共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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采用室内静水法,研究了虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus残饵、鱼类粪便、鱼类养殖网箱沉积物及微藻的摄食行为,分析了基于虾夷扇贝的鱼＋贝多营养层次的综合养殖（IMTA）模式的可能性。研究结果显示,虾夷扇贝对鱼粪、残饵及鱼类养殖网箱沉积物都可摄食,但对微藻的滤水率和摄食率最高,显著高于其他实验组(ANOVA, P<0.01);微藻组、残饵组和鱼粪组之间的吸收效率没有显著性差异,但都显著高于沉积物组。吸收效率（AE）与有机物比率（f）呈正相关关系：AE(％)＝38.84lnf+72.7 (R2=0.378);对有机物的吸收率（AR）与有机物浓度（POM）呈线性正相关关系：AR＝0.118×POM-0.555 (R2=0.329)。假粪产生时颗粒物TPM浓度的阈值为24.09mg/L。 相似文献
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3种滤食性贝类对塔玛亚历山大藻的摄食研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
20 0 3年 4月在实验室内采用静水法 ,研究了长牡蛎、紫贻贝、栉孔扇贝对塔玛亚历山大藻的清滤率 (CR)和摄食率 (IR) ,实验时间持续 3d ,水温 17℃。实验中每 1种贝都分别投喂 :(1)叉鞭金藻 (对照藻 ) ,(2 )叉鞭金藻 +塔玛亚历山大藻去藻过滤液 1.5L ,(3)叉鞭金藻 +塔玛亚历山大藻细胞。结果表明 ,塔玛亚历山大藻过滤液 ,对 3种贝的清滤率的无明显影响 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;3种贝对塔玛亚历山大藻和叉鞭金藻混合液的清滤率与对照组相比明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;而对塔玛亚历山大藻的摄食率和保留率 3d间无显著变化 ;实验期间 ,随时间的变化 ,牡蛎对混合液的清滤率变化最大 ,贻贝次之 ,扇贝则无明显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;如果以摄食率作为指标 ,贻贝在控制赤潮方面的潜力较大 ,值得今后进一步研究。 相似文献
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沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类摄食生理的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用室内模拟实验法研究了不同浓度的沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种经济贝类的滤水率、摄食率和吸收效率影响。结果表明,(1)沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类的滤水率、摄食率和吸收效率有明显的影响(P<0.05)。(2)在一定浓度范围内,3种贝类的滤水率和摄食率随沉积再悬浮颗粒物浓度的增大而增大,当再悬浮颗粒物浓度超过一定浓度后,滤水率和摄食率迅速下降。(3)实验期间(24h),随时间的变化,总悬浮颗粒物浓度为20～100mg/L时,3种滤食性贝类的滤水率呈现周期性的升降变化,总悬浮颗粒物对不同时间段3种贝类的滤水率的影响显著(P<0.05)。300和500mg/L时,总悬浮颗粒物对不同时间段栉孔扇贝和紫贻贝滤水率的影响不明显(P>0.05),而对菲律宾蛤仔滤水率的影响显著(P<0.05);在6～24h时间段,3种贝类的滤水值多次出现负值。(4)吸收效率随沉积再悬浮颗粒物浓度的增大而减小,与悬浮颗粒物有机质的百分含量的变化趋势相一致。本研究表明,沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类的摄食生理有显著的影响。 相似文献
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几种因子对海洋滤食性贝类摄食率的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
国外对滤食性贝类摄食生理生态的研究报道很多,特别是对几个环境因子,如海水的温度、盐度、pH值、流速以及饵料的结构和浓度对摄食生理的影响进行了广泛而深入的研究。国内对于这方面的研究近几年也逐渐趋热。本文综述了这些研究成果。 相似文献
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我国是世界海水滤食性贝类养殖第一大国,滤食性贝类及其所处的近海生态系统与碳的生物地球化学过程关系密切。本文概述了滤食性贝类养殖碳汇研究进展,分析了目前在支撑数据的科学性和系统性、对关键过程和机理认知等方面存在的问题,提出了后续在碳汇形成过程和机制的基础研究、方法学研发和交易体系建设、碳汇扩增模式构建和产业化应用等亟需持续深入的方向。研究结果将为深入认识和科学评估滤食性贝类养殖生态系统的碳汇效应及其服务国家“双碳”战略目标的潜力提供科学依据。 相似文献
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研究了多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)对虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)、栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)、褶牡蛎(Ostrea plicatula)、贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)5种双壳贝类的摄食选择性和对栉孔扇贝的摄食节律。结果显示,在有或无日本蟳、刺参等干扰饵料的条件下,多棘海盘车对于5种双壳贝类均可摄食,且表现出明显的摄食选择性。其中,多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的摄食选择性均显著高于其他4种贝类(P<0.05),分别为5.7、5.0、5.7、5.3、6.0只/d,干扰饵料的加入并没有对多棘海盘车的摄食选择性造成显著影响。同时,采用定时投喂饵料的方式,每隔4 h投喂一次栉孔扇贝,多棘海盘车表现出显著地昼夜摄食节律。其18：00–翌日06：00的摄食量显著高于06：00–18：00的摄食量(P<0.05),分别为60%和40%,多棘海盘车的摄食高峰出现在18：00–22：00,摄食频率达到58%,显著高于其他时段(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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研究了多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)对虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)、栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)、褶牡蛎(Ostrea plicatula)、贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum) 5种双壳贝类的摄食选择性和对栉孔扇贝的摄食节律。结果显示,在有或无日本蟳、刺参等干扰饵料的条件下,多棘海盘车对于5种双壳贝类均可摄食,且表现出明显的摄食选择性。其中,多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的摄食选择性均显著高于其他4种贝类(P<0.05),分别为5.7、5.0、5.7、5.3、6.0只/d,干扰饵料的加入并没有对多棘海盘车的摄食选择性造成显著影响。同时,采用定时投喂饵料的方式,每隔4 h投喂一次栉孔扇贝,多棘海盘车表现出显著地昼夜摄食节律。其18:00–翌日06:00的摄食量显著高于06:00–18:00的摄食量(P<0.05),分别为60%和40%,多棘海盘车的摄食高峰出现在18:00–22:00,摄食频率达到58%,显著高于其他时段(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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设置低、中、高3个初始养殖密度(1 g/L、4 g/L、8 g/L),进行40 d的养殖实验,研究慢性拥挤胁迫对子二代中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis Gray)幼鱼生长、摄食及行为的影响.研究表明,慢性拥挤胁迫对子二代中华鲟的生长和摄食有显著影响,体质量、体质量特定生长率、体长特定生长率、日增重随着养殖密度的升高显著降低(P<0.05),实验结束时,高密度组肥满度显著低于中、低密度组(P<0.05);各实验组的摄食率随着养殖密度的升高而降低,饵料系数随着养殖密度的升高而升高(P<0.05).慢性拥挤胁迫对子二代中华鲟的行为也有显著的影响,随着养殖密度的增大,表现为呼吸频率、摆尾频率和游动速度显著加快等应急行为.研究结果表明高养殖密度对中华鲟的生长、摄食和行为存在显著的负面作用,不利于中华鲟幼鱼生长发育. 相似文献
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N. Ridler M. Wowchuk B. Robinson K. Barrington T. Chopin S. Robinson 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1):99-110
Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture is one approach to mitigate ecological effects of finfish mariculture, and its benefits are prompting increased interest among researchers and commercial growers worldwide. A project in the Bay of Fundy in eastern Canada has demonstrated the biological and technical feasibility of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, with uniformly positive results. This paper examines its economic and social implications. Capital-budgeting results suggest that using the waste of one crop as feed for another can increase profits. Scenario analysis also indicates that financial risks are reduced if weather-related or market risk for the various species are not correlated. Surveys indicate a positive perception towards integrated multi-trophic aquaculture by the public, which should assist integrated multi-trophic aquaculture applicants for site licences, and perhaps reduce litigation and lobbying by aquaculture opponents. 相似文献
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Isabella Tucciarone;Giulia Secci;Barbara Contiero;Giuliana Parisi; 《Reviews in Aquaculture》2024,16(4):2064-2076
A literature search approach (using Scopus®, Elsevier© database) was established to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English between 1960 and 2023 dealing with ‘sustainable aquaculture’ and focusing on specific aquaculture practices (aquaponics, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, biofloc and recirculating aquaculture systems). Text Mining combined with Topic Analysis was utilized to extract information from the text data of the papers identified. After an appropriate screening procedure, 1111 articles were selected. The analysis showed a gradual increase in sustainable aquaculture publications over time, peaking at more than 200 publications in 2023. The first articles on biofloc, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and recirculating aquaculture systems as alternative aquaculture practices began to appear in 2010, while studies in aquaponics have only been published since 2015. Most publications (40%) came from Asia, in line with the leadership of this continent in aquaculture. European also showed considerable interest in sustainable aquaculture practices, with Italy (leader in publications), Portugal and Germany researchers contributing with 111 papers on the subject in the past 30 years. This study identified the main research topics on the subject and observed how these have evolved. The papers analysed dealt mainly with optimization of aquatic life, genetic in aquaculture and disease management. The topic of protein replacement in feed was also important, with the term ‘diet’ the most frequently utilized in papers. The subjects identified could serve as valuable primary data source, offering opportunities for deeper examination, such as systematic reviews on research topics or geographic regions. 相似文献
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Roberto Martinez-Espiñeira Thierry Chopin Shawn Robinson Anthony Noce Duncan Knowler Winnie Yip 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2016,20(1):1-23
Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is the farming, in proximity, of aquaculture species from different trophic levels and with complementary ecosystem functions. IMTA allows one species’ uneaten feed and wastes, nutrients, and by-products to be recaptured and converted into fertilizer, feed, and energy for the other crops. By taking advantage of synergistic interactions between species, IMTA can help aquaculture evolve towards more responsible and sustainable systems. This study uses data from a contingent valuation survey to provide an estimation of the non-use benefits that, in the form of biomitigation of the external costs imposed on the marine environment, would be derived by Canadians from the adoption of IMTA for Atlantic salmon aquaculture. We find the benefits accruing to households who do not purchase salmon habitually would range between about $43 million/year and about $65 million/year for the next five years, depending on the treatment of ‘don’t know’ responses to the payment question. 相似文献
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桑沟湾海水中悬浮颗粒物的动态变化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
用常规调查分析结合自动监测法对桑沟湾海水中悬浮颗粒物的季节性变化、水平与垂直分布作了全面的调查。结果表明，该湾总悬浮颗粒物和有机悬浮颗粒物的月平均数量变动范围分别为４．６２～４０．０６和１．９０～６．１４ｍｇ／Ｌ；叶绿．素α和悬浮颗粒物的质量变动范围分别为０．９５～９．６８μｇ／Ｌ和０．０７～０．８０μｇ／ｍｇ。悬浮颗粒物质量的周日变化与潮流运动有关；而其数量无明显的周日变化。悬浮颗粒物质量的水平分布趋势为从湾口到湾底逐渐增加；数量的水平分布趋势与之相反。悬浮颗粒物数量的垂直分布趋势为从上到下逐渐升高；质量垂直分布趋势与之相反。在扇贝养殖区内由于扇贝的消耗，中层水中悬浮颗粒物的数量与质量最小。 相似文献
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《Reviews in Aquaculture》2018,10(3):560-572
Fish farming in open water releases dissolved and particulate waste (inorganic and organic) into the surrounding marine environment. To reduce this environmental impact, commercial extractive species can be grown alongside to utilize and reduce this waste, a technique known as integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA ). Information is lacking on whether (i) IMTA is generally successful with respect to extractive species growth responses and (ii) at what spatial scale they can be cultivated from fish cage nutrient sources. Focussing on bivalves and macroalgae as extractive species, this study uses a meta‐analysis approach to summarize and conclude peer‐reviewed data on IMTA to address these information gaps. We show that there are clear benefits to integrating bivalves and macroalgae with fish farms. Bivalves grown within, and relatively near, fish cages (0 m and 1–60 m distance categories, respectively) showed significantly higher biomass production relative to controls compared to those grown at larger spatial scales (61+ m). However, biomass production of macroalgae was significantly higher than controls only within close proximity to fish cages (0 m). This information shows increased extractive species production is generally greatest at relatively small spatial scales. It also highlights the need for more site‐specific information (e.g. seawater parameters, hydrodynamics, food supply, farm capacity) in future studies. The allocation of control sites and locating these at suitable distances (>1–8 km) from fish farm effluent sources to avoid fish farm nutrient contamination are also recommended. 相似文献
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《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(6):2803-2811
The brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis and the seaweed Ulva clathrata, both native to north‐west Mexico, were co‐cultured in lined ponds during 18 weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate different stocking densities (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 per m2) in terms of shrimp yield to see if the co‐culture method results in shrimp yields suitable for commercial production. The presence of Ulva results in good water quality and allows culture of brown shrimp with low water exchange (10% weekly) and with low nitrogen and phosphorus content in discharged water. The final weight and specific growth rate (SGR) in shrimp between 10 and 30 per m2 were significantly higher (12.5–12.0 g and 4.56–4.53% day−1 respectively) than 40 and 50 per m2 (9.1 and 8.6 g, and 4.31% and 4.26% day−1 respectively). Total shrimp biomass generated in 30 or more shrimp per m2 was significantly higher (2.7–3.1 t ha−1) compared with 10 and 20 shrimp per m2 (1.0 and 2.0 t ha−1 respectively). The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (0.97) was shown in the 10 shrimp per m2 case, and the highest FCR was seen with 50 shrimp per m2 (1.37). Shrimp survival ranged between 71% and 81%, where the highest mortality was shown in 50 shrimp per m2. The results show that the co‐culture method can result in commercially interesting yields, suggesting that 30 shrimp per m2 is the best stocking density for co‐culturing F. californiensis with U. clathrata, based on the shrimp performance. 相似文献
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Tania Morata Silvia Falco Isabel Gadea Javier Sospedra Miguel Rodilla 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(1):59-74
This study examined the effects of organic enrichment on water column, sediments and macrofauna caused by a fish farm in the Mediterranean Sea. Samples were collected on four sampling campaigns over a one‐year cycle. Significant differences were found in the water column in dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus concentrations between the fish farm and the control. The increase in the dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate concentrations at the fish farm modified the stoichiometric ratios between nutrients, with silicate acting as limiting nutrient at the fish farm 11% more than at the control. Nevertheless, chlorophyll a concentration in the water column was higher at the control station, probably due to the fouling of the underwater fish farm structures. Significant differences were found in sediment concentrations of organic matter, total phosphorus and redox potential between the fish farm and the control. The Canonical Correlation Analysis indicated that organic matter, total phosphorus, redox potential and% of gravels accounted for 68.9% of the total variance in the species data. Changes were observed in macrofauna, with a decrease in number of species and up to a nine‐fold increase in abundance with respect to the control. 相似文献
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鱼、虾、蟹养殖池塘清塘排水水质及污染强度 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为准确估计混养鱼、青虾、河蟹养殖池塘清塘时污染物的排放强度,实验选取三种类型池塘(混养鱼塘、青虾塘、河蟹塘)各5口。混养鱼塘清塘时一边捕捞一边用潜水泵排水;青虾塘在捕捞完成后即用潜水泵排水;河蟹塘在捕捞完成后1个月左右采用自流装置从表层开始排水并滞留30 cm水于塘内。采集三类池塘清塘前塘内水样及清塘过程中排水口水样,分析总氮、总磷、化学耗氧量和悬浮物等污染物浓度。分别以塘内水质和排水口水质的监测值估算了污染物的表观排放强度和实际排放强度。结果表明,随着塘内水位下降,混养鱼塘和青虾塘排水口的污染物浓度显著提高(P0.05)。混养鱼塘的实际污染强度显著高于其表观污染强度(P0.05)。然而河蟹池塘污染物的实际排放强度却显著低于表观排放强度(P0.05)。结果提示以塘内水质来估算池塘养殖污染物排放强度有明显误差;通过改进排水技术可以削减养殖污染排放量。 相似文献