共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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为研究标准化水产养殖场的养殖生产对水环境的影响以及养殖场人工湿地对养殖废水的水质净化效果,以上海市松江区8个已建成的标准化水产养殖场为调查研究对象,对其养殖生产水源水与养殖池塘水、人工湿地进水口水与排水口水以及人工湿地排放水与养殖水源水的水质指标进行了检测和对比分析。研究结果:养殖水体经人工湿地处理后,pH值控制在7.50~8.26,亚硝酸盐氮、高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、活性磷酸盐的平均去除率分别为11.91%、4.51%、14.74%、21.09%。研究结果表明,标准化水产养殖场所配置的人工湿地对养殖废水具有一定的水质净化效果,标准化水产养殖场的养殖生产对水环境的影响不大,但人工湿地还需从结构设计和合理使用等方面加以改进和完善,以进一步提高其功能和效果。 相似文献
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为保护海域环境质量,减轻养殖产业的自身污染,在浙江省东海塘水产养殖基地的设计中,为505.1 hm2的海水养殖池塘配置了80.0 hm2的潮汐式人工湿地生物净化池和13.3 hm2的河道式颗粒物降解系统。模型试验表明,海水人工湿地净化的工艺流程基本合理,净化系统运行平稳,经过跌水曝气—微生物膜降解—沙蚕摄食—缢蛏、牡蛎滤食—江蓠、紫菜、龙须菜的组合吸收等过程,养殖废水的COD、PO43--P、TAN、TSS等4项主要污染指标的平均降解率分别为70.45%、65.98%、71.10%、91.37%,取得了较显著的效果,实现了海水养殖废水的净化、减排的目的。 相似文献
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凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘水体原位复合生态净化技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
氨氮和悬浮物质过高、溶解氧过低,以及频繁换水带来的外排废水的污染是在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)养殖时经常遇到的问题。针对上述问题提出了由扬水造流设备、生物挂膜填料、沉淀斜管等构成的原位复合生态净化技术,在凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘中开展中试研究。试验结果显示,该技术对水质改善较为明显,养殖凡纳滨对虾18 d后,与对照塘相比,试验塘水体中氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮平均相对去除率分别为41.2%、70.0%和66.4%,悬浮物质平均相对去除率为38.6%,溶解氧在傍晚18:00与凌晨4:00分别增加13.8%和39.0%。这表明原位复合生态净化技术能够有效提升凡纳滨对虾养殖水体水质。 相似文献
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采用逐月采样的方法研究了多级生物净化措施,即在封闭循环水养殖系统的动力水渠浮床培植多种水生经济植物、构建固定微生物膜和养殖贝类,在沉淀池和净化池放养滤食性鱼类,建立芦苇人工湿地,对养殖系统中无机营养盐和有机质含量与分布的影响。试验结果表明,养殖水体经多级生物净化处理后能够循环使用,水体碱度和硬度轻微降低,除磷酸盐含量上升5.4%外,硝态氮、亚硝态氮、氨氮、总氮和总磷的去除率分别为27.7%、44.0%、26.0%、42.0%和15.7%;浮游植物和浮游动物生物量分别下降31.4%和20.1%;浮游植物生物多样性指数增加,种类组成明显好转,蓝藻生物量和优势度指数明显降低,硅藻和绿藻继而成为优势种群,凡纳滨对虾平均产量达11 250kg/hm~2,最高产量达15 000kg/hm~2,提高了经济效益和生态效益。 相似文献
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在水泥池中悬挂毛刷丛,利用其附着的微生物藻类形成的生物膜净化养殖水体水质,进行奥尼罗非鱼(T.aureus♀×T.nilotica♂)养殖试验。试验从2011年5月6日开始,在4口露天水泥池中共投放全长2~3 cm奥尼罗非鱼苗2 400尾,经182 d的养殖,2口试验池共收获1 179尾,平均体重197g/尾,成活率98.25%,总产量232.25 kg;2口对照池共收获906尾,平均体重197.6 g/尾,成活率75.50%,总产量179.02 kg。试验结果表明,试验池能提高水体透明度、维持水温相对稳定和净化水质,实现不换水或少量换水的目的,达到健康养殖的功效。 相似文献
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罗氏沼虾育苗循环水处理技术与模式 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
将育苗用水经消毒及沉淀处理后作为试验基础用水,应用泡沫分离器、经预处理的生物滤器和紫外线消毒器等处理罗氏沼虾育苗循环水,使水质得到了有效控制。试验期间,对照池以大量换水及用药等传统方式维持水质,而试验池未曾用药和换水,较对照池节约水67.5%;试验池主要水质指标变化范围如下:NH3 Nm:0~0.010mg·L-1,NO2- N:0.01~0.63mg·L-1,pH:7.48~8.37,CODMn:5.42~12.25mg·L-1,细菌总数:(4.2~130)×103cell·mL-1,弧菌数:(0.2~20)×102cell·mL-1;试验组出苗率为40%,高出对照组33.3%。生产性育苗试验中,试验池与对照池均获得了30%的出苗率。据试验结果及罗氏沼虾育苗特点,提出了处理罗氏沼虾育苗循环水的技术与模式。 相似文献
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为了实现规模化人工养殖小丑鱼(Amphiprioninae),研发了小丑鱼室内循环水养殖设施和技术。1组循环水养殖系统由10个玻璃钢养殖桶和1个水处理玻璃缸及管道系统组成,采用物理过滤、生化过滤、藻板过滤进行循环水处理。1组循环水养殖系统每3个月可养殖产出全长约3.5 cm的商品小丑鱼5 000尾,养殖存活率达80%以上。从2014年至2015年,利用该设施养殖生产出商品小丑鱼10余万尾。和常规的食用海水鱼循环水养殖设施相比,小丑鱼室内循环水养殖系统主要减少了蛋白分离器、气浮机、微滤机等设备,增加了藻板过滤设施。研究表明,小丑鱼室内循环水养殖系统建造成本低、运行能耗低、管理维护简单、水质稳定,可基本实现全封闭循环水养殖,适合进行小丑鱼等海水珊瑚礁观赏鱼类的规模化养殖生产。 相似文献
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半滑舌鳎的循环水养殖模式及经济效益分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2009年3月至10月进行了半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossuss semilaevis Guanther)生产性养殖试验,期间对一套循环水养殖系统的水处理效果及半滑舌鳎养殖模式进行了深入的研究。养殖水体经系统处理后,养殖池内水温18~21℃,pH 7.0~8.0,DO≥6.6 mg/L,养殖池进水氨氮0.017~0.178 mg/L,亚硝酸氮0.012~0.064mg/L。文中详细阐述了放苗前养殖车间消毒、苗种选择与运输、生物滤池的培养、苗种投放、养殖过程中系统的日常维护、饵料投喂、光照控制、水质因子控制等内容,并对养殖半滑舌鳎8个月的经济效益进行了分析。以期为国内工厂化循环水养殖半滑舌鳎提供技术支持和经济效益分析方面的参考。 相似文献
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S. Kritsanapuntu N. Chaitanawisuti W. Santhaweesuk S. Y. Natsukari 《Aquaculture International》2006,14(6):587-594
Growth, survival and shell normality of hatchery reared juvenile Babylonia areolata were examined at four water exchange regimes of 0, 15, 30 and 60 day intervals in a recirculating seawater system over a 120 day experimental period. Higher body weight gains and shell length increments were observed in snails held at water exchange of 15 day intervals, especially when compared with those held at water exchange of 60 and 0 day intervals (P < 0.05). Water exchange affected the final survival of B. areolata. At the end of the experiment, final survival rates were 65.47 ± 0.66%, 87.48 ± 0.67%, 86.34 ± 0.92% and 78.50 ± 3.26% for snails held in the water exchange treatments of 0, 15, 30, and 60 day intervals, respectively, and those of shell abnormality were 97.65 ± 1.04%, 93.09 ± 2.34%, 97.08 ± 1.18% and 96.71 ± 1.84%, respectively. The present study concluded that water exchange regimes of the recirculating system influenced growth, survival, shell normality and water quality of the recirculating culture system for this species. 相似文献
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Photosynthetic suspended-growth systems in aquaculture 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Standardized evaluation and rating of biofilters for aquaculture should be assessed in the context of the economic efficiency of ecological services (waste assimilation, nutrient recycling, and internal food production) provided by earthen ponds, and the availability and cost of land, water, and electrical energy resources required to support particular classes of production systems. In photosynthetic suspended-growth systems, water quality control is achieved by a combination of natural and mechanical processes. Natural processes include photosynthesis of oxygen, algal nutrient uptake, coupled nitrification–denitrification, and organic matter oxidation; mechanical processes include aeration and water circulation. Ammonia is controlled by a combination of phytoplankton uptake, nitrification, and immobilization by bacteria. Unlike biofilters for recirculating aquaculture systems, unit processes are combined and are an integral part of the culture unit. The important design and operational considerations for photosynthetic suspended-growth systems include temperature effects, aeration and mixing, quantity and quality of loaded organic matter, and fish water quality tolerance limits. The principle advantages of photosynthetic suspended-growth systems are lower capital costs relative to other recirculating aquaculture systems and increased control over stock management relative to conventional static ponds. The main disadvantage is the relatively low degree of control over water quality and phytoplankton density, metabolism, and community composition relative to other recirculating aquaculture systems. Examples of photosynthetic suspended-growth systems include semi-intensive ponds, intensively aerated outdoor lined ponds, combined intensive–extensive ponds, partitioned aquaculture systems, greenwater tanks, greenwater tanks with solids removal, and greenwater recirculating aquaculture systems. 相似文献
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Ozone (O3) is a powerful oxidant and is becoming popular in various aquaculture systems for disinfection and improving water quality by oxidation of inorganic and/or organic compounds. However, the use of ozone in marine-based aquaculture systems has been limited because of the potential to form bromate, which is formed during the oxidation of naturally occurring bromide by ozone. Because bromate is a human carcinogen, there are concerns with its chronic impact on fish health. In addition, the use of O3 is hindered by lack of quantitative as well as qualitative design and performance information on O3 for recirculating systems. This study investigated the application of ozonation to control pathogens and enhance the process water quality in a recirculating aquaculture system while minimizing bromate formation. A field scale monitoring program was conducted on process water quality from Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) recirculating systems. Ozonated modules showed reduction of 15% total organic carbon (TOC) and less than 25 μg/l bromate concentration was formed. In addition, ozonated modules showed reduction in nitrate, color and suspended solids, as compared to those that did not use ozone. The results of this study elucidates the formation of bromate in marine water recirculation systems. 相似文献