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1.
将海豚链球菌(Streptococcus iniae)淡水分离株TBY-1菌株灭活后制备成无佐剂和添加白油佐剂的疫苗,利用浸泡和腹腔注射复合免疫方式对罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)进行免疫,比较其相对保护率及血清中抗体凝集效价,以评价佐剂的存在与否及免疫次数对海豚链球菌灭活疫苗的免疫效果的影响,同...  相似文献   

2.
为了探讨迟缓爱德华菌菌蜕疫苗预防鳗鲡爱德华菌病的可行性,实验采用腹腔注射、口服、浸泡3种途径探讨了迟缓爱德华菌菌蜕疫苗对欧洲鳗的免疫保护效果。结果表明,免疫后欧洲鳗血清抗体效价均明显升高,但菌蜕疫苗(ETG)组与福尔马林灭活疫苗(FKC)组间血清抗体效价无显著性差异。欧洲鳗注射、口服、浸泡ETG组的相对免疫保护率分别为75.0%、52.5%、37.5%,分别高于FKC组的55.0%、40.0%、32.5%,且ETG组欧洲鳗死亡时间明显推后,表明菌蜕疫苗的免疫保护效果优于福尔马林灭活疫苗。易操作、对鱼体应激少的ETG疫苗口服免疫欧洲鳗获得了52.5%的免疫保护率,在预防鳗鲡爱德华菌病中具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

3.
尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)是世界水产养殖业中的重要经济鱼类,但在养殖生产中易受海豚链球菌(Streptococcus iniae)感染而致病致死,使用疫苗是一种相对理想的防感染措施。该研究采用海豚链球菌simA、pgmA基因构建的真核表达载体作为DNA疫苗,肌肉注射罗非鱼评估疫苗保护效果。免疫后在DNA和RNA水平上,在注射鱼体内检测到2个目的基因。首次免疫后第7至第28天,鳃、肝、肾脏、头肾中疫苗组的白介素1 (Interleukin,IL-1β)与肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF-α)表达量高于PBS对照组;疫苗组的抗体滴度、血清抗菌活性显著(P0.05)高于PBS对照组。攻毒后,注射pcDNA3.1-pgmA、pcDNA3.1-simA、pcDNA3.1-pgmA与pcDNA3.1-simA等比例混合疫苗的相对保护率(Relative percent survival,RPS)分别为60.7%、49.9%和75.0%。结果表明所制备的疫苗具有免疫保护效果,可作为候选疫苗。  相似文献   

4.
为了建立罗非鱼无乳链球菌病免疫防控方法,以原核表达SIP(surface immunogenic protein)蛋白为芯材,天然多糖为壁材,制备罗非鱼无乳链球菌聚丙烯酸树脂Ⅱ微胶囊口服疫苗,SIP口服疫苗微胶囊颗粒平均直径约826.5μm,包封率为72.02%,载药量最高达6.11%。微胶囊包裹的SIP蛋白在5种缓冲液中释放效果:p H 6.80p H 7.20p H 9.18p H4.68p H 2.00。体外实验证实微胶囊颗粒在模拟胃酸环境中蛋白释放量极小,数值为395.5μg;而在模拟肠液中,释放量最高达5426.0μg,其中240 min释放量为4911.1μg,释放度达90.51%,说明微胶囊能避免胃酸的破坏且肠溶性好。SIP微胶囊口服疫苗以投喂的方式免疫"新吉富"罗非鱼,分别以每克罗非鱼体质量免疫5和10μg SIP蛋白的剂量分组测试,4次免疫过程中,5μg免疫剂量组特异性血清效价为100–1~400–1,10μg免疫剂量组特异性血清效价为200–1~1600–1。4次免疫后,攻毒实验表明,5和10μg的免疫剂量组的免疫保护率分别为44.45%和66.67%。研究表明,微胶囊口服疫苗免疫为罗非鱼无乳链球菌病的免疫防治提供方便、安全、有效的途径。  相似文献   

5.
大菱鲆迟缓爱德华氏菌福尔马林灭活疫苗研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以大菱鲆为免疫对象,采用0.5福尔马林灭活的方法,将迟缓爱德华氏菌制成全菌疫苗,验证了其具有可靠的安全性。以浸泡和注射两种免疫接种方法对养殖大菱鲆14d内进行2次免疫,第二次免疫后第10天,对免疫鱼和各自的对照鱼进行爱德华氏菌的人工感染试验,获得注射接种疫苗的大菱鲆对腹水病的免疫保护率为70,浸泡接种疫苗的大菱鲆对腹水病的免疫保护率为35。表明注射和浸泡接种迟缓爱德华氏菌全菌疫苗都能使大菱鲆对腹水病产生免疫效果,并且注射免役效果优于浸泡免疫。  相似文献   

6.
为研究鱼肠道弧菌外膜蛋白疫苗对牙鲆的免疫效果,用该种疫苗对牙鲆进行了免疫试验.给牙鲆注射鱼肠道弧菌外膜蛋白疫苗,饲养25 d后分别用鱼肠道弧菌、鳗弧菌和溶藻弧菌进行攻毒,20 d后分别统计各组鱼的免疫保护率.结果表明,该疫苗对鱼肠道弧菌、鳗弧菌和溶藻弧菌的免疫保护率分别为84.6%、30.8%、33.3%.  相似文献   

7.
制备灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)福尔马林灭活菌苗,通过浸泡、注射和口服3种方式接种美国红鱼(Sci-aenops ocellatus),分别在接种免疫后第7、14、21、28、35天采鱼血,检测其血清抗体效价、溶菌酶活力和白细胞吞噬活性;第28天用1.0×108CFU/mL的灿烂弧菌悬液进行攻毒试验,检测菌苗的免疫效果。结果表明,各免疫组血清抗体效价在第21天达到峰值,且浸泡组和注射组的血清抗体效价高于口服组;在35d实验期内,各免疫组的血清溶菌酶活力有明显提高,各浸泡组和注射组于免疫接种后14d显著高于对照组(P<0.05);除浸泡3组外,其余各免疫组的白细胞吞噬百分比(PP)和吞噬指数(PI)在免疫接种后14d均较对照组有显著差异(P<0.05);各组受免鱼对人工攻毒均具有保护作用,以注射2组的免疫保护率最高,达77.8%。  相似文献   

8.
嗜水气单胞菌疫苗免疫效果研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
选取对鲤鱼毒力强的嗜水气单胞菌菌株制成灭活疫苗,研究疫苗的免疫保护效应.采用甲醛灭活制备疫苗,分别对鲤鱼进行注射和浸泡试验,测定白细胞吞噬活性、淋巴细胞转化能力、血清、皮肤黏液的抗体效价及活菌攻毒后的免疫保护率.结果表明,受免鱼各项指标均明显高于对照组,注射组免疫保护率达90%,其中浸泡组各项略低于注射组.嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗对鲤鱼有显著免疫保护效应,可作为预防细菌性败血症感染的疫苗.  相似文献   

9.
制备灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)福尔马林灭活菌苗,通过浸泡、注射和口服 3种方式接种美国红鱼(Sciaenops ocellatus),分别在接种免疫后第7、14、21、28、35天采鱼血,检测其血清抗体效价、溶菌酶活力和白细胞吞噬活性;第28天用1.0×108CFU/mL的灿烂弧菌悬液进行攻毒试验,检测菌苗的免疫效果.结果表明,各免疫组血清抗体效价在第21天达到峰值,且浸泡组和注射组的血清抗体效价高于口服组;在35 d实验期内,各免疫组的血清溶菌酶活力有明显提高,各浸泡组和注射组于免疫接种后14 d显著高于对照组(P<0.05);除浸泡3组外,其余各免疫组的白细胞吞噬百分比(PP)和吞噬指数(PI)在免疫接种后14 d均较对照组有显著差异(P<0.05);各组受免鱼对人工攻毒均具有保护作用,以注射2组的免疫保护率最高,达77.8%.  相似文献   

10.
采用反相蒸发法制备嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的脂质体疫苗,通过灌胃分别给予各组斑点叉尾(鮰)(Ictalurus punctatus)脂质体疫苗(Ⅰ-Ⅲ组)、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗(Ⅳ组)和生理盐水(Ⅴ组),每2周给药1次,共3次.于接种疫苗后第1天、14天、28天和第49天采集静脉血,测定白细胞的杀菌活性和血清抗体IgM含量的变化,并用细菌攻毒实验检测免疫保护效应.结果显示,本实验制备的脂质体疫苗粒径约为(0.9±0.3)μm,包封率为53.23%,与嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗相比能显著增强斑点叉尾(鮰)吞噬细胞的杀菌活性和血清抗体:IgM水平.腹腔注射活菌攻毒后,脂质体疫苗免疫的Ⅰ-Ⅲ组的相对免疫保护率分别为34.8%、48.2%和55.4%;而嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗免疫的Ⅳ组的相对免疫保护率仅有6.7%,生理盐水对照Ⅴ组保护率则为零.研究表明,口服脂质体疫苗对斑点又尾(鮰)具有显著的免疫保护效应,可作为预防嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌感染的疫苗.  相似文献   

11.
The commercial furunculosis vaccine Aquavac Furovac 5 and an autogenous vaccine, based on the challenge strain, induced immune protection in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), as shown in challenge tests 120 days post-immunization by injection (relative percentage of survival, RPS = 72-99%). This protective effect lasted for at least 6 months post-immunization at appreciable levels (RPS = 50-52%). Neither the autogenous vaccine nor the commercial vaccine was able to induce significant levels of protection against Aeromonas salmonicida in turbot when administered by immersion. Antibody levels were high or moderate in fish vaccinated by injection with the different vaccines and very low in fish vaccinated by immersion. The field results show that delivering an oral boost after the primary vaccination by injection did not enhance protection of turbot against furunculosis and that water-based (autogenous vaccine) and oil adjuvanted (Alpha Ject 1200) vaccines administered by injection conferred similar levels of protection (RPS > 80%) in turbot.  相似文献   

12.
Bacterial cells of the marine fish pathogen Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida were grown in novel culture media. A mixture of whole cells and extracellular components was inactivated and used in bath, intraperitoneal (i.p.) and oral vaccination of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, employing two sizes of fish. A commercial vaccine was used for comparative purposes. Control and immunized fish were either bath or intraperitoneally challenged 6 and 12 weeks post-vaccination. Small fish had significantly higher relative percentage survival with the novel vaccine mixture both at 6 and 12 weeks post-vaccination by bath, in comparison with the commercial vaccine. No protection was afforded at 6 or 12 weeks post-immunization by either vaccine after challenge via i.p. injection. Sea bass (1.5-2 g) intraperitoneally vaccinated with various adjuvanted vaccine mixtures were not protected against pasteurellosis. In contrast, larger sea bass (20 g) benefited from vaccination with the novel vaccine mixtures. Intraperitoneal challenge with the pathogen resulted in protection in both fish groups vaccinated with novel vaccine mixtures, whereas control fish suffered high mortalities (> 80%). Orally vaccinated fish were immersion challenged with the pathogen. At 6 and 12 weeks post-vaccination the control fish had a high mortality and the fish vaccinated with the novel vaccine mixture achieved good protection.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract. The protective effect of Vibrio angnillarum immunization administered by the direct immersion technique in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, was investigated. The activities of phagoeytic cells were suppressed at the time of vaccination by previous bath exposures to a cyclophosphamide solution containing a concentration of 500 mg/kg/ml on days 2 and 3 before vaccination. An artificial challenge was carried out 3 weeks after vaccination by bath exposure. The survival rate of the vaccine group pretreated with cyclophosphamide was 96%. In the group given traditional vaccine only, 73% survived; and in the non-vaccine control group, 10% survived. These results suggest that protective immunity of ayu vaccinated by the direct immersion technique may not implicate the early activities of phagoeytic cells.  相似文献   

14.
Vaccination of sea-ranched Atlantic salmon was conducted in order to investigate if immuno-prophylactic measures could improve their survival. Fish were either vaccinated by bath or injection. A total of 66 000 fish were reared in fresh water at a hatchery on the island of Bornholm and at the presmolt stage were separated in three groups each comprising of 22 000 fish. One group was vaccinated intraperitoneally with a polyvalent vaccine (containing killed Vibrio anguillarum serotype O1 and O2, Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas salmonicida ). A second group was bath vaccinated with the corresponding vaccine-components and the third group was used as a non-vaccinated control. One month after vaccination these groups were allocated to three separate net-pens located 500 m from the coastline of the island. After 4 months in the net-pens, 1000 fish from each cage were tagged with Carlin-tags below the dorsal fin. The fish were then released for a migration period in the Baltic Sea. Following a sea period of 40 months (45 months post-vaccination), the recapture rates of the groups were calculated from the returned tags from fishermen. Recapture of the injection vaccinated group was significantly higher (25%) compared with the bath vaccinated fish (14.7%) and the control group (16.8%).  相似文献   

15.
The potential of oral vaccination against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in crayfish Procambarus clarkii was investigated. The protective effect of binary ethylenimine (BEI)-inactivated WSSV was tested by oral vaccination, followed by an oral challenge with WSSV. The crayfish fed with feed pellets coated with BEI-inactivated WSSV showed a resistance to WSSV on the seventh day post vaccination (dpv). The relative percentage survival values were 60%, 70% and 75% for the vaccinated once, twice and thrice with inactivated WSSV. Following an intramuscular injection experiment, no mortality was recorded in the inactivated WSSV group and the negative control at 17 days post challenge. The cumulative mortalities in the heated WSSV group and WSSV group were 100%. Shrimp that survived the WSSV challenge on the seventh day after cessation of oral vaccination were positive for the presence of WSSV by a polymerase chain reaction assay specific for WSSV. This result indicated that inactivated WSSV could protect crayfish against WSSV by oral delivery.  相似文献   

16.
为评价鲖爱德华菌口服微球疫苗对斑点鲖的免疫效果,实验以天然高分子聚合物海藻酸钠和鲖爱德华菌灭活疫苗为材料,制备鲖爱德华菌口服微球疫苗。将实验动物随机分为鲖爱德华菌微球疫苗组、鲖爱德华菌灭活疫苗组、空微球组和对照组,以拌料口服方式进行免疫,通过检测血清中溶菌酶活力、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力、补体替代途径(ACH50)活性等非特异性免疫指标,抗体效价以及相对免疫保护率评价疫苗免疫效果,采用荧光定量PCR检测口服疫苗对斑点鲖免疫相关基因表达量的影响。结果显示,鲖爱德华菌口服微球疫苗能够较长时间增强斑点鲖非特异性免疫功能;血清凝集效价于第5周达到峰值,为1∶16,免疫后第7周仍可检测到特异性抗体;口服鲖爱德华菌微球疫苗的斑点鲖获得的抗鲖爱德华菌相对免疫保护率为60.7%,远高于灭活疫苗组(14.3%)及空微球组(10.7%);荧光定量分析结果显示,攻毒后48 h相比攻毒前各免疫基因表达量均有上调,鲖爱德华菌微球疫苗对受免鱼肾脏、脾脏中免疫基因的表达影响尤为明显。结果表明,鲖爱德华菌口服微球疫苗能增强斑点鲖非特异性免疫功能,对鲖爱德华菌病起到一定的预防作用。  相似文献   

17.
The experiment consisted of three experimental groups: (1) “vaccine and stress”, (2) “stress and vaccine” and (3) control. All groups have previously been vaccinated 6 months prior to the start of the experiment. At the start of the experiment, the “vaccine and stress” group was vaccinated with Pentium Forte Plus for the second time (25.02.2008) and then given a daily stressor (confinement stressor 267 kg m-3 in 15 min) for a period of 4 weeks. The “stress and vaccine” group was given a similar daily stressor for 4 weeks and then vaccinated for the second time. The control group was neither stressed nor vaccinated a second time. The results indicates that fish in the “stress and vaccine” group may have entered an allostatic overload type 2 due to oversensitivity to ACTH, a reduced efficient negative feedback system with elevated baseline levels of plasma cortisol and reduced immune response with pronounced effects on the well-being of the animal. The “vaccine and stress” group may likewise have entered an allostatic overload type 1 response, with oversensitivity to ACTH and transient reduced efficient negative feedback system. This study shows that if plasma cortisol becomes elevated prior to vaccination, it could perhaps instigate an allostatic overload type 2 with dire consequences on animal welfare. To reduce the risk of compromising the animal welfare during commercial vaccination of salmon, one propose to grade the fish minimum a week prior to vaccination or grade simultaneously with vaccination. This could reduce the overall allostatic load during handling and vaccination and secure a healthy fish with intact immune response and improved animal welfare.  相似文献   

18.
Passive immunization of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, was conducted to determine whether anti- Streptococcus iniae whole sera (ASI), heat inactivated anti- S . iniae whole sera (HIASI) and normal whole sera (NWS) were protective when intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into tilapia. The ASI was produced in tilapia actively immunized (challenged) with virulent S. iniae by i.p. injection. An antibody response against S. iniae was demonstrated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 18% of the immunized fish died because of the S. iniae infection. The actively immunized tilapia demonstrated a secondary antibody response and immunity to S. iniae after challenge with S. iniae by i.p. injection. Survival was 100% in the actively immunized fish. The NWS was obtained from tilapia free of ASI antibody and susceptible to S. iniae infection (40% mortality). In two separate experiments, significantly higher mortality was noted in tilapia passively immunized with NWS (33 and 53%) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (30 and 60%), in comparison with mortalities of 0 and 10% or 3.3 and 6.7% in the fish passively immunized with ASI or HIASI 14 days after S . iniae infection by i.p. injection ( P  = 0.0003 and 0.0023). Results suggest that immunity provided by ASI and HIASI was because of antibody against S. iniae . Inactivation of complement in the HIASI treatment further suggests that ASI antibody plays a primary role in immunity against S. iniae infection.  相似文献   

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