黄颡鱼高效人工繁殖技术

以人工饲养的2、3冬龄黄颡鱼为研究对象,进行4批次的人工催产和孵化试验。催产雌亲鱼5960尾,平均体重120.6～148.2g,雄亲鱼350尾,平均体重278.6～310.5g。催产药物为LHRH-A2、DOM和HCG合剂。亲鱼注射后放入水泥池暂养,到达效应时间时实施人工采卵、采精液和人工授精,受精卵脱黏后用孵化桶孵化。雌雄亲鱼为20∶1。共收获受精卵4389.6万粒,孵出水花鱼苗3774.2万尾。平均催产率和受精率达到94.6%和84.1%,每尾雌亲鱼平均产受精卵约0.74万粒,孵化出鱼苗约0.63万尾。结果表明,该方法操作简便,亲鱼产卵率、受精卵孵化率和出苗率均较高,同时,节省人力、物力和空间,可大大提高黄颡鱼人工繁殖生产效率。     

塞内加尔鳎规模化人工繁育技术研究

2005~2006年连续两年对引进苗种养成的塞内加尔鳎Solea senegalensis全人工养殖亲鱼进行了繁育技术研究。两年间分别在威海和海阳两个实验基地共对33尾成熟雌鱼进行了LHRH-a肌肉注射催产和人工采卵授精,正常获产31尾,共获得受精卵7·3×106粒,平均受精率为64·3%,受精卵的平均孵化率为80·5%。两个实验基地分别培育出全长21~33mm苗种249万尾和全长22~36mm苗种112万尾,苗种培育成活率分别达到62·7%和58·2%。本研究成功地通过人工催产的方法,稳定获得塞内加尔鳎批量受精卵,并达到苗种生产量连续超过100万尾的规模化育苗水平。     

扁吻鱼人工繁殖技术研究

2006～2007年,利用人工驯化养殖3年以上的扁吻鱼(Aspiorhynchus laticeps)亲鱼,通过人工催产、流水刺激、人工采卵等方法,2年共采卵99万粒,授精率83.3%,孵化率67.8%,室内人工孵化出苗56万尾,初孵仔鱼全长0.7 cm,水温17～19℃时,约6 d后开口摄食,开口饵料为轮虫或卤虫无节幼体.     

美国太阳鱼人工繁殖技术研究

利用水泥池、人工鱼巢 ,经人工催产 ,对 18组蓝鳃太阳鱼亲鱼进行人工繁殖技术试验 ,在第二次注射催产剂 2 8h后开始产卵 ,持续 6d产卵结束 ,共产卵 15窝 ,计 10 5万粒 ,产卵率为 83 3% ,受精卵为 9 0万粒 ,受精率约为 86 % ,经 38～ 4 2h孵化 ,出苗 7 8万尾 ,孵化率为 86 8%。蓝鳃太阳鱼雌鱼具有一年多次产卵、繁殖能力强的习性 ;其卵为粘性卵 ,制作特殊的人工鱼巢是人工繁殖成功的关键 ;而优良的水质、充足的溶氧、保持卵膜良好的通透性 ,是提高蓝鳃太阳鱼孵化率的重要措施。     

欧洲鳇全人工繁殖技术研究

对引进的欧洲鳇鱼种在生态循环水工厂化养殖车间进行人工驯养、亲鱼培育和全人工繁殖试验.2012年11月从中挑选亲本4组,在16.3℃的水温条件下,模拟自然产卵生态环境,通过人工注射催产药物地欧酮(DOM)和鲑鱼释放激素类似物(S-GnRHa)诱导亲鱼产卵和排精,催产的4尾雌鱼中有3尾催产成功,获得受精卵67.6万粒,孵出优质仔鱼38.3万尾,其催产率、孵化率、受精率、亲鱼成活率分别为75％、70％、81％、100％.     

黄河野生乌鳢微流水人工繁育保种技术

2009-2011年,笔者在陕西省合阳县黄河滩新民良种场进行了黄河野生乌鳢微流水人工繁育保种试验.其中:2009年催产亲鱼15组,集卵9万粒,受精率很低,未孵出鱼苗.2010年催产亲鱼30组,集卵50万粒,受精率56.7％,生产水花28.3万尾,1龄鱼种5万尾;2011年,对注射剂量和孵化流程进行改进,取得较好效果.共催产亲鱼48组,集卵18万粒,孵化水花鱼苗11万尾,受精率达到61.1％;经过2阶段(水花-夏花,夏花-鱼种)培育,生产1龄鱼种2万尾,平均规格75 g/尾,总产量1 500 kg,667m2均产量500 kg,乌鳢人工繁殖及苗种培育取得成功.     

大鳞鲃亲鱼培育及人工繁殖技术

邯郸市曲周东湖水产良种养殖场从黑龙江引进大鳞鲃(Barbus capito)后备亲鱼768尾,尾重1.8kg。经过3年的人工培育,亲鱼性腺已发育成熟,2015年筛选12条亲鱼进行人工繁殖试验,催产雌鱼5条,尾重3.9~4.1kg,雄鱼7条,尾重2.41kg。人工催产获得受精卵112万粒,受精率达67%,表明大鳞鲃亲鱼的培育已在当地获得成功。     

唇(鱼骨)人工繁殖和鱼苗培育初步研究

对唇(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus labeo)的亲鱼培育、人工繁殖、孵化和鱼苗培育等技术进行了初步研究.试验结果表明:唇(鱼骨)野生亲本在池塘条件下经人工驯养可达性成熟;在水温19.0～21.0 ℃时一次性注射LHR-A2、HCG和DOM混合催产剂,其效应时间18～21.5 h;2005～2006年采用人工催产、自然产卵及人工授精、流水孵化、豆浆法培育鱼苗等方法,共催产雌鱼44尾,平均催产率81.5%,共计产卵45.7万粒,平均受精率82.6%,孵化率77.4%,共孵出鱼苗24.5万尾.鱼苗经25～30 d豆浆法培育后可达3 cm以上,平均成活率为65.5%,共培育夏花15.1万尾.     

太阳鱼人工杂交繁殖技术研究

利用人工催产、自然产卵受精技术,对30组蓝鳃太阳鱼(♂)和绿鳃太阳鱼(♀)亲鱼成功地进行人工杂交繁殖试验。在第2次注射催产剂36h后亲鱼开始产卵,4d后产卵结束,共产卵9组,产卵率30%,产卵4.95万粒,受精卵约4万粒,受精率约82.2%。经38~50 h孵化,出苗3.4万尾,孵化率85%。获3 cm苗种2.5万尾,成活率73.5%     

嵩明白鱼人工繁殖初步研究

为保护、开发利用云南土著鱼类资源,开展了嵩明白鱼的人工繁殖技术研究。分别采用不同的催产药物和剂量对嵩明白鱼进行人工催产试验,结果发现,采用促黄体素释放激素类似物(LHRH-A₂)加马来酸地欧酮(DOM)催产效果好,效应时间为21 h,人工采卵流畅,催产率为100 %;而采用绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)催产效果较差,只有6尾雌鱼产卵,人工采卵不流畅,催产率为50 %。在水温16 ℃条件下,受精卵的孵化时间为96 h,孵化积温为1 536 ℃·h。试验共孵化出嵩明白鱼水花鱼苗4万尾。     

Reproductive development, GnRHa-induced spawning and egg quality of wild meagre (Argyrosomus regius) acclimatised to captivity

The objective of the study was to acclimatise wild-caught meagre (Argyrosomus regius) to captivity to produce viable eggs for aquaculture production. Twelve meagre (3 males and 9 females, mean weight?=?20?±?7?kg) were caught and transported to a land-based facility on 26 October 2006. During, March to June 2007, all three males were spermiating and five of the nine females were in vitellogenesis with mean maximum oocyte diameter ≥550?μm. No spontaneous spawning was observed. Two hormone treatments, either a single injection of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa, 20?μg?kg(-1) for females and 10?μg?kg(-1) for males) or a slow-release implant loaded with the same GnRHa (50?μg?kg(-1) for females and 25?μg?kg(-1) for males), were used to induce spawning on three different dates on 26 March 2007, 4 May 2007 and 18 April 2008. From each spawning event, the following parameters were determined: fecundity, number of floating eggs, egg size, fertilisation and hatching success, unfed larval survival, and proximal composition and fatty acid profile of the eggs. In 2007, two females that were injected on 26 March and 4 May spawned a total of 5 times producing 9,019,300 floating eggs and a relative fecundity of 198,200 eggs?kg(-1) and two different females that were implanted on the same dates spawned 14 times producing 12,430,000 floating eggs and a relative fecundity of 276,200 eggs?kg(-1). In 2008, a pair that was implanted spawned five times producing a total of 10,211,900 floating eggs and a relative fecundity of 527,380 eggs?kg(-1). The latency period was 48-72?h. Parameters were compared between hormone treatments, date of hormone induction and parents determined by microsatellites. Percentage hatch and egg size were 70?±?0.3% and 0.99?±?0.02?mm, respectively, for GnRHa-implanted fish and were significantly higher (P?相似文献   

Captive Breeding of a Gangetic Leaffish Nandus nandus (Hamilton-Buchanan) with Three Commercial GnRH Preparations

Nandus nandus is a threatened fish species that plays a significant role in the nutrition of India, especially in the Northeastern states. In the present study, induced spawning of a threatened freshwater fish Nandus nandus (Hamilton-Buchanan) was conducted using three commercially available synthetic GnRH preparations viz., wova- FH, ovaprim, and ovatide in different intensities. The brooder females were injected one time and left to spawn in the spawning hapa. It was found that at different dosages (0.1 ml, 0.2, and 0.3 ml/kg of body weight) hormone wova-FH and ovaprim could induce the fishes to spawn. No spawning was observed by females treated with ovatide and in control set. The spawning time, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and survival rate were quantified in each set of experiment. The egg output/gm female was higher with the dosage of 0.3 ml in comparison to 0.1 ml/kg and 0.2 ml/kg of body weight of ovaprim and wova-FH. The statistical analysis showed significant effect (P < 0.05) between hormonal doses with latency period, fertilization rate, incubation period, hatching percentage, and egg output. The present study suggests that wova –FH and ovaprim at 0.3 ml/kg body weight of fish are more effective in induction of spawning of N. nandus.     

齐口裂腹鱼的人工繁殖与苗种培育

流水培育齐口裂腹鱼,选择3龄以上雌雄亲鱼各60尾,使用绒毛膜促性腺激素、促黄体素释放激素A2和地欧酮3种药物混合对雌鱼进行注射催产,催产率为85%,受精率为79%,适宜催产的水温为9～16℃;在14～16℃的水温条件下,受精卵在202h内全部出膜,孵出仔鱼约61万尾,孵化率为80%。对孵出的61万尾仔鱼进行了逾90d的培养,共计出塘45万尾,成活率约为74%。试验结果表明,人工培育的齐口裂腹鱼亲鱼性腺能够发育成熟,经催产能成功繁殖。     

Reproductive Performance of Pigmented and Albino Female Channel Catfish Induced to Spawn with HCG or Ovaprim

Reproductive performance of albino and pigmented channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctarus ) females was compared when spawning was induced with HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) or Ovaprim ³ (domperidone and [d-Ala⁶, Pro⁹ NEt]-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone). In 1985, only HCG was used to induce spawning. Albino females required more injections, had a longer latency period from time of first injection to spawning, and had lower spawning success (30%) than pigmented females (77%). No differences were observed between albino and pigmented females for time-of-day of spawning, number of eggs obtained by manual stripping, and number of eggs/kg body weight. In 1988, HCG, Ovaprim, and saline (control) were used to induce spawning. HCG induced spawning in 80% of albino and 71% of pigmented females. Ovaprim induced 67% of pigmented females to spawn, but only 2 of 5 albino females spawned. One of four pigmented females injected with saline spawned. Albino females yielded 40–50% fewer eggs/kg body weight than pigmented females. Other performance characteristics for albino and pigmented females were similar whether injected with HCG or Ovaprim. High temperatures encountered during the 1985 spawning season my have had a differential effect on albino and pigmented fish and may account for some differences in spawning success.     

唇鲭人工繁殖试验

从鸭绿江及其支流瑷河中收集野生唇鲳Hemibarbus labeo（Pallas）苗种，在池塘和网箱中培育3-4年后，于2009和2010年对这些亲本进行了7批次人工繁殖试验，共催产亲鱼231组，获卵470万粒，水花282．5万尾，基本摸清了该流域唇鲋的雌雄鉴别、成熟度鉴别、繁殖时期与温度、催情药物、人工授精、孵化等规模化生产人工繁殖技术。     

Hormone Induced Spawning of Summer Flounder Paralichthys dentatus

During their first year in captivity, summer flounder Paralicthys denratus were induced to spawn with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) implants, injected carp pituitary extract (CPE) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injections. The percentage of fertile eggs was greatest (69%) in CPE-treated females. CPE, but not GnRHa or hCG, was capable of stimulating oocyte growth (increased follicle diameter during vitellogenesis) followed by ovulation. Fish with maximum ovarian follicle diameters between 180 and 435 μm at the initiation of CPE injections produced the greatest percentage of fertile eggs. For most females, fertilization rate was greatest for the first batch of eggs ovulated. The mean fertilization rate for the first spawn of CPE-treated fish was 42% compared with 14% for the second spawn from the same fish. Fish with maximum initial follicle diameters of 585 40 μm that were implanted with GnRHa ovulated the greatest number of eggs, but fertility was low and variable. Approximately 35% of females injected with hCG ovulated a limited number of eggs, but only one hCG-treated female produced fertile eggs. Only a limited number of spermiating males were available for spawning trials. Hormone treatments used on females were ineffective for inducing or maintaining spermiation in male summer flounder.     

蛇鮈人工繁殖试验及其仔鱼异速生长模式的研究

2014-2016年在湖北省黄冈市赤东湖渔场对210尾湖泊野生蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi Bleeker)进行了人工繁殖试验,并对0~20日龄仔鱼的异速生长模式进行研究。结果显示:注射绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、促黄体素释放激素类似物(LRH-A_2)和马来酸地欧酮(DOM)可促使成熟的雌性亲鱼产卵。产卵量为38.96万粒,孵出鱼苗13.5万尾,平均催产率、平均受精率、平均孵化率分别为75.0%、64.85%、55.15%。蛇鮈仔鱼的许多关键器官均存在异速生长现象。全长生长分为2个阶段,由慢速生长到快速生长的转折点为10日龄。头长、尾长、吻长均表现为正异速生长,而躯干长、胸鳍长表现为负异速生长。眼径的生长在4日龄时出现拐点,由等速生长转变为负异速生长。     

Induced maturation and spawning of domestic and wild striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum), broodstock with implanted GnRH analogue and injected hCG

Abstract. A domestic striped bass. Morone saxatilis (Walbaum), broodstock was established by rearing fish to sexual maturity in ponds. A method was developed to reproduce the domestic females, and also wild females too immature to be successfully induced to spawn with injected human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The fish were implanted with pellets containing 100–150μg of a synthetic analogue of mammalian gonadotropin reieasing-hormone, [D-Ala⁶- Pro⁹-NEt]-LHRH (mGnRHa), in a matrix of cholesterol (CH) and cellulose. They were implanted with one fast hormone-release (80% CH) pellet and one slow hormone-release (95% CH) pellet and allowed to mature for 1–3 days, until they entered the process of final oocyte maturation and were induced to ovulate or spawn with an hCG injection. The secondary hCG injection was found to be necessary to speed the maturation of the wild fish; they otherwise would succumb to the stresses of capture, handling and confinement before they could be spawned. The total mGnRHa dosages used ranged from 33 to 111μg mGnRHa/kg body weight, and the hCG doses were either 165 or 330 IU hCG/kg body weight. Using the combined mGnRHa implant-hCG injection technique, fry production rates were comparable to those obtained using fully mature wild females taken directly from their spawning grounds.     

Captive breeding of climbing perch Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) with Wova-FH for conservation and aquaculture

Induced breeding of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus was conducted by synthetic hormone Wova‐FH in the intensity level of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mL kg^?1 of body weight respectively. The brooders were injected one time and left to spawn in the spawning hapa in the sex ratio between male and female as 2:1. It was found that at all the intensity level hormone Wova‐FH could enhance the fishes to breed and lay eggs whereas no breeding was observed in control set. The spawning time, quantity of the brooder spawn, fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate were quantified in each set of experiment. The egg output/female was significantly higher in 0.3 mL in comparison with 0.1 and 0.2 mL kg^?1 of body weight. The statistical analysis showed significant (P≤0.05) effect between hormone dose on fertilization rate, egg output and hatching rate. The present experiment suggests that Wova‐FH at the dose of 0.3 mL kg^?1 body weight of fish is more effective which might be considered for raising captive population.     

The use of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue for ovulation induction in black sea bass (Centropristis striata)

Interest in commercial production of black sea bass has increased in recent years, but reliable spawning methods remain problematic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of oocyte size and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) dosage and delivery systems on ovulatory success for in vitro fertilization. Vitellogenic females with maximum oocyte diameters of 400–625 μm were implanted with a 95% cholesterol–5% cellulose pellet containing 50 μg of LHRHa. Fish with maximum oocyte diameters < 450 μm failed to ovulate. In contrast, 90% of fish with 500 μm oocytes spawned within 36 h and 40% of this group ovulated a second time. All of the females containing oocytes > 550 μm ovulated. In a second experiment, females with uniformly vitellogenic oocytes (> 500 μm) and implanted with 50 μg LHRHa ovulated substantial numbers of eggs (45,000–192,000 eggs/kg body weight (BW), but fertility was consistently low (0–15%). In a third experiment, 19 of 39 females receiving implants containing 6.3–23.6 μg LHRHa/kg BW during the spawning season ovulated, but fecundity (17,000–339,000 eggs/kg) and fertilization (0–98%) were highly variable. When fish were grouped by developmental index, calculated as the number of oocytes with diameters > 400 μm/total number of oocytes measured, there were no statistical differences among groups with respect to the number of spawns, fecundity or fertilization success. In a fourth experiment, 11 of 13 females with a clutch of fully vitellogenic oocytes that were injected with 20 or 100 μg/kg BW LHRHa ovulated between 1 and 2 times on consecutive days. Five of seven given an implant containing 12.5 μg LHRHa ovulated one or more times. Fish implanted with shams or injected with vehicle alone did not ovulate in any of the experiments. No differences were found in the number of spawns, fecundity or fertilization success from fish receiving different doses of injected or implanted LHRHa. Incubation of pooled eggs produced 155,000 larvae (60% hatch) and 95,000 one-gram juveniles. These results demonstrate that injected or implanted LHRHa is effective for inducing ovulation in black sea bass with maximum oocyte diameters > 500 μm.