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脆肉鲩肌肉营养特性分析 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
采用生化分析方法对来自同一个养殖场的脆肉鲩和普通草鱼的肌肉营养成分 (水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸、钙和磷 )进行分析。通过与其他鱼类的营养成分比较 ,评估了脆肉鲩的营养价值。结果表明 :脆肉鲩和普通草鱼肌肉中的营养成分在组成上是一致的。在含量上存在着差异 ,脆肉鲩肌肉粗蛋白质含量比普通草鱼肌肉高 2 2 % ;粗脂肪含量是普通草鱼的 14 0 % ;氨基酸总量比普通草鱼、黄鳝、鳜鱼、黄颡鱼、万安玻璃红鲤、青鱼和团头鲂都要高 ,其中谷氨酸含量更是达到 3 93% ,远远超过对照组鱼类。 相似文献
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《南方水产科学》2014,(4)
为了研究草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)脆化过程中肌肉品质变化对脆肉鲩(C.idellus C.et V)脆性形成规律的影响,在草鱼脆化过程中定期采样,比较研究了肌肉基本化学成分、质构特性、鱼肉蛋白质组成、肌肉氨基酸组成及营养价值评价等的变化规律。结果显示,脆肉鲩的水分、粗脂肪质量分数均显著低于普通草鱼(P0.05),粗蛋白、粗灰分质量分数比普通草鱼高;与普通草鱼相比,脆化后肌肉的肌原纤维蛋白、肌浆蛋白和基质蛋白质量分数分别增加了10.88%、15.41%和80.53%;脆肉鲩的硬度、咀嚼性、弹性和粘着性显著高于普通草鱼(P0.05);脆肉鲩肌肉的氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)总量、鲜味氨基酸(UAA)总量最高分别为203.5 g·L-1、85.6 g·L-1和79.1 g·L-1,均显著高于普通草鱼(P0.05)。研究表明在草鱼脆化过程中,肌肉品质指标均有不同程度的变化,且这些变化是导致脆肉鲩脆性改变的重要因素。 相似文献
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脆肉鲩血常规及血清游离氨基酸分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
脆肉鲩血液中的红细胞、白细胞以及血清中的游离氨基酸含量都明显的高于普通草鱼,差异十分显著。这种变化说明长期给草鱼饲喂蚕豆.通过改变其食物组成,导致了草鱼血常规、血清游离氨基酸含量的改变。 相似文献
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脆肉罗非鱼是近年快速发展起来的特色淡水养殖产品,具有肉质爽脆、富有弹性、久煮不烂等优点,受到消费者的广泛欢迎。本研究主要是通过对脆肉尼罗罗非鱼与普通尼罗罗非鱼肌肉在质构特性、感官评价、基本化学成分、脂肪酸分布和游离氨基酸组成等进行比较研究,从而揭示脆肉尼罗罗非鱼与普通尼罗罗非鱼的肌肉理化与营养特性的差异。研究结果显示:脆肉尼罗罗非鱼肉的硬度、弹性和咀嚼性与普通尼罗罗非鱼差异显著(p<0.05);脆肉尼罗罗非鱼肌肉中的粗蛋白和灰分与普通尼罗罗非鱼无明显差异,但水分含量显著降低,总脂含量显著升高(p<0.05);脂肪酸组成分析显示脆肉罗非鱼肌肉中所含的多不饱和脂肪酸显著高于普通尼罗罗非鱼(p<0.05),其中亚油酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸分别是对比组的2.12、3.36和3.71倍,脆肉尼罗罗非鱼肌肉的游离必需氨基酸总量,显著高于普通尼罗罗非鱼(p<0.05),但鲜味氨基酸甘氨酸略低于普通尼罗罗非。研究结果表明,脆肉尼罗罗非鱼和普通尼罗罗非鱼肌肉在质构特性、含水量、脂肪酸含量和游离氨基酸分布上都存在有明显的差异。 相似文献
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摘要:为了给华鲮种质资源的开发利用及人工养殖提供依据,对在池塘人工养殖的华鲮含肉率及肌肉营养成分进行测定,结果表明:含肉率为60.65%;肌肉中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为19.99%、5.10%、1.51%;肌肉中18种常见氨基酸总含量(占肌肉干重)为75.23%。其中必需氨基酸含量为33.36%,占氨基酸总量的44.34%。必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为0.80。鲜昧氨基酸含量为30.07%,占氨基酸总量的37.40%。必需氨基酸指数(WH0/FAO标准为参照)为82.34。色氨酸为第1限制性氨基酸,蛋氨酸+胱氨酸为第2限制性氨基酸。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30.5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32.5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1.3kg,100-2000尾。起运前苗种停食1-2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100~200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100%;在盐度20~30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As 矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为 0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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在分析海口市海洋渔业资源和海洋捕捞现状的基础上,提出了近海渔业资源衰退的6项原因和加快保护和修复资源的10项措施和建议。 相似文献
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鱼类热忍耐温度研究进展 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25
The paper is a review of the studies on the temperature of the thermal tolerance in fishes. It was described from four aspect: (1) The key parameters of temperature of thermal tolerance in fishes; (2) The influence factors of temperature of thermal tolerance in fishes; (3) The research methods of thermal effect of fishes; (4) The evaluation of effects of thermal pollution on fishes, especially, with the coastal power station will be‘built in China recent years, the effects of thermal discharge water on the marine fisheries resource wered iscussed. 相似文献