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1.
尖吻鲈Lates calcarifer (Bloch)俗称“盲曹”,为热带广盐性海洋鱼类,我国东南沿海广有分布。其肉味鲜美、营养丰富、生长快,盐度适应性广,是海水、咸淡水及淡水养殖的优良品种。近年来,我国南方沿海地区已有养殖,种苗主要来源于泰国的人工繁殖。由于种苗来源困难、价格昂贵,限制了生产的发展。为此,我们在1985年的5月和8月,先后从泰国引进了二批全长7~12毫米的幼苗进行培育,并于1986年着手尖吻鲈的人工繁殖工作,1989、1990两年相继催产成功,培育出种苗4批,完成了尖吻鲈的亲鱼培育、人工繁殖及种苗培育的全过程工作。本文着重描述从1日龄仔鱼至3厘米鱼苗的培苗过程。  相似文献   

2.
福建地区池养匙吻鲟人工繁殖研究初报   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用池塘人工培育的匙吻鲟亲鱼进行人工催产,催产的3尾雌鱼均能排卵,采取干法人工授精,共获受精卵27.2×10^4粒,受精率42.5%-80.3%,孵出仔鱼13.1×10^4尾,孵化率为12.2%-82.5%。结果表明,在福建省气候条件下,池塘人工培育的匙吻鲟亲鱼能够成熟并成功地进行人工繁殖。  相似文献   

3.
陈启春 《淡水渔业》2001,31(5):14-15
我所于 1998年、 1999年两次从浙江省引进巴西鲷夏花苗种进行养殖试验 ,初步掌握其生物学特性。笔者于 2 0 0 0年 6月在泉州育苗点进行人工繁殖、苗种培育试验 ,取得较理想效果。1 材料和方法1 1 人工繁殖1 1 1 池塘条件及亲鱼培育亲鱼培育池为 5 0 0m2 的旧养鳗池 ,水深 1 0m。底部为鹅卵石底 ,有独立的进排水设施。此次人工催产的亲鱼系 1998年从浙江引进的夏花苗种 ,先在土池经过 16个月养成 ,于 1999年底共转移尾均重 0 4 5kg的后备亲鱼 30尾至水泥池进行培育。与银鲈、条纹鲈亲鱼进行混养 ,不再单独投饲。1 1 2 催产、孵化条…  相似文献   

4.
为探索六须鲶苗种繁育关键技术,采用混合使用DOM、LHRH-A2和HCG的方法,对在池塘驯养了2~4年的六须鲶亲鱼进行人工催产试验。试验结果:催产的11批45组亲鱼中,顺产39组,催产率达86.7%;收集鱼卵310.6万粒,获得受精卵244.6万粒,平均受精率78.8%;孵出全长0.6~0.8cm鱼苗177.9万尾,平均孵化率达72.7%;投喂丰年虫、水蚤、水蚯蚓、鱼肉等饵料,经17~25 d,培育出2.5~10.0 cm的鱼种114.3万尾,平均培育成活率64.2%。试验中还获得了具不同时期变态特征的胚胎发育图谱。试验结果表明,采用2mg·kg~1DOM+10μg·kg~1LHRH-A2+1000 IU·kg~1HCG对六须鲶成熟亲鱼进行人工催产,在水温23~26℃,微流水+充氧的条件下,可以成功孵化出六须鲶鱼苗;以浮游动物作开口饵料,按1000~1500尾·m-2的密度培育鱼苗,培育效果最好。  相似文献   

5.
长江大鳍Hu的人工繁殖   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
本文对长江鳍Hu亲鱼的池塘培育和人工繁殖技术进行了研究。1992年-1994年期间,采用池塘混养技术,将长江野生大鳍Hu引入池塘进行驯化和培育,连续2年获得成熟亲鱼并进行人工繁殖,在池塘环境中,大鳍Hu雌亲鱼成熟率分别为81.8%和70.6%,雄亲鱼分别为100%和93.5%,采用多种催产药物混合注射的催产方法,可以得到较好的催产率,大鳍Hu人工繁殖适宜的催产剂量是雌鱼每g体重注射LRH-A0.3  相似文献   

6.
在池塘养殖条件下,对6龄斑Hu亲鱼采取依3^#、4^#西研制的亲鱼营养饲料进行产前强化培育试验,获得成功。结果表明:培育的雌鱼50%、雄鱼95%性腺发育成熟并符合人工催产要求。  相似文献   

7.
<正> 尖吻鲈(Lates calcarifer)在各国池塘和网箱中广泛养殖。据东南亚渔业发展中心(SEAFDEC)报道,池塘养殖尖吻鲈,当年可收回74%的投资;网箱养殖尖吻鲈,1.4年可收回成本。现将尖吻鲈繁殖、养殖以及国外市场介绍如下。  相似文献   

8.
翘嘴红鱼白人工繁殖及其夏花鱼种培育技术研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对翘嘴红鱼白亲鱼的池塘驯化培育和人工繁殖技术以及夏花鱼种的培育技术进行了研究。在池塘对亲鱼进行人工培育,使其性腺发育达到成熟,经催产繁殖鱼苗获得成功,再对鱼苗进行池塘培育后获得夏花鱼种21.5万尾。  相似文献   

9.
匙吻鲟亲鱼培育及规模化人工繁殖技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用分阶段培育方式培育匙吻鲟亲鱼,后备亲鱼(5~6龄)在水库及坝下池塘培育,催产用亲鱼在流水池中强化培育,各阶段通过控制水流速度、水温、水质和饵料条件,满足其性腺发育需求。2008年至2010年共培育后备亲鱼1017尾,性腺发育成熟亲鱼110组,并逐尾包埋电子标签,建立不同年龄段亲鱼种源库。采用B超结合体形观察判断早期性别,结合挖卵检查准确判断亲鱼的成熟度,依据成熟度确定催产剂量,并通过控制水温、水流速度、挤卵排精时间等催产和孵化条件,人工繁殖的催产率、受精率和孵化率显著提高,年均分别达到95%、95%、78.3%,三年共孵化匙吻鲟鱼苗1246.6万尾。实现了匙吻鲟规模化人工繁殖的目标。  相似文献   

10.
为探索六须鲶人工繁殖及苗种培育关键技术,采用混合使用DOM、LHRH-A2和HCG的方法,对在池塘驯养了2~4年的六须鲶亲鱼进行人工催产试验。试验结果:催产的11批45组亲鱼中,顺产39组,催产率达86.7 %;收集鱼卵310.6万粒,获得受精卵244.6万粒,平均受精率78.8 %;孵出全长0.6~0.8 cm的鱼苗177.9万尾,平均孵化率达72.7 %;投喂丰年虫、水蚤、水蚯蚓、鱼肉等饵料,经17~25 d,培育出2.5~10.0 cm的鱼种114.3万尾,平均培育成活率64.2 %。试验还获得了具不同时期变态特征的胚胎发育图谱。试验结果表明,采用2 mg·kg-1 DOM+10 μg·kg-1 LHRH-A2+1 000 IU·kg-1 HCG对六须鲶成熟亲鱼进行人工催产,在水温23~26 ℃,微流水+充氧的条件下,可以成功孵化出六须鲶鱼苗;以浮游动物作开口饵料,按1 000~1 500尾·m-2的密度培育鱼苗,培育效果最好。  相似文献   

11.
12.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

13.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
16.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

17.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

18.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

19.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

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