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1.
Evaluating spawning performance among captive Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus broodstock using microsatellite‐based parentage assignment 下载免费PDF全文
Qian Ma Seifu Seyoum Michael D. Tringali Matthew J. Resley Nicole R. Rhody Kevan L. Main Kenneth M. Leber 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(11):5506-5516
Florida pompano has been identified as a promising candidate for commercial‐scale aquaculture production, but to date, little information is available regarding captive broodstock spawning characteristics. Genetic markers were tested for their power in monitoring mating outcomes and potential in analysing heritability of rapid growth trait in Trachinotus carolinus. A total of 20 unrelated adults (10 females and 10 males) were chosen for a hormone‐induced mass spawning event. The 515 fastest growing and 485 slowest growing fish of the total 4852 offspring were considered a selected progeny stock, and fish were collected at 45 days post hatch based on their growth traits. Parentage analyses based on the 20 breeders and 1,000 selected progeny were performed using a total of nine microsatellite markers, a 100% assignment rate was achieved, and a four‐marker set was the minimum number for the parentage assignment. The effective breeding number for the selected progeny was 11 (six females and five males), among which three females and two males were predominant contributors with the total contribution of 95.8% and 94.7% respectively. The proportion of fast‐growing offspring from broodfish and each mating cross (sire/dam) was used for detecting whether variation in growth of the offspring was related to parental stocks. Results showed that three adults and their mated combination exhibited the greatest fast‐growing offspring proportion (69.73% and 55.95%). This research provided new information regarding spawning performance and parental contribution during mass spawning events; both important first steps towards developing improved management strategies for captive Florida pompano broodstock. 相似文献
2.
A total of 518 Gerres sp. were collected around Okinawa Island, Japan, from November 2002 to July 2005, with monthly sampling where the standard
length of females (n=218) were 56.2–147.1 mm, and males (n=149) were 62.2–139.4 mm. The maximum ages observed for females were 5+ years and males were 4+ years, estimated by transverse sectioned sagittal otoliths. Mean marginal increment indicated that opaque rings were formed
once a year during April to July. The standard length (SL; mm) — body wet weight (BW; g) relationships were described as BW=(3.26×10−5) SL2.97 and BW=(3.13×10−5) SL
2.98 for females and males, respectively, and the standard length at age described by von Bertalanffy growth function for females,
L
t=137.1(1−e−0.80[t+0.80]) and males, L
t=127.3(1−e−0.82[t+0.93]). 相似文献
3.
The effect of increasing levels of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the ovarian development and reproductive performance of Chinese
mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were investigated using four semipurified formulated diets supplemented with 0%, 1.2%, 2.4%, and 3.6% PL. Four groups of
40 females, with an average individual body weight of 95–120 g, were fed the experimental diets for a period of 7 months.
Male crabs were introduced into the female rearing system in March, and mating, spawning, and egg hatching occurred in the
following month. After 10 weeks of feeding, females fed the diet with 2.4% PL had a significantly higher gonadosomatic index
(GSI) than females fed the diet with 0% PL, whereas females fed the diet with 1.2% PL had a significantly higher hepatic moisture
content and lower hepatic lipid content than the other groups (P < 0.05). After mating, the spawning rate was higher among females fed diets with 3.6% and 2.4% PL (95% and 92%, respectively)
compared with females fed diets with 0% and 1.2% PL (both 81%). The results showed that egg production (total number of eggs/female)
and fecundity increased with increasing dietary PL level, with females fed diets with 0% and 1.2% PL supplementation having
significantly lower values than females fed the diet with 3.6% PL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary PL supplementation has a positive effect on ovarian development and
reproductive performance of E. sinensis broodstock. Further study should aim to investigate the optimal PL level in the broodstock diet of E. sinensis in respect to offspring quality. 相似文献
4.
Copulation trials under three different scenarios were performed aiming to study the copulation behaviour of Neptunea arthritica and determine whether broodstock maintenance is required for artificial seed production. Neptunea arthritica showed polygamy, copulating at least three times with different partners. From all males and females used in this study, 43% of them copulated at least once. Female whelks showed rejection behaviour, which generated significant difference in copulation time between rejected (13.7±10.7 min) and non‐rejected (49.7±44.7 min) males. The effect of body size on copula duration appeared to be superficial, while its effect on accumulative copulas played an important role as an indicator of copulation capacity because whelks varied in size. After first copula, males showed a contrasting tendency to mate copulated females over non‐copulated females (χ2=6.23, d.f.=1, P=0.01). Broodstock maintenance as the first step in seed production is possible but considering low mating percentage and female rejection, it would be not economically reasonable due to the considerable number of whelks required and related logistical factors. 相似文献
5.
In the present study, the effect of darkness on the timing of mating and pleopodal egg production in Astacus leptodactylus was investigated. Crayfish were exposed to three different light regimes: natural day light regime (control, mean 10.04-h
light/13.96-h dark); 24-h dark (24 h D); 8-h light/16-h dark (8 L:16 D). Experiments were carried out between November 2006
and January 2007 with 36 males and 144 females. The results showed that darkness did not have an effect on the onset of mating
and pleopodal egg production in the groups, but it did affect significantly the timing of individual matings; the higher percentage
of ovigerous females in the darkness group at the first observation means that on average females under this condition mated
and spawned earlier than in the other groups (P < 0.01). The percentage of ovigerous females exposed to constant darkness in the first observation in which crayfish started
to mate and spawn was 62.50. These figures for those exposed to 16 D:8 L and control were 43.75 and 37.50%, respectively.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the reproduction efficiency (i.e., rate of ovigerous females) of A. leptodactylus can be enhanced under controlled conditions by exposing broodstock to constant darkness in their mating and spawning season. 相似文献
6.
Takeshi Sakai Michio Yoneda Tetsuro Shiraishi Muneharu Tokimura Hiroshi Horikawa Michiya Matsuyama 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):895-902
We studied the age and growth of the lizardfish Saurida elongata using ground thin sections of otoliths (sagittae) from specimens collected in the Tsushima/Korea Strait between May 1999
and June 2001. A total of 695 individuals with fork lengths (FL) ranging from 189 to 478 mm were examined. The frequency of
translucent zone occurrence at the outer margin of the otoliths indicated that translucent zones formed once a year between
November and February. Most of the males examined were estimated to be 2–7 years old and the females, 3–9 years old. The maximum
estimated age of a male specimen was 10 years and that of a female, 11 years. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth curves
were FL
t
= 451{1 − exp[−0.172(t + 2.50)]} and FL
t
= 515{1 − exp[−0.151(t + 2.47)]} for males and females, respectively. At all ages, the FL at a specific age for females was greater than that for
males, suggesting that females of this species grow faster than males. 相似文献
7.
Large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea, exhibit sexually dimorphic growth, with females growing faster and reaching larger adult sizes than males. Thus, development
of techniques for preferentially producing females is necessary to optimize production of these species. We have established
a protocol to produce all-female croaker P. crocea through induction of meiotic gynogenesis with homologous sperm. The first set of experiments investigated the ultra-violet
(UV) irradiation on sperm motility and duration of sperm activity to determine the optimal UV dosage for genetic inactivation
of sperm, yet retaining adequate motility for activation of eggs. Milt from several males was diluted 1:100 with Ringer’s
solution and UV irradiated with doses ranging from 0–150 J cm−2. The results indicated that motility and duration of activity generally decreased with increased UV doses. At UV doses greater
than 105 J cm−2, after fertilization, motility was <10% and fertilization rates were significantly lower. Highest hatching rate was obtained
at 75 J cm−2. A second set of experiments was carried out to determine appropriate conditions of cold shock for retention of the 2nd polar
body in P. crocea eggs after fertilization with UV-inactivated sperm by altering the timing, temperature and duration of shock. At 20°C, shock
applied at 3 min after fertilization resulted in higher survival rate of larvae at 6 h after hatching. Results of different
combinations of three shock temperatures (2°C, 3°C or 4°C) and five shock durations (4 min, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min or 20 min)
at 3 min after fertilization demonstrated that shocks of 12 min gave highest production of diploid gynogens. Statistical analysis
revealed that maximum production of diploid gynogens (44.55 ± 2.99%) were obtained at 3°C. The results of this study indicate
that the use of UV-irradiated homologous sperm for activation of P. crocea eggs and cold shock for polar body retention is an effective method for producing gynogenetic offspring. 相似文献
8.
Tetsuya Umino Teruyuki Kajihara Hiroshi Shiozaki Toshiyuki Ohkawa Dal-Sang Jeong Kenichi Ohara 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):909-919
Twelve populations of Girella punctata, from widespread locations of the species’ range in Japan and Korea, were screened for sequence variability within the mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA) control region (n = 128) and at five polymorphic microsatellite loci (n = 547) to determine the genetic structure maintaining population integrity. mtDNA variability of 132 variable sites within
a 334-bp region reveals shallow genetic differentiation across populations. The weak differentiation of G. punctata was partly supported by the screening of five polymorphic microsatellite loci. However, hierarchical analysis of molecular
variance and principal component analysis on the basis of allele frequencies in microsatellite loci extracted a subtle substructure
in a subsidiary population and in near-subsidiary populations in the semi-enclosed Seto Inland Sea. 相似文献
9.
Anna Elisabeth Pronker Nancy Marie Nevejan Frank Peene Pieter Geijsen Patrick Sorgeloos 《Aquaculture International》2008,16(4):297-307
Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) broodstock collected from the Irish Sea during wintertime (November) was conditioned with three different microalgae diets.
Positive flagellates (PF) treatment consisted of Pavlova lutherii, Isochrysis galbana (T-Iso), and Chaetoceros calcitrans (1:1:1). Positive diatoms (PD) treatment consisted of Pavlova lutherii, Chaetoceros calcitrans, and Skeletonema costatum (1:1:1). Broodstock animals in the PF and PD treatments were fed a total of 2.4 × 1011 algae cells per day. Animals in the negative flagellates (NF) treatment received only 1/8th of the total amount of algae
of the PF diet. The conditioning diets had an impact on spawning success and broodstock fecundity but not on hatching rate,
which was similar in all three groups. The best results were obtained with the PD diet where 84% of the conditioned animals
spawned and females released 5.0 × 106 eggs on average. Animals belonging to the PF and NF treatments released, on average, only 3.6 × 106 and 1.6 × 106 eggs, respectively. Although the amounts of algae provided to the broodstock animals had no effect on the hatching rate,
the D-larvae resulting from the NF treatment were smaller in size than the larvae from the other treatments. Biochemical analysis
of the different broodstock groups at the end of the experiment revealed higher carbohydrate levels in group NF than in PF
and PD, supporting the theory that gametogenesis is mainly supported by the energy from the glycogen reserves. As far as we
are aware this is the first study describing hatchery broodstock conditioning of blue mussels under fully controlled conditions. 相似文献
10.
This study dealt with the detection of parentage in a mixed family tank of abalone Haliotis discus hannai using microsatellite DNA markers. As a preliminary investigation, the early growth rate between selected and non-selected
abalone families, which were reared together in the mixed family tank from settlement stage to juvenile stage (7 months of
age), was also compared. The selected families were derived from seven parents (three females and four males) selected for
larger size in shell length at about 1-year-old, and the non-selected families originated from five wild captives (three females
and two males). Parentage analysis based on eight microsatellite markers unambiguously allocated the 170 juveniles sampled
from the single tank to the 17 parental pairs. The family size was highly heterogeneous among families, as two males in the
selected families and one male in the non-selected families dominated the contribution to the offspring pool (>80%). The mean
shell length of the selected families was approximately 23% larger than that of the non-selected families (Student’s t-test, P<0.001). This study demonstrated that the use of microsatellite markers is effective for parentage determination in the mixed
family farming, commonly used in abalone hatcheries, and selective operations for larger size could improve the growth of
the next generation. 相似文献