2004年1月1日起长江水域禁止深水张网、插网、三层刺网作业

长江渔业资源管理委员会就长江水域深水张网、插网、三层刺网作业调整工作发出通知：长江水域的深水张网、插网和三层刺网等渔具捕捞强度极大，对长江渔业资源破坏十分严重，已成为有害渔具。为了加强对长江渔业资源，特别是长江刀鲚、凤鲚资源的保护和合理利用，维护渔场生产秩序，农业部发布的《长江刀鲚凤鲚专项管理暂行规定》第６条规定“自２００４年１月１日起，全年禁止深水张网、插网和三层刺网作业。”近日，长江渔业资源管理委员会就贯彻落实此项工作发出通知。通知要求，沿江各省（市）渔业行政主管部门及渔政管理机构要充分认识…     

长江中、下游渔业资源监测站成立

<正> 为更好地保护、增殖和合理利用长江渔业资源,及时掌握长江中、下游渔业资源变化动态,并为加强渔政管理提供科学依据,经长江中、下游渔业资源管理委员会批准,现正式成立长江中、下游渔业资源监测网中、下游监测站。长江中游渔业资源监测站没在湖北省沙市市     

2004年1月1日起长江水域禁止深水张网、插网、三层刺网作业

（本刊讯）来自农业部东海区渔政渔港监督管理局的消息，长江渔业资源管理委员会就长江水域深水张网、插网、三层刺网作业调整工作发出通知。长江水域的深水张网、插网和三层刺网等渔具捕捞强度极大，对长江渔业资源破坏十分严重，已成为有害渔具。为了加强对长江渔业资源，特别是长江刀鲚、凤鲚资源的保护和合理利用，维护渔场生产秩序，农业部发布的《长江刀鲚凤鲚专项管理暂行规定》第六条规定“自2004年1月1日起，全年禁止深水张网、插网和三层刺网作业。”近日，长江渔业资源管理委员会就贯彻落实此项工作发出通知。通知要求，沿江各省…     

《淡水渔业》在助力长江大保护中的价值分析

长江是中国水生生物的摇篮，大保护的核心要求在于处理好保护与发展的关系，要点是水生态优化和水资源合理利用。为助力长江渔业资源保护与利用，以2000-2019年《淡水渔业》期刊中发表的S93水产资源类论文为对象，梳理和汇总论文数据积累、发文热点等，为未来长江大保护具体措施的制定和实施提供理论支持和参考。从发文量、一级主题论文占比和渔业资源类评估及生境监测论文总被引状况等来看，《淡水渔业》在刊载文章内容上一直都非常重视长江渔业资源保护与利用主题高水平论文的选择，已发表的渔业资源保护与利用学科论文能帮助研究者和政策决策者了解当前长江渔业资源与环境现状，指导长江大保护规划制定；同时通过后续追踪这些高被引论文，有助于刊物本身对“长江大保护”研究新热点的挖掘，形成新的全面、科学、合理的指导意见。     

开好局起好步坚决打好长江流域春季禁渔第一仗

一、统一思想，提高认识，充分认识长江春季禁渔的必要性和重要性 长江春季禁渔酝酿了相当一段时间，有一定的群众基础、思想基础和工作基础。我想从三个方面来论述开展长江春禁的重要性和必要性。 （一）从江总书记提出的“三个代表”和渔业可持续发展的高度来认识春季禁渔的必要性和重要性 长江渔业资源长期处于日益衰退的状态，已经直接影响到长江渔业可持续发展，也已成为长江渔业资源管理重要而紧迫的工作。国家十分重视渔业资源的保护与管理工作，农业部在总结沿江有关省市开展春季禁渔经验的基础上，通过调查研究和科学论证，反复听…     

长江中下游渔业资源管理工作取得进展

记者从5月中旬在湖北省宜昌市召开的长江中下游渔业资源管理委员会年会上获悉,1991年长江中下游渔业管理工作又有新进展,在加强长江中下游渔业资源的管理,发展长江流域增养殖业,开展长江渔业资源监测、维护渔业生产秩序和渔业生产者合法权益,保护和合理利用渔业资源等方面做了大量工作,     

保护好长江渔业资源

加强对长江渔业资源的保护和管理,对保证长江渔业资源的合理利用,促进长江渔业生产发展,特别是对长江珍稀名贵水产动物的恢     

三峡工程与长江渔业资源动态监测

从三峡工程对长江渔业资源的影响出发，对长江三峡工程渔业资源动态监测系统的结果、运行机制、监测内容、指标体系、数据管理进行了初步探讨。     

深阅读：关注长江类保护

人民日报2月25日、3月2日分别发表“长江生态发展与保护须并举（深阅读·关注长江鱼类保护（上））、长江鱼类保护难在哪？（深阅读-关注长江鱼类保护（下））”两篇报道，回应（（2013长江上游联合科考报告》所引发的关于长江渔业资源“崩溃”的舆论担忧，就长江鱼类资源现状、渔业资源衰退原因、保护与发展等问题进行了剖析。本刊现予以转载，供读者参阅。     

略论长江渔具渔法与渔业资源保护

长江流域是我国重要的渔业产区,渔业资源极为丰富。而长江上现存的各种类型的渔具渔法的大量使用则是长江渔业资源过度开发利用的重要原因之一。在指出了我国现行有效的关于长江渔具渔法使用的法律法规的相关规定的基础上,提出了如何正确、合理使用渔具渔法的观点;既要充分利用长江渔业资源,又必须有效地保护长江鱼类,达到持续利用和发展的目的。     

母猪胎衣不下的病因与防治要点

猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。     

Estimation of variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum by survival analysis of experimental infection of salmonid fish

The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms.     

Characterization of protease inhibitors of seminal plasma of cyprinids

Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season).     

水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响

采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。     

虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析

本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As 矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为 0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。     

斑节对虾虾苗活力检测方法

该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检，进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验，并采用病毒检测等方法，以期建立评估斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明，斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性，体表光洁，肌肉透亮，肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜，健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力，而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象；虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低，随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低，随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100～200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min，成活率近100％；在盐度20～30下虾苗的成活情况较好，而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测，可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。     

金鳟、虹鳟苗种长途运输实例

鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输，苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输，长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法，以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋，规格54×104cm，外包装是泡沫塑料箱，规格63.5×45.5×30．5cm，纸箱规格64×46×32．5cm。塑料袋采取双层式，内装苗种和水共12.5kg，其中苗种0.5-1．3kg，100－2000尾。起运前苗种停食1－2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃，鱼、水入袋后袋内…     

不同年龄细鳞鱼的繁育效果

研究了不同年龄组(3～8龄)细鳞鱼(Bachymystax lenok Pallas)亲鱼的繁育效果,分析其繁育主要技术,包括亲鱼培育、繁育技术、受精卵孵化、鱼苗培育等,结果发现,5～6龄和7～8龄细鳞鱼产卵量没有明显差异,产卵量、孵化率、出苗率均较高,繁殖效果明显好于3～4龄亲鱼。     

海口市近海渔业资源衰退的原因分析与对策建议

在分析海口市海洋渔业资源和海洋捕捞现状的基础上，提出了近海渔业资源衰退的6项原因和加快保护和修复资源的10项措施和建议。     

Histopathology of respiratory organs of certain air-breathing fishes of India

Air-breathing fishes have evolved bimodal respiratory mechanisms for exploitation of water (through gills and highly vascularized skin) as well as atmospheric air (through aerial respiratory organs, ABO). Mucous cells in these respiratory organs of variously stressed fishes exhibit periodic fluctuations in their density and staining properties. The main types of damage in the gills include congestion of blood capillaries (BLCs), periodic lifting and sloughing of respiratory epithelia of the secondary lamellae causing haemorrhage, extensive fusion of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia due to uncontrolled regeneration leading to asphyxiation, altered excretion, and death of the fish. Haemolysis has also been observed following lead exposure. The damage in the ABO of Heteropneustes fossilis includes sloughing of the epithelial cells, leading to haemorrhage causing decreased red blood corpuscles density and degeneration of the secondary gill lamellae with reduced respiratory area. Subsequent hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusion of gill lamellae increase the respiratory barrier distance. The BLCs often bulge out and protrude into the lumen, bringing blood nearer to air. The ladder-like pillar cell (PLC)-BLC components of the gill lamellae frequently collapse. Damage to the ABO of Channa striata is less severe. Often haemorrhaging due to bursting of extensively stretched BLCs causes aerial respiratory failure. Chloride cells of the ABOs also show hyperplasia. While the highly mucogenic epidermis of C. striata shows less damage, the epidermis of Clarias batrachus and H. fossilis shows severe wear and tear, sloughing, and haemorrhage. Side-by-side regeneration continues, causing altered histomorphology of the epidermis. The different gland cells also show periodic fluctuations in their density and staining. The dermis also shows severe damage with loosening of their connective tissue fibres. These fibres give stronger reactions for sulfated mucin that not only retain additional water molecules for continuance of skin breathing, but also bind the toxic ambient pollutants.