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1.
花䱻卵母细胞发育的组织学和超微结构观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2015年7月至2017年10月在河南省驻马店宿鸭湖水库采集花?(Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker)雌鱼样本190尾,体长7.12~32.21 cm,体重10.55~330.22 g,采用组织学和扫描电子显微镜技术观察了花?卵母细胞发育各时期的特征。结果表明,花?卵母细胞发育可分为5个时相,第I时相卵母细胞处于卵原细胞增殖阶段;第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞处于初级生长阶段,出现滤泡膜;第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞出现皮质液泡,细胞质膜之间形成放射带;第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞处于大生长后期,卵黄颗粒增多。电镜下观察发现放射带表面形成微孔状结构,核仁外排,可能与卵母细胞内营养物质积累有关;第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞中细胞核消失,卵母细胞发育为成熟卵子,与卵膜脱离,准备排卵。繁殖季节,花?卵巢成熟系数达到13.78%~17.04%。研究结果可为花?人工繁殖和育种工作提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
采用组织切片技术系统观察和描述了葛氏鲈塘鱧(Perccottus glenii Dybowski)卵巢各时相卵母细胞的形态结构、特征及变化。卵巢切面显示:卵母细胞发育分为6个时相:第Ⅰ时相卵母细胞由处于原始分化阶段的卵原细胞构成;第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞进入滤泡细胞期,胞外形成滤泡细胞膜:第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞由质膜向核膜逐渐积累皮质液泡:第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞主要形成卵黄颗粒:第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞为成熟的卵子,胞内含有丰富的卵黄;第Ⅵ时相卵母细胞是未排出的处于退化吸收阶段的卵细胞,卵膜破裂,卵黄被吸收。根据卵巢切片及性腺系数变化推测葛氏鲈塘鱧属于一次产卵类型。  相似文献   

3.
金钱鱼性腺发育及其组织结构观察   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
采用常规石蜡切片,H.E染色研究了金钱鱼性腺发育及组织结构特征.结果显示,2+龄的金钱鱼性腺发育成熟.金钱鱼精巢为管型,可分为:精原细胞增殖期、精母细胞生长期、精母细胞成熟期、精子细胞变态期、精子成熟期等5个时期.从Ⅱ期精巢起,金钱鱼精巢的成熟系数(GSI)为0.2%~1.5%,精巢成熟系数在发育到精子细胞成熟期(Ⅴ期)达到峰值,肝重指数(HSI)在精子细胞变态期(Ⅳ期)达到峰值.金钱鱼卵巢的卵母细胞发育过程可分为5个时相,相对应的卵巢发育亦分为5个时期.从Ⅱ期卵巢起,金钱鱼卵巢的成熟系数为1.2%~14.9%,在发育到Ⅴ期时达到峰值,HSI在Ⅳ期达到峰值.Ⅱ时相卵母细胞出现卵黄核和滤泡膜.Ⅲ时相卵母细胞中开始出现油滴,卵黄颗粒.Ⅳ时相卵母细胞中卵黄颗粒与油滴的数量迅速增多.Ⅴ时相卵母细胞中卵黄颗粒融合成片,在卵母细胞中卵黄颗粒与油球之间在数量上没有明显的差异.根据切片观察,Ⅴ期卵巢中,除了Ⅴ时相卵母细胞外,还有一定数量的Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ时相卵母细胞,卵母细胞发育呈现非同步型.并且发现在多数产完卵后的卵巢中,除空的滤泡外亦存在一定数量的Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ期卵母细胞,因此推测,金钱鱼的产卵类型为分批非同步产卵类型.  相似文献   

4.
鲶繁殖生物学的研究   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
魏刚 《水产学报》1997,21(3):225-232
嘉陵江鲶的卵母细胞划分为6个时相。第Ⅱ时相卵母细腻外不仅具有质膜,而且还有滤泡膜的结缔组织膜,第Ⅳ时相卵终细腻具漏斗状和精孔及椭圆形的精孔细腻。嘉陵江鲶的成熟年龄大多为1龄。生殖期雌雄经为2:1。繁殖季节中雌鱼的成熟系数高达14.5%。对鲶进行人工催产,成功地获得了鲶的受精卵。鲶的受精卵圆形、绿色,膨大后其直径为.05-4.57mm。温度在27.5-31℃,幼鱼孵出需要29个小时30分钟。初孵仔鱼  相似文献   

5.
翎电鳗是深受广大水族爱好者喜爱的观赏鱼类,研究其卵巢发育规律,可以为该鱼的人工繁育提供理论基础。翎电鳗成熟卵巢为囊状,泄殖孔位于体前端下颌后方。常规石蜡切片方法对其卵巢进行观察发现,翎电鳗的卵巢发育分为6个时期,卵子发育分为5个时相。4月龄雌鱼卵巢中有较多第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞,少量卵原细胞,发育至第Ⅱ期;8月龄雌鱼卵巢中含有卵原细胞、第Ⅱ时相和第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞,发育至第Ⅲ期;10月龄雌鱼卵巢中同时存在卵原细胞、第Ⅱ时相、第Ⅲ时相和第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞,发育至第Ⅳ期,达性成熟;11月龄雌鱼卵巢中第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞占主要成分,为Ⅴ期。Ⅴ期卵巢中成熟卵径的大小分布在1.08~1.15 mm和1.78~1.84 mm。翎电鳗雌性亲鱼在理想环境下存在短时间内一批卵排出后新一批次的卵成熟并被释放的可能,产卵类型属分批同步型。  相似文献   

6.
施氏鲟卵巢发育的组织学观察   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
曲秋芝 《水产学报》2004,28(5):487-492
对人工养殖施氏鲟卵巢发育的不同时期(1~8龄)进行了组织学观察,结果表明:1龄施氏鲟处于性分化早期,卵巢中卵原细胞形成增殖团;2~3龄鱼卵巢为Ⅰ期,第1时相的初级卵母细胞直径10~60μm,核大,位于细胞中央,染色质均匀分布;4~5龄卵巢为Ⅱ期,第2时相小生长期的初级卯母细胞直径60~200μm,核内含有7~26个核仁;6~7龄卵巢Ⅲ期,第3时相大生长期的初级卵母细胞直径200~1600μm,卵母细胞内出现脂肪滴、卵黄颗粒和色素颗粒。细胞膜有完整的3层结构。8龄卵巢Ⅳ期,第4时相晚期初级卵母细胞直径1600~3300μm,细胞核膜消失,核仁溶解,核由中心向动物极受精孔移动;V期卵巢的第5时相生殖细胞为成熟的卵细胞,直径3400~3750μm,从滤泡膜中释放到体腔内;Ⅵ期为产卵后的卵巢,以第2时相的卵母细胞为主:根据研究结果推测,施氏鲟卵巢再次成熟的周期为3~4年。  相似文献   

7.
采用常规解剖和组织学切片的方法,对长江上游宜宾江段长鳍吻卵巢发育、卵子发生以及成熟系数的周年变化进行了研究。研究结果表明,长鳍吻卵巢发育分为Ⅵ期,卵母细胞发育分为6个时相,第2时相中期出现卵黄核,2时相晚期迁移至皮质层破碎、消失;第3时相早期卵黄核消失位置开始出现卵黄泡,第3时相中后期放射带出现后卵黄颗粒开始积累;第5时相卵母细胞体积最大,胞径(1805±60.99)μm。卵巢成熟系数周年变化范围为0.78%~18.22%,一年内仅在4月份出现一个峰值,4—5月大部分卵巢处于Ⅳ、Ⅴ期,综合成熟系数测定和性腺组织学观察结果,初步推测长鳍吻繁殖期为3—5月,产卵盛期为4月上旬至5月上旬。  相似文献   

8.
<正> 在自然条件下,鱼类的生殖活动有明显的季节节奏,它们的性腺发育和环境有密切的联系。在鄂东地区,草鱼、鲢、鳙的雌鱼,一般在4~5龄达到性成熟,第一次性成熟的雌鱼,大多在头年冬卵母细胞进入卵黄开始沉积时相,卵巢瓦灰色。可辨识出细小卵粒,卵巢系数为2~6%。3月上旬,随着水温升高,亲鱼代谢作用增强,卵母细胞积累了大量来源于体内的和外源食物转化而来的蛋白质和脂肪,体积迅速长大。经过50~60天,到5月上旬,卵母细胞已被大量卵黄充实,达到最终大小,完成生长成熟。此时,卵巢进入Ⅳ期末,卵巢系数15~20%。  相似文献   

9.
为了解四指马鲅(Eleutheronema tetradactylum)的卵巢发育和卵子发生过程,本研究运用组织切片HE染色方法对其卵巢发育的组织结构变化和卵子发生过程中各时相卵母细胞的结构进行观察。结果显示,四指马鲅卵巢为被膜型卵巢,紧贴中肾腹面,两支卵巢前端分离于后端融合,呈"Y"字形。卵子发生过程分可分为5个时相,在II时相中期卵母细胞周围开始出现滤泡细胞,II时相晚期形成单层滤泡细胞,直至III时相中期滤泡细胞层外形成鞘膜细胞层;卵黄核在II时相中期开始出现至III时相早期消失;卵黄泡在III时相早期的细胞核附近及胞质边缘出现;卵黄颗粒在III时相晚期开始出现于卵黄泡之间,并在IV时相早期填充卵黄泡,至IV时相晚期形成卵黄小板。卵巢发育过程分为6个时期,每个时期都存在不同时相的卵母细胞;V期卵巢的卵径呈双峰分布,分别在50.00~100.00 μm和300.00~350.00 μm区间出现峰值。四指马鲅卵巢发育模式为非同步发育-分批产卵类型。  相似文献   

10.
本研究通过组织学观察,描述了黄海高眼鲽(Cleisthenes herzensteini)卵母细胞发育特征及其退化过程。高眼鲽卵母细胞发育分为5个时相:第1时相为卵原细胞,细胞体积小,细胞质少,细胞核明显;第2时相卵母细胞细胞核附近出现卵黄核;第3时相由胞质外缘向内层逐渐产生液泡并生成卵黄颗粒,出现双层滤泡膜;第4时相卵母细胞内充满卵黄,细胞核向动物极移动,放射膜增厚;第5时相细胞核溶解,卵母细胞从滤泡膜中释放出来并发生水合作用;产卵期过后,卵巢发生退化,卵黄颗粒逐渐被吞噬,放射膜溶解断裂。通过比较卵巢中各时相卵母细胞组成比例,表明卵母细胞发育具有非同步性。Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ-Ⅳ'期卵巢内卵径(长径)呈单峰分布,优势粒径组分别为0.45~0.55 mm、0.60~0.65 mm和0.40~0.50 mm;Ⅴ'期卵巢,卵径分布呈双峰型,峰值分别为0.50~0.55 mm和0.90~0.95 mm,水合卵母细胞与卵径较小的小生长期卵母细胞比例增大,呈现出明显的双峰分批产卵型特征。  相似文献   

11.
东海鳓卵巢发育的组织学观察   总被引:21,自引:3,他引:18       下载免费PDF全文
倪海儿 《水产学报》2001,25(4):T001-T002
于光镜于对东海鳓卵巢切片作了组织学观察,结果表明,5月-7月为东海鳓的繁殖期,其卵巢在Ⅳ期、Ⅴ期、Ⅵ-Ⅳ‘期和Ⅴ‘期,8月-9月鳓卵巢处在产后休整阶段;10月-翌年2月为越冬Ⅱ期卵巢;3月-4月卵巢处在产前发育阶段,在小生长期,卵核的体积较核质的体积增大快,核质比大,大小长期,随着卵黄物质的积累,卵母细胞体积快速增加, 比下降。在鳓卵母细胞发育中,曾见有两层卵膜结构,但接近成熟的卵母仅有一层卵膜。东海鳓的产卵方式为短期分批产卵类型。在一个生殖周期内,一般产卵2次。  相似文献   

12.
The biological activities of catfish LH-like (semi-purified: s200a and purified Qa) and FSH-like (semi-purified: s200b and purified: Qb) were compared in intact and hypophysectomized female catfish, Clarias batrachus, during preparatory and the pre-spawning periods on vitellogenesis and ovarian maintenance, as well as in vitro final maturation of oocytes, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). During preparatory period, in intact catfish, semi-purified FSH-like induced complete vitellogenesis through the production of estradiol-17β (E2) and vitellogenin (Vg) accompanied by the formation of SIII yolky oocytes. On the other hand, semi-purified LH-like had induced the formation of only SII (characterized by the appearance of cortical alveoli in cytoplasm) oocytes, which indicates the initiation of vitellogenesis. In hypophysectomized female catfish, purified LH-like but not FSH-like induced the formation of SII oocytes in the ovaries. Treatment with semi-purified LH- and FSH-like at the dose level of 5 µg/fish/day for 7 days significantly maintained the yolky oocytes in gravid catfish after hypophysectomy with a significant reduction in plasma Vg, but not E2 levels, indicating some unknown GtH-induced factor doing the job. In in vitro oocytes culture, both LH- and FSH-like induced GVBD, but the response was significantly more with LH-like than FSH-like. All these findings revealed that both LH-like and FSH-like have overlapping physiological functions, but their responses differ depending on the physiological status of the catfish.  相似文献   

13.
In general, female zebrafish,Brachydanio rerio, ovulate only in the presence of males. The stimulant must be pheromonal as even male holding water is capable of inducing ovulation. After ovulation the mating phase begins. During this phase the male follows the female and oviposition as well as fertilization takes place. Both the ovulation and the mating are controlled by pheromones synthesized by the gonads. Ovulation can be induced by testicular homogenates. After the lipid material has been extracted from the testicular homogenates, the remaining aqueous phase can still induce ovulation. However, when the aqueous phase is treated with the enzyme-glucuronidase, it loses the ability to induce ovulation. This is an indication that glucuronides, probably steroid glucuronides, are the compounds responsible.During the mating phase, ovulated female zebrafish become attractive to males. It was found that, after ovulation, ovarian extracts contain the compounds responsible for attracting males. The attractant consists of a mixture of steroid glucuronides.After incubation of the gonads with3H-precursors seven steroid glucuronides have been identified in the testis and five in the ovary.Under fish culture conditions the African catfish,Clarias gariepinus, can produce postivitellogenic oocytes throughout the year. However, in capitivity neither males nor females spawn. In female catfish maturation and ovulation can be induced by treatment with gonadotropins. It might be possible that, analogous to the zebrafish, some reproductive processes in the catfish have to be induced by pheromones. It has been demonstrated that pheromonal compounds released by the seminal vesicles are involved in the attraction of female conspecifics. The steroid glucuronide synthesizing capability of the testes and the seminal vesicles of the male catfish are examined, as well as that of the ovary before and after ovulation of the female catfish. Both testes and seminal vesicles appear to be capable of steroid biosynthesis but only the latter synthesizes steroid glucuronides. Six of these conjugates have been isolated and identified. In the female catfish the ovaries are capable of synthesizing seven steroid glucuronides, but only after ovulation.  相似文献   

14.
Stenohaline freshwater fish with narrow salinity tolerance are susceptible to saline stress from global climate change and anthropogenic activities. The present study elucidated that saline exposure during the sensitive window of preparatory phase of oocyte maturation significantly affected gonadosomatic index, ovarian histology and morphometric features of oocytes in a stenohaline freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) in a dose (2 ppt, 5 ppt)—and duration (8, 24 days)‐dependent manner. The gonads of H. fossilis show annual maturation cycle. Loss of integrity of ovigerous lamellae, disruption of ovarian stroma, disrupted oolemma, ooplasmic vacuolization, damaged germinal vesicles and altered morphometry of previtellogenic oocytes, such as chromatin‐nucleolus, early perinucleolar and late perinucleolar, elucidated consistent effects of saline exposure except at 8 days exposure to 2 ppt of saline. Increased salinity might have affected the transmembrane ion/water transport and disrupted the osmotic balance in ovary that eventually led to impairment in growth of ovary and oocyte maturation. The susceptibility of ovary to comparatively less concentrations of saline exposure might be due to sensitiveness of ovary/oocytes during the early phase of growth. Fluctuating salinity along with other stressors can affect metabolic and growth rates, fecundity and ultimately survival of fish.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT:   The annual reproductive cycle, including the first maturity of ovarian development and plasma levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol-17β (E2), was examined in female Japanese catfish Silurus asotus reared under natural conditions. In addition, the possible period that final oocyte maturation and ovulation can be induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection were investigated. Results showed that female Japanese catfish matured 1 year after hatching under reared conditions. The beginning of vitellogenesis was in March and ovarian development and plasma T and E2 levels peaked in June. Thereafter, the gonadosomatic index gradually decreased to October and regression of oocytes at the tertiary yolk globule stage was observed. Female Japanese catfish could be induced to final oocyte maturation and ovulation by hCG treatment during the period from June to September. In addition, the fertilization rates were relatively high and stable during this period. These results suggest that yearling female Japanese catfish can be used as brood stock for seed production. This is the first study to investigate the annual reproductive cycle in Japanese catfish. These data will provide useful information regarding brood stock management and seed production.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract. This paper studies maturity and spawning tendency of a hillstream catfish, Glyptothorax madraspatanum (Day), in the Western Nayar River, Garhwal, Central Himalaya, India. The fish is a protracted spawner as it spawns only once during the limited period from July to August. Fecundity ranges from 1640 to 6830 eggs and is more closely related to ovary weight and fish weight than ovary and fish length. There was a non-significant sex ratio of 1:1·24 between males and females.  相似文献   

17.
黄海鳀鱼的卵巢发育   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用组织切片方法和常规目测法对黄海鯷鱼的卵巢发育特征进行了研究,描述了卵巢各发育期的特征,对不同发育期卵巢内卵母细胞的发育时相组成、卵径分布、卵巢两叶及其前、中、后部发育的差异情况进行了分析。结果表明,鯷鱼卵母细胞发育不同步;Ⅱ期卵巢由1~3时相卵母细胞组成,2时相卵母细胞在数量上占优势(66.39/6);Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅵ期卵巢均由1~4时相卵母细胞组成,其主要区别在于4时相卵母细胞所占比例不同,其中Ⅳ期卵巢中最高(34.8%),Ⅲ期次之(28.69/6),Ⅵ期最低(17.8%);Ⅴ期卵巢由1~5时相卵母细胞组成,已发育成熟的5时相细胞所占比例最高(29.8%);卵巢由Ⅲ期到Ⅴ期的发育过程中,主要是3、4时相卵母细胞向4、5时相的发育,1、2时相细胞所占比例基本不变。卵母细胞的粒径分布呈明显的峰、谷特征,这与以前对该问题的“浅锯齿状分布”认知有明显不同;Ⅲ和Ⅵ期卵巢内的卵径(长径)呈单峰分布,优势粒径组均为0.5~0.6mm;Ⅳ和Ⅴ期卵巢呈双峰分布,优势粒径组分别为0.2~0.3mm、0.7~0.8mm和0.5~0.6mm、1.1~1.2mm;V期卵巢两个优势卵母细胞群在粒径分布上彼此分离,粒径较大的群内均为水合卵母细胞,呈现出明显的分批产卵特征。鯷鱼卵巢左叶大、右叶小,右/左重量比值为0.71,95%置信区间为(0.67,0.75);卵巢叶间和叶内部位间卵母细胞的发育状态无显著差异(P〉0.05)。  相似文献   

18.
曼氏无针乌贼的卵子发生及卵巢发育   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用组织学方法对人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella maindroni)卵子发生、卵巢发育周期进行组织学、细胞学观察。根据细胞大小、胞核形态及卵母细胞与滤泡细胞的关系,将曼氏无针乌贼卵子发生划分为卵原细胞期、卵母细胞期、成熟期和退化吸收期4个阶段,并阐述了各期卵母细胞的组织学特征。曼氏无针乌贼卵子发生过程具有种的特异性,大约孵化出膜12 d的乌贼可见有卵原细胞,此后进入增殖期。卵母细胞属于典型的滤泡型,发育过程中同时存在同步性与异同步性;卵母细胞无初级卵膜,只有次级卵膜和三级卵膜,次级卵膜由滤泡细胞分泌,三级卵膜由输卵管腺、缠卵腺以及墨囊分泌物共同构成。通过对卵巢的外观形态和组织学观察,将曼氏无针乌贼卵巢发育划分为6个时期。  相似文献   

19.
在繁殖季节研究了斑尾刺虾虎鱼的形态、生殖力与卵巢组织学特征。结果表明,斑尾刺虾虎鱼全长(TL)与体长(SL)、头长(HL)与体长(SL)、体长(SL)与体高(BD)、体重(BW)与空壳重(SW)、体重(BW)与体长(SL)的相关关系分别为:TL=0.779 6SL+1.793 9;HL=0.299 9SL+7.288;SL=0.783 2BD+7.324 9;BW=0.818 4SW-4.979 6;BW=0.062 9SL2.331 5。斑尾刺虾虎鱼个体绝对生殖力(F)为6 328~59 878 egg,与体长(SL)、空壳重(SW)、卵巢重(OW)的相关关系分别为F=94.972SL2-4 832.2SL+833 435;F=83.823SW+14 084;F=507.54OW+13 190。个体绝对生殖力(F)与体长、空壳重、卵巢重、成熟系数(GSI)的多元回归方程为:F=2 375.54+525.67SL-31.44SW+199.43OW+261.74GSI。斑尾刺虾虎鱼体长相对生殖力(FL)平均为88±31 egg/mm,体重相对生殖力(FW)平均为157±54 egg/g。平均卵径为1.22±0.24 mm。斑尾刺虾虎鱼IV期卵巢以第IV时相卵母细胞为主,第IV时相晚期卵母细胞开始出现油球,细胞核偏移和变形,放射带明显;Ⅴ期卵巢的卵细胞游离,卵膜外的二层滤泡膜脱落,卵细胞的外层分别有胶膜、放射带和质膜。  相似文献   

20.
池养鲻的卵巢发育和卵子发生过程   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
方永强 《水产学报》2004,28(4):353-359
通过卵巢切片的组织学分析揭示,幼鲻在土池养殖3个月后可见线状卵巢,大约5个月后卵原细胞进入第一次成熟分裂前期的双线期转变为早期初级卵母细胞。接着卵母细胞生发泡(核)和胞质体积增加,核质比从3.5:1减少至2:1。此后卵巢中卵母细胞停滞发育持续至养殖的第3年。在第3年卵巢切片看出卵母细胞进入脂肪泡时相,在第3年秋季进入卵黄发生时相。但在人工养殖条件下卵母细胞仅能发育到卵黄发生后期,即卵母细胞胞质充满卵黄颗粒,生发泡居中而不移位。这些结果对于用人工养殖鲻为亲鱼开展人工繁殖提供重要的科学依据。并讨论了卵子发生6个时相的生物学特点及其重要的细胞器在卵黄发生中可能的生理作用。  相似文献   

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