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1.
为了解秦皇岛海域赤潮的发生情况,通过利用预处理后的MODIS遥感数据,针对单波段比值法的不足,提出了多波段差值比值法来提取赤潮信息,并对两种方法进行了对比实验。实验结果证明多波段差值比值法提取的位置及面积与事实更加相符,说明该方法更适合秦皇岛海域的赤潮监测。  相似文献   

2.
为了解长江口的水质状况,现场测量叶绿素a浓度,结合高光谱遥感影像,运用波段比值模型、一阶微分模型和水体叶绿素a提取指数(Water Chlorophyll-a Index,WCI)对整个研究区域叶绿素a浓度进行反演推算,并进行空间分布评价;利用实测数据和遥感影像的关系建立反演模型,并结合相关系数、均方根误差和平均相对误差,分析和评价反演效果。结果显示,波段比值模型和叶绿素a浓度的相关性达到0.9099,均方根误差为1.7922,平均相对误差为9.09%;一阶微分模型的相关性为0.9483,均方根误差为2.2073,平均相对误差为15.31%;WCI模型的相关性高达0.9778,均方根误差为1.4405,平均相对误差为6.20%。利用WCI模型对整个研究区域的叶绿素a浓度进行模拟,可见研究区域的中间部分叶绿素a含量较低,从中间到两边逐渐增大,南部出现最大值,造成此差异的原因可能是因为北靠近居民生活区,南邻上海青草沙水库,并且附近存在植被。研究表明,WCI模型的反演效果优于波段比值模型和一阶微分模型,是一种计算简单、精度较高的方法,可以有效地提取水体叶绿素a的浓度,未来可广泛应用于水体环境质量监测。  相似文献   

3.
为了解长江口的水质状况,现场测量叶绿素a浓度,结合高光谱遥感影像,运用波段比值模型、一阶微分模型和水体叶绿素a提取指数(Water Chlorophyll-a Index, WCI)对整个研究区域叶绿素a浓度进行反演推算,并进行空间分布评价;利用实测数据和遥感影像的关系建立反演模型,并结合相关系数、均方根误差和平均相对误差分析和评价反演效果。结果显示,波段比值模型和叶绿素a浓度的相关性达到0.91,均方根误差为1.79,平均相对误差为9.09%;一阶微分模型的相关性为0.95,均方根误差为2.21,平均相对误差为15.31%;WCI模型的相关性高达0.98,均方根误差为1.44,平均相对误差为6.20%。利用WCI模型对整个研究区域的叶绿素a浓度进行模拟,可见研究区域的中间部分叶绿素a含量较低,从中间到两边逐渐增大,南部出现最大值,造成此差异的原因可能是因为北接居民生活区,南邻上海青草沙水库,并且附近存在植被。研究表明,WCI模型的反演效果优于波段比值模型和一阶微分模型,是一种计算简单、精度较高的方法,可以有效地提取水体叶绿素a的浓度,未来可广泛应用于水体环境质量监测。  相似文献   

4.
根据2017年夏季长江口海域的两个连续站位的温盐深仪剖面调查及24 h水样的采样数据,获得两个站位的温度、盐度、叶绿素a及营养盐剖面昼夜分布。利用回归分析法,研究各水层环境因子对叶绿素a的影响,建立不同水层叶绿素a变化与环境因子、浮游动物捕食效应的多元回归模型,并探讨长江口海域夏季叶绿素a昼夜动态变化机制。研究结果显示,夏季长江口海域表层受长江冲淡水的影响显著,表层叶绿素a质量浓度下午较高(1.0~7.0 mg/m3),底层叶绿素a受到台湾暖流中下层水团的影响,质量浓度较低(0.2~1.0 mg/m3)。相关分析表明,表层叶绿素a的昼夜变化主要受到高营养盐的长江冲淡水、光照度的影响,而底层叶绿素a主要受到潮汐作用和台湾暖流带来的低营养盐水团的周期性影响,两个站位叶绿素a垂直分布、昼夜时间序列分布差异性均不显著(P>0.05)。多元回归分析表明,长江口海域的表层营养盐是影响表层叶绿素a昼夜动态变化的主要因素,而浮游动物捕食作用对叶绿素a的影响并不显著(P>0.05)。潮汐作用带来的盐分和营养物质(Si∶N和N∶P)对底层叶绿素a昼夜变化的影响显著(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

5.
海洋环境对东、黄海鲐鱼灯光围网捕捞效率的影响   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
根据1999年8月至2003年12月,东、黄海大型鲐够灯光围网捕捞量与捕捞努力量数据,利用逐步回归广义加性模型(GAM,Generalized Additive Models)分析了月光亮度(用农历日表示)和海洋遥感数据(海表水温、海表水温距平、海表水温梯度、叶绿素a浓度、叶绿素a浓度距平、风速、平均海面高度距平、涡动能)共9个环境要素与名义单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE,Catch Per Unit Effort)的关系,以研究其对大型鲐鱼灯光围网捕捞效率的影响.研究表明,32°N以北渔场,海表水温、农历日、平均海面高度距平、海表温度梯度及风速与名义CPUE(名义CPUE加1取对数,下同)存在显著关系;而29 °N以南渔场,平均海面高度距乎、农历日、风速、涡动能,海表温度距平与名义CPUE存在显著关系;南、北渔场,叶绿素a浓度及其距平与名义CPUE不存在显著关系.研究认为,在南、北渔场,月光亮度越亮、风速增强均会使捕捞效率降低,捕捞效率较高的位置常分布于平均海面高度距平高值与低值之间的一些海域;北部渔场,海表温度降低有利于捕捞效率的提高,海表温度梯度对捕捞效率的影响是负效应;南部渔场,海表温度距平过高或过低均不利于捕捞效率的提高,涡动能较大有利于提高鲐鱼的捕捞效率.  相似文献   

6.
基于遥感和GIS(Geographic information system)技术,利用2000~2015年的底拖网调查数据和海表温度、叶绿素a浓度以及海水温度梯度等遥感数据,在定性分析黄海中南部越冬鳀(Engraulis japonicus)资源密度分布与环境因子关系的基础上,利用时空和环境因子构建GAM (Generalized additive model)模型进行定量分析。结果显示,时空因子(年、下网时间、经度和纬度)和环境因子对越冬鳀资源密度的总偏差解释率为44.76%,其中,时空因子对其的影响均显著,以空间因子影响最大,对总偏差的解释率为35.4%;环境因子中,水深、海表温度和温度梯度对其影响显著,而叶绿素a浓度影响不显著;越冬鳀分布的最适海表温度、叶绿素a浓度和海表温度梯度范围分别为7~11℃、1.2~2.3 mg/m3和0.7~2.5℃。研究结果对环境变动下的渔业管理具有重要意义。  相似文献   

7.
中东大西洋中部海域鲐鱼渔场的时空变化初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据2012年1—8月中国大型拖网渔船在中东大西洋中部海域联合国粮食与农业组织34渔区3.11和1.32小区(北纬16°~22°,西经16°~19°)的鲐鱼渔业数据以及遥感获取的海洋环境数据,利用渔获量重心法、地统计插值、广义加性模型等方法,对该海域中层拖网鲐鱼平均单位捕捞努力量渔获量的月变化、鲐鱼中心渔场的时空变动、鲐鱼渔场中心与环境因子(叶绿素a含量与海表温度)的分布、鲐鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量与各影响因子(海表温度、叶绿素a含量、经度、纬度)的关系进行了分析。结果表明,该海域各月鲐鱼平均单位捕捞努力量渔获量基本呈现先减少后增加的趋势;鲐鱼中心渔场的分布具有明显的月变化,基本呈现先往东南方向推移,且在4月份到达最东南端,然后往西北推移趋势;不同月份渔场中心叶绿素a含量为0~10mg/m3,且渔场中心叶绿素a含量为3~8mg/m3居多。不同月份渔场中心的海表温度为17.3~27.6℃,且渔场中心的海表温度为20~21℃居多。广义加性模型模型分析表明,鲐鱼渔场的最适海表温度为19~22℃,最适叶绿素a含量为4.481~7.388mg/m3,经度集中在西经16°30′附近,纬度集中在北纬18°30′位置附近。海洋环境与鲐鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获的回归方程的显著性检验表明,海表温度、叶绿素a含量和经度在单位捕捞努力量渔获量上的回归均极显著(P0.01)且显著性强弱顺序依次为海表温度、经度和叶绿素a含量,而纬度在单位捕捞努力量渔获量上的回归不显著(P0.05)。中东大西洋中部海域联合国粮食与农业组织34渔区3.11和1.32小区鲐鱼渔场的时空变化与几内亚湾暖流、加那利寒流等洋流不同月份的强弱变化关系密切。本研究得出的渔场最适海表温度和最适叶绿素a含量可以作为预报该海域潜在鲐鱼渔场的指标之一。  相似文献   

8.
海洋环境因子对日本海太平洋褶柔鱼渔场时空分布的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
根据2010—2013年11—12月日本海太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus)的渔获生产数据,并结合遥感获取的海洋环境数据,利用渔获量重心法、地统计插值和数理统计方法,分析了太平洋褶柔鱼的资源丰度与渔获量重心的时空变化及其与主要环境因子(海表温度、叶绿素浓度、海流)之间的关系。研究表明,渔场重心每年稍有差异,经度重心集中在132°20′E附近;纬度重心集中在36°30′N和37°30′N两个位置附近。GAM模型显示,日本海太平洋褶柔鱼渔场的最适海表温度为16~18℃;最适叶绿素a浓度为0.37~0.45 mg/m3。海洋环境与单位捕捞努力渔获量(CPUE)的回归方程的显著性检验表明,除了叶绿素a浓度呈一般显著外,海表温度和空间因子在CPUE上的回归均极显著(P0.01),符合统计意义。4年间渔场的适宜环境范围有所差异,推断主要是日本海海域对马暖流、东朝鲜暖流与里曼寒流相互交汇的强弱作用力引起的,也有不同年份季风的强弱不同以及全球气候变化的因素存在。每一年的渔场海洋环境因子稍有差别,对其资源量的影响巨大。  相似文献   

9.
为深入全面地认识阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)的繁殖策略,本研究选取2018—2021年西南大西洋公海海域收集的阿根廷滑柔鱼雄性成熟个体样本,利用残差指标分析法计算体质量–胴长标准差作为个体的体征指标,并利用混合效应模型分析体征和性腺指数与栖息海域主要环境因子之间的关系。结果显示,阿根廷滑柔鱼雄性成熟个体的胴长为143~291 mm,体质量为89~559 g,体型以2020年的最大,2018年的最小。2018年和2020年成熟个体的体质量–胴长幂函数关系b值与匀速生长(b=3)存在显著性差异。体征以2020年的体征最好,2018年和2021年的体征较差;性腺指数则以2020年的最低, 2018年和2021年次之。体征与海表温度和叶绿素a质量浓度存在显著的相关关系,在海表温度为9.0~12.5 ℃时,体征随海表温度的增加呈下降趋势;在叶绿素a质量浓度为1 mg/m3左右,体征处于较佳状态。性腺指数仅与海表温度存在显著的相关关系,在海表温度为15 ℃左右处于较大值。以上结果表明,阿根廷滑柔鱼雄性成熟个体的体征与生殖投入存在权衡,海表温度对体征和生殖投入均有显著影响,且叶绿素a质量浓度也对体征产生显著影响。  相似文献   

10.
西北印度洋大眼金枪鱼渔场预报模型建立与模块开发   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据1990—2003年印度洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓渔业数据和美国国家海洋和大气管理局提供的海表温度、叶绿素-a历史环境数据,应用环境因子叠加方法,构建了西印度洋大眼金枪鱼渔场预报模型,用于金枪鱼渔场预报。分析得出各月适宜海表温度、叶绿素-a浓度范围和历史高产区空间位置;导入实时海表温度、叶绿素-a等遥感栅格数据,分别提取适宜海表温度、适宜叶绿素-a浓度和历史高产区的空间栅格数据集,最后在空间上对3种栅格数据进行空间叠加并取交集。交集所指空间区域即为大眼金枪鱼潜在渔场位置。通过精度检验,表明该模型渔场预报精度为60.5%。并以VC++6.0工具为开发平台,对此模型进行了设计开发,实现了模块预报西北印度洋大眼金枪鱼渔场。  相似文献   

11.
王年斌  宋国庆  杨斌  陈丹凤 《水产科学》2007,26(11):601-605
为了实现赤潮灾害预报的智能化,加快赤潮灾害预报业务化的进程,本研究基于细胞密度阈值法赤潮统计预报模型的基础上,提出了细胞密度阈值法赤潮预报软件的设计方案和实现流程。赤潮灾害预测预报软件框架分为二部分,RedTide_Server、RedTide_Platform。RedTide_Server提供多用户访问的服务功能,RedTide_Platform接受客户端的应用请求,并将应用模块计算结果回传给客户端。软件采用模块化设计,既可以在统一的集成环境下(赤潮信息平台系统)运行,也可以独立于集成环境单独运行,用户只需输入相关参数,软件将自动计算出结果,并对结果做出预测预报。  相似文献   

12.
2000-2013年中国南部近海赤潮发生规律及影响因素研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用历年中国海洋环境质量公报、灾害公报、南海海洋环境质量公报以及相关统计数据,以2000-2013年广东省、广西壮族自治区和海南省发生的赤潮事件为对象,研究了中国南部近海赤潮发生的时空动态、赤潮生物的生态演替以及与温度、营养盐、地理水文要素和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件(ENSO)的关联。结果表明:(1)时间分布上,赤潮高发期为2月和8月,9月和12月发生频次较低;(2)空间分布上,赤潮集中发生在珠江口以及大鹏湾、大亚湾、深圳湾3个海湾,汕头港、汕尾港、湛江港以及涠洲岛、硇洲岛附近也是赤潮频发海域;(3)引发赤潮的生物共检出31种,包括甲藻20种、硅藻5种、金藻2种、蓝藻2种、黄藻1种、原生动物1种,共检出149次,其中以金藻门的球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)、甲藻门的锥状施克里普藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)、红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)以及硅藻门的中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)出现次数较多;(4)赤潮生物存在着明显的季节演替现象,温度和营养盐结构对赤潮爆发及其优势种演替起关键作用,高通量的陆源污染物与弱化的水动力相互叠加为诱发赤潮提供了条件,而厄尔尼诺效应强度与赤潮发生面积呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

13.
Heavy infection with epitheliocystis on gills caused mortality in hatchery-born Sparus aurata. Histopathological findings showed extensive proliferation of the gill epithelium around the epitheliocystis capsule. Such proliferation was not observed in benign infections. Epizootic infections thus occurred only in hatchery-born S. aurata. In S. aurata and mullets reared from natural stocks, infection remained benign and sporadic. Epitheliocystis infections were also found in juvenile mullets from the east Mediterranean waters as well as from the Gulf of Elat, Red Sea.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT:   Larval and juvenile ayu from seven year-groups (1986, 1987, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1999 and 2000) were collected in the Shimanto Estuary and adjacent coastal waters. The present study focuses on the variation among year-groups in the hatching period estimated by age determination using the otolith. The hatching period of the dominant cohorts in the 1986, 1987 and 1992 year-groups occurred from late October to mid-November. A delay of the hatching period of the dominant cohort was observed from the 1995 year-group, which occurred in late November to early December, and the dominant periods in the 1996, 1999 and 2000 year-groups were observed from early to late December. It appears that the delay of the hatching period of dominant cohorts was not due to a delay of spawning, but a high mortality of early hatched larvae. The water temperature in autumn in the coastal waters adjacent to the Shimanto River has tended to rise over the past 20 years and this trend was especially notable in the late 1990s. The delay in the hatching period of the dominant cohort observed from the 1995 year-group was likely to be related to the rise in seawater temperatures in autumn.  相似文献   

15.
宋利明  惠明明 《海洋渔业》2012,34(2):145-153
利用2006年10月至次年1月在马绍尔群岛海域与2009年10~12月和2010年11月至次年1月在吉尔伯特群岛海域延绳钓探捕所取得的黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)的生物学数据,应用统计学方法对两个海域的黄鳍金枪鱼生物学特性进行分析、比较。结果表明:(1)马绍尔群岛海域和吉尔伯特群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼的优势叉长分别为120~140 cm和100~140 cm,平均叉长分别为(129±1.08)cm和(119±0.78)cm,差异性显著;(2)性别比例(雄性∶雌性)分别约为1.07∶1和1.40∶1,无显著性差异;(3)马绍尔群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼的性腺成熟度高于吉尔伯特群岛北部海域,吉尔伯特群岛北部海域黄鳍金枪鱼的性腺成熟度高于南部;(4)摄食等级均以0和1级为主,其中马绍尔群岛海域分别占48.31%和35.96%,吉尔伯特群岛海域分别占27.91%和40.70%,无显著性差异;(5)两海域原条鱼重与叉长的关系无显著性差异;(6)马绍尔群岛海域的黄鳍金枪鱼可能是从吉尔伯特群岛海域洄游过去的。  相似文献   

16.
  1. Common dolphin distribution in the western Mediterranean is still poorly known, with the exception of the Alboran Sea. In French waters, the species occurrence is suspected to have strongly decreased during the 20th century.
  2. Small boat dedicated surveys from 1988 to 2012 were undertaken to describe common dolphin distribution in five regions of French waters and three southern regions of the western basin. A total survey effort of 38,561 km resulted in sightings of 25 common dolphin groups in the western basin.
  3. Common dolphins were rarely observed off the French continental coast, more frequently around Corsica, and were quite frequent in waters off western Sardinia. Their most favoured habitat was found to be in neritic or upper slope waters.
  4. The analysis of stranding records suggested that common dolphins were more abundant in French inshore waters prior to 1980.
  5. A major increase of pelagic fish landings occurred from the beginning of the 1960s in the western part of French waters. Local populations of common dolphins may have declined as a consequence of prey depletion.
  相似文献   

17.
Red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, were induced to ovulate following injections of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG). Females were injected initially with 1.1 IU/g body weight. When subsequent injections were necessary, 0.55 IU/g of body weight was used. Ovulation occurred between 42 and 56 h following injection. Eggs were wet stripped and fertilized simultaneously with sperm from two males. Initial mitosis was detected 30 min post fertilization. Hatching occurred in 20 h at 27°C.  相似文献   

18.
  1. Fresh waters are among the most endangered ecosystems in the world. Practical tools to measure their biodiversity value are needed for their effective conservation. Besides species richness, other aspects of biodiversity, including the threat level of species also need to be considered. Currently, existing scoring methods for assessing the conservation value of freshwater fauna and flora assemblages are varied, and guidelines to select an appropriate method are lacking.
  2. In this paper, it is hypothesized that scores to assess the conservation value of assemblages can vary markedly according to the type of method used. To test this, four types of scoring methods were applied differing in the weight given to Red List categories and in the expression of the score, i.e. either using mean per species or the assemblage as a whole, on sets of dragonfly and macrophyte data collected from varied types of small lakes and ponds in three different countries (France, Switzerland and South Africa).
  3. The comparison of the different types of methods showed that the type of method used had a marked impact on the assessment of the conservation value of a water body: the expression per species or per assemblage as the weight given to Red List categories changed the value of a given water body.
  4. Overall, results also confirmed that the different types of methods could be applicable in different geographical areas and types of standing water bodies, independently of the original area where the method was developed.
  5. Results illustrated that, besides the species richness assessment commonly used, calculating conservation value as a mean per species is useful because it provides additional information. Overall, using methods expressed as a mean per species and coupling the Red List with other criteria gave the best performance.
Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

19.
Striped marlin (Kajikia audax) is an epipelagic fish distributed in oceanic and coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean. This species is usually found in warm and coastal waters with high primary productivity. The main goal of this study was to describe the spatial segregation of striped marlin by average Eye‐Fork length (EFL) in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) and its relationship with environmental variables using EFL data obtained from tuna purse‐seining and Generalized Additive Models (GAMs). The model suggested that larger individuals of striped marlin were more likely to be found in waters with high Chlorophyll‐a concentration (>2 mg/m3) and with temperatures lower than 25°C, within a region known as the “cold tongue” and the Humboldt current system, while smaller individuals were more likely to be found in warmer and low productive areas within a region known as the “warm pool of the EPO.” We observed that set type caused a large variation on average EFL of striped marlin; larger fish were captured in sets associated with floating objects (natural and manmade), while smaller fish were captured in sets associated with dolphins. Despite this, our findings suggest that striped marlin has a latitudinal gradient in average EFL; larger individuals occurred predominantly south of 10°N, while smaller ones occurred predominantly in coastal waters between 10°N and 20°N, thus demonstrating a spatial segregation of the species affected by its maturity stage.  相似文献   

20.
The arrival of the warm tropical Leeuwin Current (LC) into southern Western Australia (SWA) may influence the movement timing and foraging habitat of juvenile southern bluefin tuna (SBT). Seasonal and interannual changes in the strength of the LC lead to thermal differences and potential changes in food availability between tropical and temperate waters in SWA. This phenomenon could influence the habitat utilization of SBT in these summer grounds. Movement characteristics determined from SBT tagged with acoustic transmitters (N = 244) using cross‐shelf lines of automated receivers for three summer‐autumn seasons (2004/2005, 2005/2006, 2006/2007) in SWA revealed interannual variability. Each year, the eastward movements of tagged fish increased as temperatures increased, and fish left the region when temperatures exceeded 20.0°C, a temperature indicative of the leading edge of the LC in SWA waters. Interannual fluctuations in the timing of movements were detected. When the LC was narrow and restricted to the shelf edge in 2004/2005, the distribution of SBT in shelf waters did not change before or after LC intrusion. In contrast, long distance eastward movements frequently occurred when the LC intrusion was spread wide over the continental shelf in 2005/2006 and 2006/2007. This suggests that, off SWA, juvenile SBT move quickly out of local foraging habitats defined by cool sub‐tropical temperate waters ahead of the tropical LC intrusion, despite these waters not being physiologically limiting. These results suggest that the behavioural response of SBT may be related to changes in prey availability as a result of changes in oceanographic conditions.  相似文献   

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