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1.
鄱阳湖鲫的年龄与生长特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以鳞片作为年龄鉴定材料,对鄱阳湖鲫的年龄结构以及生长特性进行了研究。结果显示:鄱阳湖鲫种群由5个年龄组(1a~5a)构成。体重(W,g)与体长(L,mm)的关系式为:W=5*10-5L2.887;体长与鳞径(R,mm)的关系式为:L=32.61R+6.634。生长规律可用Von Bertalanffy生长方程描述:Wt=776.9599*(1-e-0.14238(t+0.31961))2.887、Lt=294.8954*(1-e-0.14238(t+0.31961)),体重生长拐点年龄t0=7.13a。鄱阳湖鲫的生长参数与其他湖泊中相比,生长系数(k)较小,表明鄱阳湖鲫生长缓慢,从退算体长来看,鄱阳湖鲫表现出小型化趋势,建议采取加强春季禁渔期管理、控制捕捞强度、提高捕捞年龄、保护湖滩草洲生态环境等措施,实现渔业资源增殖。  相似文献   

2.
对海南海区采得的51尾丝蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auriga Forstal)年龄与生长的研究表明,其年轮特征主要为切割型,体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈直线相关:L=-3.5730+6.8387R;体长(L)与体重(W)呈幂函数的关系:W=5.9540×10-2L2.8126.应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合该鱼的一般生长规律,其生长参数为:L∞=23.25cm,W∞=420.77g,K=0.2777,t0=-0.1579,拐点年龄ti=4龄,拐点体长Li=15.92cm,拐点体重Wi=135.14g.海南海区丝蝴蝶鱼应以2龄、体长10.26cm、体重46.23g为最适合可捕标准.  相似文献   

3.
对海南海区采得的51尾丝蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auriga Forstal)年龄与生长的研究表明,其年轮特征主要为切割型,体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈直线相关:L=-3.5730+6.8387R;体长(L)与体重(W)呈幂函数的关系:W=5.9540×10-2L2.8126。应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合该鱼的一般生长规律,其生长参数为:L∞=23.25cm,W∞=420.77g,K=0.2777,to=-0.1579,拐点年龄ti=4龄,拐点体长Li=15.92cm,拐点体重Wi=135.14g。海南海区丝蝴蝶鱼应以2龄、体长10.26cm、体重46.23g为最适合可捕标准。  相似文献   

4.
黑尾近红鲌在人工养殖条件下的生长   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了养殖条件下黑尾近红鲌的生长规律,结果表明:体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈直线相关L=6.4355R+3.4337(r=0.9983);体重(W)与体长(L)呈指数函数关系 W=0.0093L3.2546(r=0.9921).应用各龄逆算体长、体重均值,求得生长方程Lt=45.9643[1-e-0.3238(1+1.2687)],Wt=2393.2495[1-e-0.3238(1+1.2687)]3.2546.体重生长曲线的拐点tt=2.38龄,拐点处的体长为Lt=31.86锄,体重为Wt=726.18g.根据生长指数分析得出1~2龄的黑尾近红鲌体长、体重生长最快.  相似文献   

5.
南湾水库翘嘴红鲌的生长及种群控制的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
南湾水库的翘嘴红鱼白体长与体重实测值的关系呈幂指数关系,关系式为:W=0.0489L2.7274(r2=0.9739)。应用VonBertalanffy生长方程拟合其生长规律,体长与体重的生长不等速,其主要生物学参数为:L∞=98.8cm,W∞=7140.9g,体长的k=0.1662、t0=0.2638;体重的k=0.1038、t0=-0.1076,拐点年龄ti=5.3龄,拐点体长为57cm,体重为2049g。建议翘嘴红鱼白的捕捞年龄为2+,即体长为28cm、体重为500g以上,其适用网具的网目为90mm。  相似文献   

6.
海南海区丝蝴蝶鱼年龄与生长的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
对海南海区采得的51尾丝蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auriga Forstal)年龄与生长的研究表明,其年轮特征主要为切割型。其体长与鳞径呈直线相关L=-3.5730+6.8387R;体长与体重呈幂函数的增长关系:W=5.940×10-2L2.8176。应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合该鱼的一般生长规律,其生长参数这:L∞=23.25cm,W∞=420.77g,K=0.2777,to=-0.1579,拐点年龄ti=4龄,拐点体长Li=15.92cm,拐点体重Wi=135.14g。  相似文献   

7.
利用2012年3月-2013年2月在鄱阳湖通江水道进行的定置网渔获物调查的数据,运用软件FiSAT II对翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)的生长参数以及种群补充模式进行了估算。结果显示,鄱阳湖通江水道翘嘴鲌体长范围为93-645 mm;体长(L, mm)和体重(W, g)的关系式为W = 0.9×10-5L3.029 (R2=0.975, n = 317),von Bertalanffy生长方程的各参数:渐近体长L∞= 677.25 mm,生长系数K= 0.140,理论生长起点年龄t0 = -0.854。总死亡系数Z=1.514/a,自然死亡系数M=0.173/a,捕捞死亡系数F = 1.341/a。鄱阳湖通江水道翘嘴鲌开发率E=0.886,资源处于过度利用状态。种群补充模式表明,鄱阳湖通江水道翘嘴鲌种群补充期在4–8月。因此,建议适当延长鄱阳湖的禁渔期,以利于其资源的恢复与保护。  相似文献   

8.
长江干流圆口铜鱼的年龄与生长研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用鳞片材料对采自长江干流宜昌和重庆江段圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti)的年龄进行鉴定,并对其生长方程、生长拐点等生物学特征进行了研究。结果表明,调查江段圆口铜鱼的年龄组成以1、2龄个体为主;体长(L)和鳞径(R)呈线性关系,L=15.327R+71.349;体重(W)与体长(L)呈幂指数关系,W=0.00002L2.9942;体长von Bertalanfy生长方程为Lt=730.15[1-e-0.12(t+1.01)];体重生长方程为Wt=7493.05[1-e-0.12(t+1.01)]2.9942;其生长拐点年龄为8.13龄。圆口铜鱼体长生长3龄前为快速期,之后生长减缓。为了保护长江干流圆口铜鱼资源,建议以278mm为最小捕捞个体的体长。  相似文献   

9.
对怀头鲇(♀)与兰州鲇(♂)的杂交F1人工养殖条件的生长进行研究。结果显示:在水温22 ̄25℃条件下,平均体长(2.75±0.16)cm、平均体重(0.36±0.06)g的杂交F1幼鱼经过100d培育后,平均体长和平均体重分别达到(28.56±3.26)cm和(193.33±59.50)g。体长与日龄呈线性关系,L=0.3131t+1.4389,R2=0.9178;体重与日龄呈指数函数关系,W=0.0159L2.7664,R2=0.9148。体重与体长呈幂函数关系,关系式为W=0.0159L2.7664,R2=0.9963,其中b值接近于3,怀头鲇和兰州鲇的杂交F1幼鱼为等速生长类型,体重生长与全长生长速度相近。  相似文献   

10.
武湖翘嘴红鲌年龄和生长的研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
报道了武湖翘嘴红鲌的年龄生长特点.其渔获物中2+和3+龄个体占57.1%,体长以300~600mm为主,体长与鳞长之间呈直线相关L=6.1814+90.4837 R,体重与体长呈指数函数相关W=2.045 ×10-6L3.2585,3+龄以前生长最快,生长指标高,体长和体重的相对增长率大,其生长规律符合Von Bertalanffy方程L1=1 404.9(1-e-0.10(t+0.71)),W1=3.629×14(1-e-0.10(t+0.71))3.2585,捕捞3龄以上个体较为合理.  相似文献   

11.
12.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

13.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

16.
17.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

18.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

19.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

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