杭州西湖表层沉积物中水溶性有机碳含量的时空分布特征

为了解西湖不同湖区表层沉积物中水溶性有机碳（WSOC）含量及动态变化规律,分别对西湖西进区域及大湖区域表层沉积物中的WSOC含量进行了调查。结果表明,西湖表层沉积物WSOC平均含量是387.1mg/kg,西湖不同湖区的表层沉积物中WSOC含量均呈现显著性的季节性动态变化,其中秋季含量显著低于另外三个季节,同一季节不同湖区的表层沉积物中WSOC含量不同。西湖西进区域茅家埠、乌龟潭和浴鹄湾沉水植物恢复区表层沉积物中WSOC含量均高于沉水植物匮乏区,但差异并不显著,可能是由于水流和人工作用使得恢复区与匮乏区没有严格的界限。然而开展沉水植被恢复措施的西湖西进区域却显著低于没有恢复的大湖区域,表明沉水植被恢复可以降低湖泊沉积物中WSOC含量,减少内源等污染物来源。     

长江中游航道整治工程区沉积物及有机质变化

为了探究长江中游航道整治水下工程区不同恢复阶段沉积物粒度和有机质含量特征与变化规律,2017年3月、6月、9月分别对长江中游6个恢复时间分别为2、3、4、5、10、15年的航道整治工程区进行了沉积物采集,室内利用Master size 2000型激光粒度仪进行分析,并采用MM_(Fr)矩值法公式计算粒度特征,灼烧法测量沉积物有机质含量,分析沉积物粒度和有机质含量随恢复时间的变化情况,以及粒度特征参数和有机质含量之间的关系。结果表明,长江中游护岸水下工程区沉积物组成主要以砂为主,粘土、粉砂和砂的平均含量分别是(7.34±4.58)%、(24.26±1.00)%和(68.39±14.06)%。表层沉积物的粒径2.43～6.79φ,平均值是3.95φ,中值粒径2.41～6.05φ,平均值为3.65φ,整体上粒径偏小。工程恢复越久,小颗粒组分占比越高,平均粒径越大;有机质含量随工程恢复时间的增长而增高,河流的涨枯期对有机质含量的影响不显著;表层沉积物中粘土和粉砂总含量、平均粒径、中值粒径与有机质含量关系极显著。本研究结果既符合河流纵向沉积物粒度分布规律,也反映了时间尺度对沉积物粒度组成和有机质含量的影响。     

双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube)典型自然栖息地的沉积环境特征

在山东沿海选取了双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube)的典型栖息地——河口潮间带,通过测定、分析不同潮区(高潮区、中潮区和低潮区)和同一潮区不同深度(5 cm、15 cm、25 cm和50 cm)沉积物中H_2S、有机物、碳、氮、含水率以及粒度等指标,对其沉积环境特征进行了研究。结果显示,高潮区沉积物H_2S浓度显著低于其他2个潮区(P0.05),25 cm深度处的沉积物H_2S浓度显著高于其他深度(P0.05)。3个不同潮区的间隙水中H_2S浓度和含水率无显著性差异(P0.05),不同深度沉积物的间隙水中H_2S浓度和含水率也无显著性差异(P0.05)。低潮区有机物含量和氮含量显著低于中潮区和高潮区(P0.05),不同潮区之间的碳含量无显著性差异(P0.05),不同深度的沉积物中有机物含量、氮含量和碳含量随深度的增加而逐渐升高。粉砂在3个潮区以及各个潮区不同深度的沉积物中所占的比例均为最大,砂所占比例最小。低潮区沉积物的中值粒径显著高于其他2个潮区(P0.05),而不同深度沉积物的中值粒径无显著差异(P0.05)。实验显示,本研究所选取的双齿围沙蚕典型自然栖息地沉积物中的H_2S含量较高,并且随沉积物深度的增加而逐渐升高。沉积物中的有机物和碳含量极显著相关,碳氮含量显著相关。沉积物粒度分类属粘土质粉砂,高潮区沉积物的中值粒径显著小于低潮区,可能是造成高潮区沉积物的有机物含量和含水率显著高于低潮区的原因之一。     

基于生态系统服务价值的博斯腾湖小湖湿地生态需水核算

湖泊湿地生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,适宜的水文条件保障着湖泊湿地生态系统的健康。本文以博斯腾湖小湖湿地为例,依据能值理论系统地计算湖泊湿地各项生态系统服务价值量,并运用相关分析、层次聚类分析等方法结合生态系统服务计算结果与四项关键水文参数,综合确定研究区适宜的生态需水范围。研究结果表明,博斯腾湖小湖湿地生态系统服务价值总量由2013年以前的上下波动（平均年增幅-0.2%,其中有7年为负增长）转变为2013年后的持续增加状态（连续6年增加,平均年增幅6%）;区域来水量则经历了2000-2003年的丰水期、2005-2013年的枯水期以及2013年以来的水量持续增加等三个阶段;生态需水核算结果建议博斯腾湖小湖湿地应保证一年之内日均流量低于8.3 m^3/s的天数不超过72天,而一年之中日均流量超过20.8 m^3/s的天数不低于80天,湿地生态需水量在8.0-8.7 10^8m^3/a之间,最适宜生态水位范围为1047.4-1047.6m。本研究利用生态系统服务价值核算了湖泊湿地生态需水,对区域水资源调控提供了积极的参考价值。     

双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube)典型自然栖息地的沉积环境特征

在山东沿海选取了双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube)的典型栖息地——河口潮间带,通过测定、分析不同潮区(高潮区、中潮区和低潮区)和同一潮区不同深度(5 cm、15 cm、25 cm和50 cm)沉积物中H2S、有机物、碳、氮、含水率以及粒度等指标,对其沉积环境特征进行了研究.结果显示,高潮区沉积物H2S浓度显著低于其他2个潮区(P＜0.05),25 cm深度处的沉积物H2S浓度显著高于其他深度(P＜0.05).3个不同潮区的间隙水中H2S浓度和含水率无显著性差异(P＞0.05),不同深度沉积物的间隙水中H2S浓度和含水率也无显著性差异(P＞0.05).低潮区有机物含量和氮含量显著低于中潮区和高潮区(P＜0.05),不同潮区之间的碳含量无显著性差异(P＞0.05),不同深度的沉积物中有机物含量、氮含量和碳含量随深度的增加而逐渐升高.粉砂在3个潮区以及各个潮区不同深度的沉积物中所占的比例均为最大,砂所占比例最小.低潮区沉积物的中值粒径显著高于其他2个潮区(P＜0.05),而不同深度沉积物的中值粒径无显著差异(P＞0.05).实验显示,本研究所选取的双齿围沙蚕典型自然栖息地沉积物中的H2S含量较高,并且随沉积物深度的增加而逐渐升高.沉积物中的有机物和碳含量极显著相关,碳氮含量显著相关.沉积物粒度分类属粘土质粉砂,高潮区沉积物的中值粒径显著小于低潮区,可能是造成高潮区沉积物的有机物含量和含水率显著高于低潮区的原因之一.     

双齿围沙蚕对潮间带不同类型底质选择行为的研究

利用行为学实验装置研究了双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)对低潮区、中潮区和高潮区沉积物表层为10、60 cm深以下的沉积物的选择行为。3个潮区表层为10 cm的沉积物编号分别为1#、2#、3#,3个潮区60 cm以下的沉积物编号分别为4#、5#、6#。结果显示,在实验装置一中,不同沉积物的有机物含量无显著差异(P>0.05),1#和4#沉积物中,C含量显著高于2#沉积物(P<0.05),4#沉积物中,N含量显著高于2#和6#沉积物,不同沉积物的H2S含量均差异显著(P<0.05);1#沉积物间隙水中,H2S含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。规格和底质类型对双齿围沙蚕的选择行为无显著影响(P>0.05);规格对双齿围沙蚕搜寻时间影响显著(P<0.05),而底质类型则对搜寻时间无显著影响(P>0.05)。在实验装置二中,6#沉积物中有机物含量显著高于1#和2#沉积物(P<0.05),C、N含量均显著高于其他沉积物(P<0.05),2#沉积物中,H2S含量显著高于其他沉积物(P<0.05);各个沉积物间隙水中H2S含量均差异显著(P<0.05)。底质类型和规格对双齿围沙蚕的移动距离均有显著影响(P<0.05)。研究表明,小规格双齿围沙蚕比较活跃和敏感,倾向于选择H2S含量较低的底质;在底质内部钻蚀时,双齿围沙蚕倾向于选择物质含量较低的底质。总体来看,双齿围沙蚕对自然栖息地底质类型选择性不强。     

阳宗海湖滨湿地沉积物中重金属的空间分布特征

以阳宗海不同湖岸湖滨湿地沉积物为研究对象,分析测定沉积物中7种重金属含量,评价不同湖岸重金属的污染程度,探讨在不同干扰方式下湖滨湿地沉积物中重金属的主要污染特征,为阳宗海重金属污染防治提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)阳宗海湖滨湿地不同湖岸7种重金属元素污染程度存在差异,表现为:东岸北岸南岸西岸。As、Cd、Cr、Zn、Mn的最高值出现在东岸,Co、Cu、Ni的最高值出现在北岸,Pb的最高值出现在南岸。(2)不同区域湿地沉积物中,东岸(Cu、Ni、As、Cd)、南岸(Cu、Cd)、西岸(Cd)、北岸(Cu、Ni、Cd)的重金属含量明显高于土壤环境质量2级标准,是主要污染因子,Cu、Ni、As、Cd的含量分别为43.41~111.15、41.64~57.23、10.28~65.31、1.02~1.99 mg/kg;(3)阳宗海流域上游的铝厂、电厂等高污染企业产生的工业"三废"未经有效净化直接排放,流域周围生活污水、化肥和农药等农业面源污染是导致湖泊重金属污染严重的主要原因;(4)湖滨湿地沉积物中重金属与有机质、全磷之间相互影响,Cu、Ni、As和Cd与全磷呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.674、0.790、0.357和0.626(P0.01),增加磷的含量,会增加沉积物对重金属的吸附量;Cu、Ni、As和Cd与有机质呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.393、0.451、0.406和0.497(P0.01)。有机质的降解促进金属离子的释放,使沉积物中重金属含量增高。     

洱海河口湿地沉积物环境因子对磷形态空间分异的影响

为探讨沉积物理化指标、可提取态金属元素浓度等环境因子对沉积物磷空间分异规律的影响,选择洱海入湖河口湿地沉积物为研究对象,分析了无机磷形态在湿地水平和垂直方向的空间分异,讨论了沉积物环境因子的影响。结果表明:(1)洱海入湖河口湿地沉积物总无机磷(TIP)含量变化范围为1360.24~2093.66 mg/kg,其中残渣态磷(RP)含量最高,占比变化范围为62.94%~85.18%,铁/铝结合态磷(Fe/Al-P)和钙结合态磷(Ca-P)含量次之,占比变化范围分别为9.37%~25.97%和0.54%~11.42%,可交换态磷(EP)和水溶态磷(DP)含量最低,占比变化范围分别为0.94%~3.91%和0.22%~0.65%。(2)水平方向上,TIP和各形态磷含量总体上均呈现沿水流方向逐渐递减的规律,其中TIP、EP、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P在出口位置含量稍高于湿地内部;垂直方向上,DP、EP、Fe/Al-P和RP含量在表层富集,随深度增加呈下降趋势,Ca-P含量在表层较低,在中层和底层富集。(3)冗余分析显示,可提取态金属含量最低的Mn对磷形态分布规律(P<0.05)的解释率最高(12.7%);相关性分析显示,可提取态Al、Mn含量、pH和ORP对各磷形态分布的影响程度随深度的增加而加强;而可提取态Ca含量对Ca-P的影响随深度的增加而减弱。     

不同体色血鹦鹉鱼的色素细胞种类、数量及色素含量

用显微镜观察了体长7.0~10.0cm的黑、黑黄、黄、红4种体色血鹦鹉鱼色素细胞的形态结构,用紫外分光光度计法测定了其总类胡萝卜素含量。结果显示,(1)黑色血鹦鹉鱼通体分布树突状和圆点状两种形态的黑色素细胞,内含大量黑色素颗粒,黄色素细胞较少,颜色较浅;(2)黑黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的树突状黑色素细胞的中心胞体扩散,分枝细长,黑色素颗粒为棕色,聚集能力弱,黄色素细胞大颜色深且数量较多;(3)黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的黑色素细胞数量很少,黄色素细胞遍体分布,颜色深,有少量圆点状的红色素细胞,形状小,颜色浅;(4)红色血鹦鹉鱼体的黑色素细胞稀少,有少量的黄色素细胞,红色素细胞遍体分布。(5)红色血鹦鹉鱼的肉、鳞片、鳍条和皮肤的类胡萝卜素含量与其他3种体色的鱼相比差异均极显著(P0.01);黑、黑黄、黄3种体色的血鹦鹉鱼的上述4个部位的类胡萝卜素含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。本试验结果为深入探究色素细胞的发育机制提供了参考。     

双台河口潮滩湿地不同植被沉积物脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶活性及其与氮、磷含量关系

土壤中生物胞外酶参与土壤中有机物周转和营养物质循环,其活性是土壤中生物群落代谢需求和有效营养物质的直接表现。以2012年7月、9月和11月对双台河口滨海湿地野外调查获取的数据为基础,研究了生长不同植被的沉积物(土壤)脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶活性及其与氮、磷含量的相关关系。翅碱蓬或芦苇单独生长区脲酶活性7月9月11月;翅碱蓬和芦苇混合生长区脲酶活性9月7月11月;芦苇、苣荬菜、艾蒿混合生长区脲酶活性9月11月7月。翅碱蓬单独生长区、翅碱蓬和芦苇混合生长区以及芦苇、苣荬菜、艾蒿混合生长区蛋白酶活性9月7月11月;芦苇单独生长区蛋白酶活性9月11月7月。翅碱蓬单独生长区、芦苇单独生长区磷酸酶活性7月9月11月;翅碱蓬和芦苇混合生长区磷酸酶活性9月11月7月;芦苇、苣荬菜、艾蒿混合生长区磷酸酶活性9月7月11月。除少数样点外,不同土层的脲酶、蛋白酶和磷酸酶活性0~10 cm土层10~20 cm土层20~30 cm土层。脲酶活性与土壤全氮含量正相关,蛋白酶活性与氨氮含量正相关,磷酸酶活性与速效磷含量正相关。河口滨海潮滩湿地生长不同植被的沉积物(土壤)脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶活性不同,存在季节差异,且与沉积物中不同形态的氮、磷含量存在正相关关系。     

Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean

The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.     

Rare serotype occurrence and PFGE genotypic diversity of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from tilapia in China

Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.     

Evaluation of a Fast Method Based on the Presence of Two Restriction Sites in the Mitochondrial ND5 (mt ND5) Gene for the Identification of Scomber Species

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus.     

Growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass,Lateolabrax japonicus fed with fructooligosaccharide

In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.     

Purification and partial characterization of GtHs (cfLH and cfFSH) from Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) (L.) and development of a homologous ELISA for cfLH

Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL^?1 (1.25 ng well^?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.     

Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection

Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg^?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).     

The optimal dietary protein level of juvenile silver sillago Sillago sihama at three dietary lipid levels

A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg.     

Vitamin D3 and the renal handling of phosphate in American eels

Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D₃) increased plasma inorganic phosphate concentration in American eels,Anguilla rostrata, in a dose-dependent fashion. This response was more marked in phosphate loaded fish. In control as well as phosphate loaded eels the hyperphosphatemic response to D₃ was associated with a sharp reduction in renal phosphate clearance relative to¹⁴C-polyethelene glycol (PEG) clearance. Glomerular filtration and urine flow rates were not affected by D₃. As renal phosphate clearance, even in phosphate loaded eels, never significantly exceeded that of PEG, it is suggested that D₃ reduced the relative clearance rate of phosphate by increasing renal phosphate reabsorption rather than by reducing the tubular secretion of phosphate.