖疾病防治过程中,硫酸铜和高锰酸钾消毒药液须慎用。  相似文献   

9.
在溶氧(7.0±0.3)mg/L,水温(18±1)℃,pH 7.8±0.1条件下,采用国家标准半静态方式水生生物急性毒性实验法研究了高锰酸钾、硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁合剂(5∶2)、敌百虫和甲醛对硬刺松潘裸鲤(Gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus Wu et Wu)幼鱼的急性毒性试验。试验结果显示,高锰酸钾、硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁合剂、敌百虫和甲醛对硬刺松潘裸鲤幼鱼的24 h半致死浓度(24 h LC50)分别为4.57、2.74、8.00和54.69 mg/L,48 h半致死浓度(48 h LC50)分别为4.13、2.35、7.34和47.03 mg/L;96 h半致死浓度(96 h LC50)分别为3.37、1.92、4.76和40.44 mg/L;其安全浓度分别为1.01、0.52、1.85和10.43 mg/L。根据国家标准和本实验数据表明,甲醛对硬刺松潘裸鲤幼鱼微毒,高锰酸钾、硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁合剂和敌百虫对其中毒。  相似文献   

10.
四种常用药物对中华倒刺鲃的急性毒性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在常温静水条件下,使用高锰酸钾、敌百虫、强氯精和漂白粉对中华倒刺鲃鱼苗进行了急性毒性试验,结果表明:四种药物依次对中华倒刺鲃鱼苗的96hLC50分别为2.20mg/L、1.64mg/L、4.68mg/L、1.28mg/L,其安全浓度分别为:0.220mg/L、0.164mg/L、0.468mg/L、0.128mg/L。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

16.
17.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

19.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号