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1.
半滑舌鳎工厂化人工育苗工艺技术研究   总被引:12,自引:4,他引:8  
对半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)采取控温控光和营养强化培育等措施,使67尾经过驯养的野生亲鱼性腺全部发育,并自然产卵和受精,其中,32尾雌鱼产卵14350 mL,包括浮卵4635 mL,浮卵率32.5%。在水温(23±1)℃,盐度30±2,pH 8.0~8.2的孵化条件下,32~36 h孵化出仔鱼,初孵仔鱼约350万尾,总孵化率82.6%。90尾2 龄人工亲鱼中,部分亲鱼性腺发育成熟,其中,雌鱼占13.2%,雄鱼占30%,但均未产卵或排精。12个鱼苗培育池先后放入人工初孵仔鱼199万尾,在(23±2)℃水温条件下,经过70 d的培育,共培育出全长30~50 mm的商品苗种61.5万尾,成活率30.9%,平均出苗量2050尾/m3,实现了半滑舌鳎的工厂化人工苗种繁育。  相似文献   

2.
黑脊倒刺鲃人工繁殖技术   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
郑闽泉 《水产科学》2002,21(5):8-10
采捕于溪河的野生黑脊倒刺Ba,在池塘生态条件下进行人工驯养使其达到性成熟。雌雄亲鱼的成熟率为83.8%和92.1%。采用HCG、LRH-A2等外源激素对成熟亲鱼进行人工催产。催产25组新鱼,获产18组。当水温为20-27℃时,效应时间15-23h,共得卵31500粒。平均催产率和受精率分别为72.0%和62.6%。受精卵在21-31℃水温下孵化,经52-110h仔鱼大量出膜,共孵仔鱼11947尾,育成夏花10956尾,成活率达91.7%。  相似文献   

3.
细鳞裂腹鱼人工繁殖研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
2005~2006年,分别用4种不同的催产剂组合对经人工驯养的180余尾性成熟的野生细鳞裂腹鱼(Schizo-thoraxchongi)进行了人工催产,共获得受精卵50余万粒,孵化出仔鱼9万余尾。催产效果较好的催产剂组合为:鲤鱼脑垂体(PG)与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)联合二次注射,第一次注射剂量为(5 mg+600 IU)/kg鱼体重,第二次注射剂量为(12 mg+1000 IU)/kg鱼体重,在水温13~18℃效应时间为85~98 h。  相似文献   

4.
黄鳍东方鲀人工育苗技术初步研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文报道了福建省水产研究所2005年黄鳍东方鲀人工育苗技术研究结果.在水温18.6~20.2℃、盐度27.3~28.6条件下,亲鱼催产效应时间为39~49h;在水温18~21℃、盐度27.3~28.6条件下,受精卵孵化时间为120~216h;在水温18~21℃、盐度20.0~30.0条件下,室内水泥池前期培育13d,仔鱼成活率69.7%;在水温26.0~29.0℃、盐度15.0~30.0条件下,30万尾稚鱼经池塘50d后期培育,共培育出平均全长3.9cm、平均体重1.1g幼鱼5.0万尾,成活率16.7%.  相似文献   

5.
以人工饲养的2、3冬龄黄颡鱼为研究对象,进行4批次的人工催产和孵化试验。催产雌亲鱼5960尾,平均体重120.6~148.2g,雄亲鱼350尾,平均体重278.6~310.5g。催产药物为LHRH-A2、DOM和HCG合剂。亲鱼注射后放入水泥池暂养,到达效应时间时实施人工采卵、采精液和人工授精,受精卵脱黏后用孵化桶孵化。雌雄亲鱼为20∶1。共收获受精卵4389.6万粒,孵出水花鱼苗3774.2万尾。平均催产率和受精率达到94.6%和84.1%,每尾雌亲鱼平均产受精卵约0.74万粒,孵化出鱼苗约0.63万尾。结果表明,该方法操作简便,亲鱼产卵率、受精卵孵化率和出苗率均较高,同时,节省人力、物力和空间,可大大提高黄颡鱼人工繁殖生产效率。  相似文献   

6.
为实现鸭绿江茴鱼全人工繁育,选择人工繁殖的3龄鸭绿江茴鱼进行了繁育试验。在水泥池中,投喂鲑鳟鱼配合饲料进行亲鱼培育。当亲鱼达性成熟后,采用激素诱导、等渗液洗卵以及浸卵授精等方法获得受精卵;之后将受精卵放在玻璃钢平列槽中进行孵化;在玻璃钢槽中进行稚鱼培育,其间投喂卤虫无节幼体;在室外水泥池进行幼鱼培育,其间投喂海溞和配合饲料。试验结果:亲鱼培育成活率为95.0%;共采卵3 711万粒,采卵率为96.7%;共获得受精卵3 210万粒,受精率为86.5%;发眼积温为110~121℃·d,发眼率为93.0%;出苗积温为175~221℃·d,孵化率为90.6%;仔鱼上浮积温为235~242℃·d,共获得上浮仔鱼2 623万尾。经过101 d的培育,共获得体质量0.5 g的稚鱼2 544万尾,稚鱼培育成活率为97.0%;经158 d培育,共获得体质量3.0 g的幼鱼2 379万尾,幼鱼培育成活率为93.5%。  相似文献   

7.
齐口裂腹鱼的人工繁殖与苗种培育   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
董艳珍  邓思红 《水产科学》2011,30(10):638-640
流水培育齐口裂腹鱼,选择3龄以上雌雄亲鱼各60尾,使用绒毛膜促性腺激素、促黄体素释放激素A2和地欧酮3种药物混合对雌鱼进行注射催产,催产率为85%,受精率为79%,适宜催产的水温为9~16℃;在14~16℃的水温条件下,受精卵在202h内全部出膜,孵出仔鱼约61万尾,孵化率为80%。对孵出的61万尾仔鱼进行了逾90d的培养,共计出塘45万尾,成活率约为74%。试验结果表明,人工培育的齐口裂腹鱼亲鱼性腺能够发育成熟,经催产能成功繁殖。  相似文献   

8.
李禾  李军  王泽仁 《水产科技情报》2015,42(4):202-204, 208
用浅层地下水和河水的混合水将引进的西伯利亚鲟水花鱼苗在水泥池中培育成8龄性成熟亲鱼。在第一次产卵前3~4个月,以2种不同的降温方式使亲鱼越冬。I组17尾雌鱼,17尾雄鱼,水温7~8 ℃;II组19尾雌鱼,20尾雄鱼,水温7~10 ℃。催产前10~15 d将水温升至16~17 ℃。经人工催产,I组10尾雌鱼排卵,14尾雄鱼排精;II组9尾雌鱼排卵,15尾雄鱼排精。雄鱼采用导管法取精,雌鱼切开输卵管手术取卵。试验结果,共获成熟卵19 490 mL,计87.17×104粒,用半干法授精,获受精卵66.22×104粒,受精率17.5 %~90.0 %;孵出鱼苗39.6×104尾,孵化率20.0 %~71.7 %。结果表明,西伯利亚鲟在水泥池中经人工饲养、培育能达到性成熟,可用来进行人工繁殖。  相似文献   

9.
三角鲂全人工繁殖与苗种培育技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
人工催产三角鲂亲鱼30组,催产率达到83.33%,水泥池孵化,水温26~28℃时经30~36h开始出苗。经仔鱼(2.5mm左右)培育、鱼苗培育,5月中旬可出塘,鱼苗普遍长至4.5cm,成活率80%~90%。  相似文献   

10.
2007~2009年,从沅江、资江采用三种不同捕捞方法,共获得野生湘华鲮Sinilabeo decorus tungting (Nichols) 252尾,分别在三种不同水域中进行驯养,结果成活率为,池塘驯养27%,水泥池水流驯养78.8%,江河网箱驯养77.5%,三种不同捕捞方法驯养成活率分别是,电捕93.8%,刺网捕60.8%,电打+鹭鸶捕42.6%。人工繁殖所获亲鱼,在18批次催产中有16批次为野生亲本,2批次为人工驯养亲本。18批次共催产亲鱼37尾,有19尾产卵,催产率为51.4%,其中人工驯养鱼催产5尾,产4尾,催产率为80%,催产共计产卵35.6万粒,受精率在51%~88%,孵化出苗17.68万尾。在四种催产药物中,通过多种组合试验,结果为(LRH-A2 (5 μg/kg)+HCG (1000 IU/kg)+PG (1.5个/kg))、(LRH-A2 (5 μg/kg)+HCG (1000 IU/kg))和(LRH-A2 (6 μg/kg)+HCG (800 IU/kg) + DOM (3 μg/kg))3种药物组合效果较好。苗种培育,经三种不同培育模式试验,其水泥池成活率为25.8%,江河网箱68.4%,土池21.7%;起水均重为,池塘7.8g/尾,江河网箱5.1g/尾,水泥池6.0g/尾,各池湘华鲮苗种起水总重量,水泥池1550g,江河网箱3500g,池塘1700g。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

17.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

18.
19.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

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