西江鲮鱼年龄与生长的研究

鲮鱼鳞片可作为年龄鉴定的依据。鳞片新年轮逐月出现率的变化,表明年轮形成主要在3～10月份。计算出鳞片与体长,体长与体重的关系式。3龄以前属于幼鱼生长阶段,体长和体重的相对增长率较大;3 龄以后则进入成鱼生长阶段。其生长适合于 von Berta-lanffy 生长方程,体重生长曲线拐点位于 15.55龄,应属衰老拐点。其生长速度和加速度曲线能反映生长过程的变化特点。渔获物组成以性未成熟个体为主。限制捕捞3~+龄以下的个体,有利于渔获量稳定和扩大繁殖群体。     

镜泊湖细鳞斜颌鲴的年龄与生长

本文报道了镜泊湖细鳞斜颌鲴的年龄生长特点。以鳞片上的年轮作为年龄鉴定依据。渔获物中1~+龄和2~+龄个体占52％以上,体长以14～26厘米为主。体长与鳞长之间呈直线相关L=0.1116+47.8754R。体重与体长呈指数函数相关 W=0.014L~(3.0?7?)。3~+ 龄以前生长较快,生长指标高,体长和体重的相对增长率大,以后转入成鱼生长阶段,其生长规律适合 von Bertalaffy 方程:L_t=38.5[1-e~(-0.328(t+0.446)];W_t=893.6[1-e~(-0.328(t+0.446)]~3。体重生长曲线的拐点位于 2.93龄的 W_t=0.32W_∞处,为成熟拐点。建议捕捞 3龄以上个体,并作为养殖对象加以发展。     

月鳢年龄与生长的研究↑（*）

月鳢鳞片可作为年龄鉴定的依据,其年轮形成时期在4～6月。鳞长与体长呈直线关系,体长和体重呈幂函数关系。月鳢2龄以前生长较快,2龄以后生长逐渐减慢,其生长适合于VonBertalanffy生长方程。为有效保护月鳢资源,应限制捕捞体重在200g以下的个体。     

长鳍吻(鱼句)年龄和生长的研究

对443尾长鳍吻鮈标本作了年龄和生长研究。用鳞片鉴定年龄并退算鱼的生长.得出体长与鳞径、体长与体重的相关式及生长方程。体重生长拐点在2.2龄。限制捕捞3龄以下个体,有利于资源增殖.     

乌江思南泉水鱼的年龄与生长研究

2011-2012年在乌江思南江段采集454尾(雌性298尾,雄性109尾,性别不辨47尾)泉水鱼(Pseudogyrincheilus procheilus),以鳞片作为材料对年龄进行鉴定,利用软件FISAT-II处理体长与年龄数据,对其生长方程、生长拐点等生物学特征进行了研究。结果表明,泉水鱼鳞片为圆鳞,年轮主要表现为普通切割型与普通疏密型;年龄组成为1~4龄,其中以2~3龄为主;1~4龄,体长增长率为47.4%,雌性体长增长率达50.4%,雄性体长增长率为35.0%,体重增长率为438.5%,雌性体重增长率为485.1%,雄性体重增长率为275.9%;体重(W)与体长(L)呈幂指数关系:W=2×10-6L3.4784(R2=0.8824),雌鱼为:W=3×10-6L3.4002(R2=0.8505),雄鱼为:W=2×10-5L3.019(R2=0.8112);体长(L)和鳞径(S)呈幂函数相关:L=92.597S0.5458;Von Bertalanfy生长方程的各参数为:渐进体长L∞=278.10 mm,生长系数k=0.22,t0=-1.80;雌鱼各参数为:L∞=355.01 mm,k=0.14,t0=-2.38;雄鱼各参数为:L∞=224.04 mm,k=0.32,t0=-1.72,雄鱼达到渐进体长的速度比雌鱼要快得多;体长生长速度和加速度不具拐点,生长速度随年龄增加而递减,生长加速度始终为负值,随年龄增加而增大;体重生长速度和加速度都具有拐点,拐点年龄ti=3.87,拐点体长Li=198.22 mm,拐点体重Wi=195.59 g。结合泉水鱼生长拐点年龄和性成熟年龄,为保护乌江思南泉水鱼资源,建议以180 mm为最小捕捞个体的体长。     

南水水库鲂鱼的年龄与生长研究

鲂鱼（Megalobrama skolkovii）鳞片的特征表现为疏密切割型，偶见副轮与生殖轮。根据实测鳞径R、体长L、体重W，分析了鲂鱼的生长情况，其体重生长的拐点年龄为5.4龄，5龄前后为合理的捕捞时期。     

西江广东肇庆段赤眼鳟的年龄鉴定及生长研究

于2006年5月～6月和2008年5月在珠江的干流西江广东肇庆段采用刺网捕捞赤眼鳟（Spualiobarbuscu卜riculus）标本296尾。采集赤眼鳟的鳞片材料进行年轮特征观察研究，并对赤眼鳟的生长情况进行分析。结果表明，渔获中3龄、4龄赤眼鳟占优势。3龄前体长的相对增长率较大，3龄以后生长缓慢。赤眼鳟体质量生长曲线拐点为8龄，应属衰老拐点。总死亡系数z：0．3379，自然死亡系数M=0．1936，捕捞死亡系数F=0．1443，开发率为E=0．427。为确保资源的可持续利用，可允许捕捞体长应不小于230mm，体质量不小于220g。     

乌江上游四川裂腹鱼的年龄结构与生长特性

研究鱼类的年龄结构与生长特性可为评价天然水体野生资源的动态变化提供理论依据，鳞片是低龄鱼可靠的年龄鉴定材料；由于营养不足和水环境因素的影响，高龄鱼出现年轮被机体重吸收、鳞片生长明显慢于机体生长的现象，导致用鳞片鉴定年龄的准确性明显降低。以2008年1月至2010年1月采集于乌江上游总溪河的113尾四川裂腹鱼（Schizothorax kolzovi）为材料，对比臀鳞、脊椎骨、鳃盖骨和微耳石材料并鉴定年轮，研究其年龄与生长的关系。结果表明，四川裂腹鱼体长和体重在雌雄群体间的差异不显著（P ＞0．05），体重（W；g）和体长（L；mm）拟合关系式为 W＝0．00002L2．9511（R2＝0．9543，n ＝113）；对比选择臀鳞鉴定年龄、测量鳞径，并建立 von Berta-lanffy 生长方程，Lt ＝598．39[1－e －0．0929（t ＋3．3636）]和 Wt ＝3134．65[1－e －0．0929（t ＋3．3636）]2．9511。采集的四川裂腹鱼群体由1～4龄组成，优势年龄组为3龄，占标本总数的57．5％，年龄结构趋于低龄化；体重生长拐点年龄为8．3龄，对应的体长和体重分别为395．62 mm 和924．39 g。     

海湾网箱养殖斜带髭鲷的生长特性

2002～2005年期间在广东省饶平柘林湾海上网箱采集斜带髭鲷Hapalogenys nitens标本共515尾,以鳞片的年轮作为年龄鉴定依据,对其生长特性进行研究。结果表明,1～5龄鱼体长与鳞长的关系式为L=175·17r 227·22,体长与体重关系式为W=0·0001L2·8677,体长与全长的关系式为Lt=1·1736Lb 3·6206,应用von Berta-lanffy生长曲线拟合生长规律,求得斜带髭鲷的各项生长参数为渐进体长L∞=452·418mm,W∞=4315·455g,体重生长曲线的曲率k=0·2799,理论上体长和体重为零时的年龄t0=-1·1869龄,体重生长拐点年龄t0=2·738龄。     

驼背鲈的年龄与生长特征研究

鉴定和描述了驼背鲈鳞片的年龄及其年轮特征，采用4种生长模型来模拟其体长生长过程，通过比较分析得出最适的生长方程，并对其生长拐点以及生长指标等生长特征进行了相应的分析。实验结果表明，驼背鲈鳞片的年轮特征主要表现为疏密型，偶见副轮和生殖轮。von Bertalanffy 生长方程、Gompertz生长方程、Logistic生长方程以及三项式方程均可反映驼背鲈的体长生长过程，其生长特点属于均匀生长类型，其中Gompertz生长方程能更好地描述10龄以前的体长生长性状。体长体重的von Bertalanffy 生长方程为：Lt=566.0139[1-e-0.1549(t+1.0988)]；Wt=4531.0076[1-e-0.1641(t+0.76635)]3.0245。体长与体重关系为 Wt＝2.3×10-5Lt3.0245。渐近体长Ｌ∞=566.0139mm，渐近体重Ｗ∞=4531.0076ｇ，体重生长拐点tr=5.98龄，此时的体长与体重分别为376.94mm和1346.26g。     

辽东湾海蜇生长的研究

本文描述了辽东湾海蜇(Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye)的生长特征。它与鱼虾类的生长特征不同，没有渐近值，到9月10日后个体收缩。我们用高次方程描绘了辽东湾海蜇的一般生长型。根据海蜇的一般生长型，研究了海蜇的生长速度。     

东海黄姑鱼年龄与生长的初步研究

根据2004年2~4月在舟山沈家门市场采集的117ind黄姑鱼样品,对黄姑鱼的年龄与生长进行了初步研究。结果表明:①目前舟山渔场渔获物中黄姑鱼年龄组成主要以1~2龄的低龄组为主,主要体长在161~263mm之间,主要体重在175.3~354.8g之间;②黄姑鱼体长与体重的关系为:W=1.633×10-5L3.0357;③体长和体重的生长方程分别为:Lt=529.5[1-e-0.262(t-0.281)]和Wt=2597.4[1-e-0.262(t-0.281)]2.4164;④体长生长速度方程为:dL/dt=138.729e-0.262(t-0.281),体重生长速度方程为:dW/dt=1644.4056e-0.262(t-0.281)×[1-e-0.262(t-0.281)]1.4164,生长加速度方程分别为:d2L/dt2=-36.3470e-0.262(t-0.281)和d2W/dt2=430.8343e-0.262(t-0.281)×[1-e-0.262(t-0.281)]0.4164×[2.4164e-0.262(t-0.281)-1]。     

Stock enhancement in a commercial mullet,Mugil cephalus L., fishery in Hawaii

Abstract This study showed that cultured striped mullet, Mugil cephalus L., released as juveniles can make a significant contribution to landings in an island commercial fishery. Following pilot hatchery releases from 1990 to 1993, striped mullet fisheries in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, USA, were sampled to recover cultured fish from the bay-wide catch. Direct sampling of 181 fishing trips resulted in recovery of 211 cultured striped mullet. By autumn 1994, cultured fish comprised 13.0% (2.8%) of the commercial mullet catch in Kaneohe Bay, and the percentage was increasing logarithmically. This study corroborated predictions from previous studies of juveniles about effects of release strategies on survival of cultured mullet. Following summer releases, recapture rates were strongly affected by fish size-at-release, with a critical release size of 60 mm total length (the smallest size released that was subsequently detected in the fishery). Over 30 000 juveniles stocked in 1990 (but not in a nursery habitat preferred by striped mullet) apparently suffered complete mortality.     

珠江广东鲂的年龄、生长及其最大持续渔获量

本文对珠江广东鲂的年龄、生长及其种群最大持续渔获量进行了渔业生物学分析。用鳞片鉴定年龄,年轮形成时间为 3～6月,随着年龄增加而略有推迟。von Bertalanffy生长方程适用于广东鲂的体长、体重与年龄的关系。通过渔获物样本统计资料,在目前捕捞作业情况下,3 龄完全进入渔具选择,年总死亡率 φ=0.58,捕捞死亡率 E=0.27,自然死亡率 D=0.31。若能把首次捕捞年龄从 3 龄提高到 4 龄,捕捞强度控制在 F=0.35,渔获量可以比原来提高 16％左右,且产量也能持续下去。     

Culture of larvae of the white mullet,Mugil curema Valenciennes

Planktonic eggs of the white mullet, Mugil curema, were collected in Biscayne Bay, Florida, and the larvae were reared in four laboratory experiments. Static rearing systems were used and copepod nauplii and copepodites were fed to larvae. Larvae grew from 2.1 mm standard length (SL) at hatching to 28.5 mm SL (35.9 mm total length) at 36 days after hatching. No significant mortalities occurred beyond 12 days after hatching. At 20 days, survival ranged from 1.2 to 23.0%. Most larval mortality occurred when larvae sank to the bottom of the rearing tanks, a phenomenon previously reported for striped mullet, Mugil cephalus. Successful culture of white mullet could have potential for meeting the demands of the live bait market for recreational fishing in south Florida.     

Significance of Fish Size-At-Release on Enhancement of Striped Mullet Fisheries in Hawaii

A tag-release-recapture study was conducted to evaluate size-at-release impacts upon recruitment of cultured, juvenile striped mullet, Mugil cepahlus released in inshore habitats of Oahu, Hawaii, USA. In June and July 1990, 85,848 juvenile mullet were graded into five size groups (ranging from 45 to 120 mm in length), identified with binary-coded wire tags, and released into two estuaries (2×5 factorial design). Of the tagged fish, 42,822 were released into Kaneohe Bay on the east (windward) coast of Oahu; 43,026 were released into Maunalua Bay on Oahu's dryer south shore. The fish were released into both bays simultaneously. Releases were blocked in time across 5 release lots. To evaluate growth and survival rates of released mullet, both bay systems were sampled monthly with cast nets over a ten-month period after release. Overall, 733 tagged M. cephalus were recaptured, 277 from Kaneohe Bay and 456 from Maunalua Bay. Overall proportions of tagged fish in samples declined from 33.4% (±25.2%) of the total M. cephalus catch at week 5 to 1.88% (±0.95%) by week 23. From week 23 on, tagged fish averaged 2.09% (±0.23%) of the striped mullet in monthly samples. Within 9 wk after releases, recapture frequencies were clearly skewed in favor of fish that were larger at the time of release. Fish smaller than 70 mm when released were rare or absent in collections within 18 wk after release. This confirms results of a smaller-scale pilot study in Maunalua Bay and shows that fish size-at-release can have a major impact on the success of hatchery releases in marine habitats. Pilot studies to identify minimum fish size-at-release should be conducted at all sites targeted for full-scale marine hatchery releases.     

胶州湾贻贝的生长

本文报道了胶州湾贻贝生长的研究结果。研究的对象有来自烟台、大连、青岛的自然春苗和青岛的自然秋苗、人工春苗、人工秋苗和在胶州湾东部青岛市第二海水养殖场养殖的贻贝。对壳长、壳重、肉质部、体重的生长，作了仔细观察，测定了生长率和生长值。研究的结果表明，养殖大苗比养殖小苗能大幅度提高产量，作为提高产量的措施，应当力求早分苗、养大苗。     

The culture of striped mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus) in ponds receiving heated effluent from a power plant

During 1972 and 1973, striped mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus) were stocked into six ponds (located on the upper end of the Galveston Bay system, Texas, U.S.A.) receiving heated effluent. Fish were fed commercially prepared feeds. In 1972, mean daily weight and standard length gains in two ponds were 0.71 and 0.66 g and 0.65 and 0.59 mm. In 1973, mean daily weight and standard length gains in four ponds were 0.64, 0.36, 0.67, and 0.59 g and 1.03, 0.81, 0.71, and 0.67 mm. During the two year study, survival rates ranged from 50 to 85%; production, from 293 to 804 kg/ha. Food conversion fluctuated from 2.24 to 3.31; commercial feed costs, from $0.61 to $0.87 per kg of fish.     

大西洋海域大眼金枪鱼年龄与生长的初步研究

根据2001年6~10月在大西洋海域金枪鱼延绳钓渔业中采集的89 ind大眼金枪鱼样本,对其叉长、体重进行测定,并以脊椎骨作为年龄鉴定材料。结果表明,叉长组成为85~186 cm,体重组成为11.5~132.5kg,年龄为2~6龄。体重与叉长关系式为W=4.5026×10-5×FL2.8200。利用一般Von Bertalanffy生长方程来拟合,叉长和体重生长方程为:FL=257.90×(1-e-0.1960(t+3.7919))2.5933,Wt=284.28×[(1-e-0.1960(t+3.7919))2.5933]2.8200。叉长和体重的生长拐点分别为1.07龄和5.75龄。     

Oocyte Growth in the Striped Mullet Mugil cephalus L. Maturing at Different Salinities

Profiles of oocyte growth were obtained from female striped mullet Mugil cephalus L. held in salinities ranging from fresh water to seawater during two consecutive spawning seasons (1988–1990) in Hawaii. Females underwent vitellogenesis at all salinities (i.e., 32–35, 13–20, and 0%‰) tested. Females maturing in fresh water exhibited a slower rate of oocyte growth, and a significantly lower number completed vitellogenesis. All females were induced to spawn in full seawater. The number of fertilized eggs per spawning was highest from females maturing in brackish water. More females were able to be induced to spawn twice in brackish water during the 1989–1990 season than in fresh or seawater. The results from the current investigation suggest that salinities ranging from 13–35 ppt are adequate for ovarian maturation in captive striped mullet females.