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1.
1中西太平洋渔场中西太平洋渔场是指从北纬20°至南纬25°,西经 175°以西的太平洋海域,这一海域中金枪鱼鱼类资源非常丰富。在赤道至北纬5°的海域间,黄鳍金枪鱼的钓获率很高,在东经130-150°的海域里,黄鳍金枪鱼在4、5、6 月和11月时钓获率也很高,而1月和8月的钓获率最低。  相似文献   

2.
戴小杰  李延  许柳雄  朱江峰 《水产学报》2009,33(6):1044-1049
根据2006年2-11月科学观察员对热带东太平洋公海海域(05°N~10°S,134° W~173°W)金枪鱼延绳钓渔业的调查,期间共投钩223次(天),误捕到绿海龟、蠵龟、丽龟、玳瑁和棱皮龟5种共22尾,死亡海龟13尾。从海龟误捕率看,平均每次尾数为0.098 65。平均每千钩尾数0.037 40。从海龟的钩获部位看,喙(嘴)上钩占41.0%,躯干部位上钩占13.6%,喉部上钩占13.6%,前肢上钩占18.2%,主绳缠绕被捕获占13.6%。海龟的误捕区域位于04°S以北海域,几乎可全年捕获。此外分析了不同钩位误捕海龟的数量,探讨了影响误捕率和死亡率的因素,提出保护对策。  相似文献   

3.
中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔获物组成分析   总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1  
根据 2 0 0 4年 7月 2 8日至 9月 1日在中西太平洋海域的金枪鱼围网生产调查结果 ,以及“金汇 2号”2 0 0 3年全年的生产数据 ,对中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔获物组成进行了初步分析。结果显示 ,渔获物种类有鲣鱼 (Katsuwonuspelamis)、黄鳍金枪鱼 (Thunnusalbacares)和大眼金枪鱼 (Thunnusobesus)等 19种 ;渔获物重量组成中鲣鱼占 70 .5 1% ,黄鳍金枪鱼占 2 6 .92 % ,其它鱼类占 2 .5 6 % ;鲣鱼的叉长范围为 2 7~ 81cm ,优势叉长组为 4 0~ 5 0cm ,占 4 1% ;黄鳍金枪鱼叉长范围为 32~ 16 5cm ,优势叉长组为 5 0~ 70cm ,占 33% ,另一优势叉长组为 110~ 130cm ,占 2 0 % ;渔获物重量组成存在海域差异 ,在 16 2°E以东海域鲣鱼比例高于以西海域 ,黄鳍金枪鱼则是在 16 2°E以西海域的比例较高。  相似文献   

4.
长鳍金枪鱼作为高度洄游的大洋性鱼类,有较高的经济价值。为掌握中西太平洋长鳍金枪鱼的资源时空分布以可持续开发利用,笔者根据2009—2018年世界各国在中西太平洋的长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓作业数据,利用统计和K-means聚类方法探究长鳍金枪鱼资源的时间变化趋势与空间分布特征。研究结果显示:2009—2018年间长鳍金枪鱼渔场重心主要分布在E 155°~W 160°,S 15°~S 30°海域;北半球冬季(12月—翌年2月)主要集中在北半球低纬度海域(N 0°~N 10°),渔场重心向西北偏移;南半球冬季(6—8月)主要集中在南半球低纬度海域(S 12°~N 22.5°),渔场重心向东南偏移。渔场重心的空间分布受海面温度异常的影响较显著:当海面温度距平值整体偏高时,渔场重心零散分布于中部海域;海面温度距平值相对偏低时,渔场重心向东南与西北两侧偏移。本研究结果有助于中西太平洋长鳍金枪鱼的可持续开发利用与科学管理。  相似文献   

5.
根据 2 0 0 2年 1~ 6月中国大陆地区鱿钓渔船在西南大西洋的生产统计及其海表水温数据 ,按 1°× 1°的格式进行统计分析 ,并用MarineExplore 4 .0软件进行作图 ,对阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场、CPUE分布及其与表温的关系进行了分析。结果表明 ,1~ 3月份中心渔场集中在 4 5°S、6 0°W一带 ,4~ 6月份作业渔场集中在 4 2°S、5 7°W附近。各月产量和CPUE有很大变动 ,其中 1月份产量最高 ,3月份开始下降 ,6月份达到渔汛的末期。全年产量较高海区的表温为 12~ 15℃ ,各月份的最适渔获表温不同 ,1月为 14~ 15℃ ,2月为 13~ 15℃ ,3月为 12~ 14℃ ,4月为 9~ 13℃ ,5月为 8~ 10℃ ,6月为 7~ 9℃ ,并且每月的作业水温逐渐降低 ,平均每月下降约 1℃。经K S检验 ,结果表明 ,各月表温和CPUE的差异均不显著。  相似文献   

6.
刘勇  陈新军 《海洋渔业》2007,29(4):296-301
黄鳍金枪鱼是中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业中的重要捕捞种类之一。本文根据2003年中西太平洋金枪鱼围网生产统计及其表温数据,利用频次统计分析和地理信息软件Marine Explorer 4.0对黄鳍金枪鱼产量和单位日产量(CPUE)的时空分布进行分析,探讨其与海水表温的关系。结果显示,产量和CPUE最高的是2月份,其次是9月份,5月份为最低。高产量的范围为140~160°E、0°~5°S;CPUE高值区分布在130°E、0°~15°S,140°~160°E、0°~15°S和175°W、0°~15°S;产量经纬度重心分别为150°30′E和3°48′S。产量主要分布在海表温为28~31℃的海域,产量比重高达95.45%,其中29~30℃产量为最高,占69.54%。  相似文献   

7.
太平洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓渔获分布及渔场环境浅析   总被引:11,自引:6,他引:5  
樊伟  崔雪森  周甦芳 《海洋渔业》2004,26(4):261-265
本文主要根据收集到的渔获量数据、海水表层温度数据和有关文献资料 ,应用GIS技术对太平洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓渔业进行了定量或定性分析。结果表明 :太平洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓渔场主要分布在 2 0°N~2 0°S之间的热带海域 ,具纬向分布特征。对渔获产量同海表温度的分月统计显示 :太平洋大眼金枪鱼渔场最适月平均表层水温约 2 8~ 2 9℃ ,渔场出现频次为偏态分布型。最后 ,结合有关文献综合讨论分析了海表温度、溶解氧含量、海流等环境因子与金枪鱼渔场分布和形成机制的关系  相似文献   

8.
金枪鱼延绳钓环形钩和圆形钩钓获率比较   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据"华远渔18号"和"华远渔19号"两艘冰鲜金枪鱼延绳钓渔船2005年9月15日~12月12日在印度洋热带公海水域(0°47′~10°16′N,61°40′~70°40′E)作业期间收集的数据,以每千钩钓获尾数和平均净重,对环型钩与圆型钩对大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的选择性、钓获率差异等进行了比较研究。结果表明:不同钓具漂移速度下环型钩与圆型钩各自对大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的选择性无显著差异;不同钓具漂移速度下环型钩与圆型钩之间对大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的钓获率无显著差异;环型钩与圆型钩之间对大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼渔获物净重无显著差异。  相似文献   

9.
刘必林  陈新军 《海洋渔业》2004,26(4):326-330
根据 2 0 0 1年 2~ 8月我国鱿钓船在西南大西洋的生产数据 ,结合表温资料 ,按经纬度 1°× 1°的格式进行分析 ,利用MarineExplorer4 .0软件作图。结果表明 ,产量主要集中在 6 0°W、4 5°S附近的公海渔场 ,2~ 3月为产量高峰期 ;4~ 5月产量开始下降 ;6~ 8月产量急速下降。在福克兰群岛海域平均日产量较高。作业渔场的表温呈现出季节性变化 ,2~ 6月平均每月下降约 1.2℃。用K -S检验法对各表温值所累加的出现频度进行检验 ,结果表明表温与CPUE的差异性不大。  相似文献   

10.
智利外海渔场竹筴鱼资源分布特征   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
根据在智利 2 0 0海里专属经济区外海的渔场周年探捕调查 ,对智利竹鱼 (Trachurusmur phyi)单位努力量渔获量 (CPUE)的构成和季节变化及其资源分布特征进行了初步探讨。结果显示 ,竹鱼在智利外海分布广 ,30°~ 43°S ,78°~ 87°W海区均可形成拖网作业渔场。南半球冬季竹鱼密集分布区较偏南 (38°~43°S) ,8月密集分布区向北偏移至 35°~ 40°S,春季鱼群继续向北洄游至 30°~35°S ,并开始分散索饵 ,集群性较差 ,到翌年秋季再集群向南洄游 ,在 38°~ 43°S ,78°~ 85°W形成越冬场。CPUE以冬季最高 ,春、秋季次之 ,夏季最低。冬季以 6月份平均CPUE最高 ,达 1 5 .1 8t/h ,夏季以 3月份平均CPUE最低 ,仅 1 .1 2t/h。  相似文献   

11.
根据2007年12月~2008年3月采集的热带大西洋(05°37′~12°01′N、29°00′~36°51′W)金枪鱼延绳钓渔获物数据,分析了金枪鱼延绳钓兼捕鲨鱼的种类组成、渔获量、渔获率及其与表温的关系。本次调查共捕获鲨鱼8种,隶属3目7科7属,总渔获尾数为633 ind,总渔获量达26 837.4 kg,其中大青鲨为主要兼捕种类。各种鲨鱼渔获率平均值在0.003~1.524 ind/1 000 hooks之间,其中大青鲨最高,其值为1.524 ind/1 000 hooks,大眼砂锥齿鲨最低,其值为0.003 ind/1 000 hooks。各种鲨鱼渔获率月变化不明显(ANOVA,P=0.901)。鲨鱼总渔获率和大青鲨渔获率与表温都呈显著性负相关。大青鲨主要出现渔场的表温范围为24.6~25.8℃。  相似文献   

12.
中西太平洋金枪鱼围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔获时空分析   总被引:7,自引:4,他引:3  
沈建华  崔雪森 《海洋渔业》2006,28(2):129-135
中西太平洋的金枪鱼围网渔业目前的年产量约在1×106t左右,其中黄鳍金枪鱼占有很重要的地位。本文通过对围网捕获的黄鳍金枪鱼渔获数据进行时间序列以及空间位置变化等时空分析,试图找出其变化规律以及趋势。结果表明,20世纪70年代以来,随着渔船数的增加,中西太平洋围网捕获的黄鳍金枪鱼渔获量分布,从太平洋岛屿近海逐渐向太平洋热带中部海域扩展。渔获量经度重心随着中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业的发展有向东移动的趋势,70年代在128°E附近,到80年代在145°E左右,90年代在152°E左右,近年在155°E左右。而黄鳍金枪鱼渔获量纬度重心位于赤道区域,70年代在3°30′N附近,80年代在0°30′N左右,90年代在0°40′S左右,近年在1°20′S左右。经纬度5°×5°小区范围内10年内的最高总产量则从70年代的8×104t,增加到90年代超过20×104t。渔获量空间分布除了随着渔业发展向外海扩展以外,还受到被称为南方涛动的ENSO现象的明显影响,一般来说渔获量经度中心在厄尔尼诺年比较偏东,在拉尼娜年比较偏西,渔获量纬度重心在厄尔尼诺年或次年比较偏南,在拉尼娜次年比较偏北。此外,黄鳍金枪鱼渔获量经度重心在厄尔尼诺年变化比较大,渔获量纬度重心在厄尔尼诺年或次年变化比较大。  相似文献   

13.
To analyze the effects of mesoscale eddies, sea surface temperature (SST), and gear configuration on the catch of Atlantic bluefin (Thunnus thynnus), yellowfin (Thunnus albacares), and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the U.S. northwest Atlantic longline fishery, we constructed multivariate statistical models relating these variables to the catch of the four species in 62 121 longline hauls made between 1993 and 2005. During the same 13‐year period, 103 anticyclonic eddies and 269 cyclonic eddies were detected by our algorithm in the region 30–55°N, 30–80°W. Our results show that tuna and swordfish catches were associated with different eddy structures. Bluefin tuna catch was highest in anticyclonic eddies whereas yellowfin and bigeye tuna catches were highest in cyclonic eddies. Swordfish catch was found preferentially in regions outside of eddies. Our study confirms that the common practice of targeting tuna with day sets and swordfish with night sets is effective. In addition, bluefin tuna and swordfish catches responded to most of the variables we tested in the opposite directions. Bluefin tuna catch was negatively correlated with longitude and the number of light sticks used whereas swordfish catch was positively correlated with these two variables. We argue that overfishing of bluefin tuna can be alleviated and that swordfish can be targeted more efficiently by avoiding fishing in anticyclonic eddies and in near‐shore waters and using more light sticks and fishing at night in our study area, although further studies are needed to propose a solid oceanography‐based management plan for catch selection.  相似文献   

14.
中西太平洋金枪鱼围网鲣鱼渔获量时空分布分析   总被引:14,自引:6,他引:8  
中西太平洋的金枪鱼围网渔业目前的年产量约在100×104t左右,其中鲣鱼占有很重要的地位。本文通过对20世纪70年代以来围网捕获的鲣鱼渔获数据进行时间序列以及空间位置变化等时空分析,试图找出其变化规律以及趋势。结果表明,从20世纪70年代以来,随着渔船数的增加,中西太平洋的围网捕获的鲣鱼渔获量分布,从太平洋岛屿近海逐渐向太平洋热带中部海域扩展。渔获量经度重心随着中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业的发展有向东移动的趋势,70年代在128°E附近变化,80年代在144°E左右,90年代在153°E左右,近年在158°E左右变化。而鲣鱼渔获量纬度重心位于赤道区域,70年代在2°N附近,80年代在1°30′S左右,90年代在2°50′S左右,近年在2°55′S左右变化。经纬度5°×5°单个小区范围内10年内的最高总产量则从70年代的11×104t,增加到90年代超过了69×104t。渔获量空间分布除了随着渔业发展向外海向赤道以南扩展以外,还受南方涛动(ENSO)现象的明显影响,一般来说在相邻的数年中渔获量经度中心在厄尔尼诺年比较偏东,在拉尼娜年比较偏西。  相似文献   

15.
Catch per unit of effort (CPUE) needs to be standardized to remove the effects of factors such as fishing time and location, before it can be used as an index of abundance in fish stock assessments. One of the most substantial effects arises from a change of target species. This is particularly important for the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery, which has a long history of fishery data from two fleets that target various tuna species across three oceans. We review the development of the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery and compare five designs for standardizing the catch rate of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the western and central Pacific Ocean, using generalized linear models with lognormal and delta-lognormal error assumptions. Two approaches to address targeting effects were tested: separating fishing fleet data based on observer records, and including four target indicators calculated from catch data. Four statistical regions (relating to major fishing grounds) were treated as a single factor in the first three cases and were treated separately for the last two (one independent run for each region). The last case, which involved independent analyses for each fishing fleet for each region, and using the delta-lognormal approach, was considered to provide the most informative standardized CPUE trends for yellowfin tuna.  相似文献   

16.
In the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), a region of high fishing activity, olive ridley (Lepidochelis olivacea) and other sea turtles are accidentally caught in fishing nets with tuna and other animals. To date, the interaction between fishing activity, ocean conditions and sea turtle incidental catch in the ETP has been described and quantified, but the factors leading to the interaction of olive ridleys and fishing activity are not well understood. This information is essential for the development of future management strategies that avoid bycatch and incidental captures of sea turtles. We used Generalized additive models (GAM) to analyze the relationship between olive ridley incidental catch per unit effort (iCPUE) in the ETP purse‐seine fisheries and environmental conditions, geographic extent and fishing set type (associated with dolphins, floating objects or in free‐swimming tuna schools). Our results suggest that water temperature, set type and geographic location (latitude, longitude and distance to nesting beaches) are the most important predictor variables to describe the probability of a capture event, with the highest iCPUE observed in sets made over floating objects. With the environmental predictors used, sea surface temperatures (SST) of 26–30°C and chlorophyll‐a (chl‐a) concentrations <0.36 mg m?3 were associated with the highest probability of an incidental catch. Temporally, the highest probability of an incidental catch was observed in the second half of the year (June to December). Four regions were observed as high incidental catch hotspots: North and south of the equator between 0–10°N; 0–10°S and from 120 to 140°W; and along the Colombian coast and surrounding regions.  相似文献   

17.
Seventeen members and cooperating non-members (CCMs) of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) were responsible for 86% of the total catch of bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus by purse seine fishing from 2012 to 2014. We categorize the CCMs into an eastern, western and “other” group based on their main fishing areas. We found significant differences in the bigeye tuna catch per fish aggregating device (FAD) between the eastern group and the western group. We also estimated that the eastern group achieved a higher catch of bigeye tuna because of their increased fishing effort using FAD in the eastern area where there is a higher catch per unit effort for FAD. The regression analysis found significant correlations between the annual catch of bigeye tuna and the number of FAD sets. The average catch of bigeye tuna per single FAD set, estimated from the slope of the regression line, was 7.1 t in the eastern area and 2.7 t in the western area. An impact and risk plot composed of the slope of the regression line and the catch of bigeye tuna by each individual CCM was developed to improve management measures. Appropriate measures for the sustainable use of tuna resources in the region are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
为了解中东大西洋中部海域中上层鱼类资源结构与渔场分布,对2007-2014年入渔FAO34渔区3.11和1.32小区(毛里塔尼亚专属经济区)从事中上层鱼类捕捞的7艘国内渔船的生产数据进行了分析。结果表明,我国入渔船只数量、入渔渔船总产量和作业渔船平均日产量均呈现先增加、后减少的趋势,且在2011年入渔渔船总产量和作业渔船平均日产量到达最大值,2012年入渔船只数量到达最大值。渔获种类主要包括沙丁鱼(Sardina pilchardus)、短体小沙丁鱼(Sardinella maderensis)、金色小沙丁鱼(Sardinella aurita)、日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)和竹筴鱼(Trachurus trachurus),各渔获种类的渔获量年际间波动较为明显。月均产量在17.2~23.6 t/haul,最高值和最低值分别出现在12月和8月;月均总产量在1 279.0~2 414.2 t,最高值和最低值分别出现在1月和8月,12月至次年3月为渔汛旺期。渔场季节变化现象明显,夏秋季向北移动,冬春季向南移动,20.0°~20.8°N、17.4°~18.0°W区域为高产量海域。该海域中上层鱼类洄游现象明显,这可能主要与该海域的不同洋流在不同月份的强弱变化有关,该海域整体渔业资源呈现一定衰退现象。建议渔船入渔该海域从事中上层鱼类捕捞持谨慎态度,加强该海域渔业资源的研究与保护。  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT:   The recruitment abundance index of Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis was estimated from 1980 to 2003 fishing year by using the troll fishery data in Nagasaki Prefecture, western Japan. It has been shown that the troll fishery in Nagasaki Prefecture operates with good time–area coverage of the species habitat, and that the fishing power slightly changed during the period analyzed, based on fisheries statistics, published information, and interviews with the fishers. Average catch per unit effort (CPUEs) were standardized by a generalized linear model (GLM) considering the effects of fishing year, season and landing area. Standardized CPUE of age-0 bluefin tuna showed larger fluctuations year by year than the nominal CPUE combined for all ages. High CPUEs in fishing years of 1981, 1994, 1996 and 1999 were observed. Data from these years agreed with the higher recruitments estimated by virtual population analysis (VPA) or higher catch of age-0 fish reported for the Pacific side. The age-specific standardized CPUE of age-0 bluefin tuna in this study was judged to be a useful indicator of recruitment.  相似文献   

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