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1.
黄鳝的营养素需要量及饲料最适能量蛋白比   总被引:32,自引:1,他引:31  
杨代勤 《水产学报》2000,24(3):259-262
用正交设计法L9(3^4)配制九种试验饲料,对黄鳝配合饲料中蛋白质、脂肪、总能、无机盐需要量及最适能量蛋白比进行了研究,结果表明,影响黄鳝生长的主要因素是蛋白质和总能,黄鳝最佳生长所需饲料中蛋白质含量为35.7%,总能为11.50 ̄12.50kJ.g^-1饲料,脂肪含量3% ̄4%,无机盐含量3%,总糖24% ̄33%。黄鳝饲料的最适能量蛋白比(E/P=kJ.g^-1)为31.6 ̄38.9。  相似文献   

2.
水产饲料稳定性是指饲料在水中浸泡一定时间后,保持成分不被溶解和不散失的性能。一般以一定时间内饲料在水中的散失量与饲料质量之比的百分数表示,也可用饲料在水中不溃散的最长时间表示。饲料在浸泡过程中的溶失会造成饲料的浪费、水体的污染、消化吸收的障碍和饲料系数的提高。本文就如何提高饲料在水中的稳定性作一探讨。  相似文献   

3.
<正>饲料耐水性又称饲料水中稳定性,是指饲料在水中浸泡一定时间后、其成分不被溶解和散失的性能。饲料耐水性一般以一定时间内饲料在水中的溶失量与饲料质量之比的百分数表示,也可用饲料在水中不溃散的最长时间表示。如果饲料耐水性差,则会造成饲料的浪费、饲料系数提高,并且会对养殖水体造成污染,最终影响养殖户的经济收益。影响饲料耐水性的因素,主要包括以下几点。  相似文献   

4.
耐高温酶制剂对草鱼生长的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
邓岳松 《内陆水产》2005,30(6):45-46
目前.草鱼的主粮为配合饲料,而配合饲料的各种主原料如棉粕、豆粕、鱼粉、米糠等都为熟干品,这些原料在熟态下所含的酶类几乎都被破坏,草鱼摄食此种饵料增加了其消化吸收的难度,造成营养不良,生长缓慢.在此情况下只增加营养成分于饲料中,也发挥不出应有的作用。另外,饲料中添加的酶类在饲料加工过程中因温度过高容易失活(一般酶制剂在80℃左右会失去活性)。耐高温酶是一种由蛋白酶,淀粉酶,纤维素酶等组成的复合酶(由广州市博仕奥生化技术研究有限公司提供),经特殊处理后在饲料加工过程中其不易被失活.从而有助于鱼的消化吸收,促进生长。  相似文献   

5.
研究了在饲料中添加稀土壳聚糖螯合盐(RECC)对水产颗粒饲料性能的影响。根据鲫(Carassiusauratus)鱼苗的营养需求配制4种类型的RECC试验日粮,即1号饲料(0.00%)、2号饲料(0.08%)、3号饲料(0.16%)和4号饲料(024%)。测定4种饲料的粉化率和溶失率。结果显示,添加稀土壳聚糖螯合盐后可以降低饲料的 粉化率,饲料中添加0.16%的稀土壳聚糖螯合盐效果尤其明显(P<0.01);在饲料中添加RECC可以显著降低饲料的溶失率(P<0.05),并可以提高和改善水产颗粒饲料的性能。  相似文献   

6.
邓岳松 《内陆水产》2005,30(5):46-46
目前,池养鲤鱼的主粮为配合饲料,而配合饲料的各种主原料如棉粕、豆粕、鱼粉、米糠等都为熟干品.这些原料在熟态下所含的酶类几乎都被破坏,鲤鱼摄食此种饵料增加了其消化吸收的难度,造成营养不良.生长缓慢,在此情况下只增加营养成分于饲料中。也难以发挥应有的作用。另外,饲料中添加的酶类在饲料加工过程中因温度过高容易失活。  相似文献   

7.
新型高效水产饲料诱食剂——蚯蚓粉   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在水产饲料中添加有效、经济、实用的诱食剂可以提高淡水鱼和虾、蟹的摄食量,减少饲料在水中的溶失浪费,避免未采食或浪费的饲料导致的水质污染。而且还可以在配合饲料中增加便宜的、适口性差的饲料原料  相似文献   

8.
采取正交试验的方法,研究植酸酶和纤维素酶对配合饲料的酶解效果以及酶解的最适条件。结果表明:饲料经植酸酶酶解后,无机磷含量增加了6.1%~47.2%,平均增加了25.9%;植酸酶酶解的最适条件为:55℃,pH4.6,作用时间为80分钟。饲料经纤维素酶作用后,葡萄糖含量增加了36.7%-80.7%,平均增加了54.8%;在50℃,pH5.0,作用时间为80分钟时,纤维素酶的酶解效果最好。  相似文献   

9.
新型幼鱼饲料日本发明一种新型颗粒饲料,适用于鱼苗,幼鱼养殖。该饲料有下列特点:(1)颗粒大小在幼鱼的可食范围内;(2)饲料在水中漂浮30分钟以内不会沉降;(3)在水中不会崩坏,膨润;(4)饲料中的营养成分不会溶解到水中;(5)鱼类喜食;(6)饲料散市...  相似文献   

10.
在鱼用颗粒饲料和对虾颗粒饲料中如何添加药物制成药饵,又使药物的有效成份不溶失在水中,现介绍一个简便易行的方法:1.药物的添加量为1.5%(即10公斤饲料添加150克药)时,先将药物150克与药物粘合剂30克混合均匀后,加到1000mL(l公斤)清水中,边加边搅拌,搅匀后静置1  相似文献   

11.
温流水小水体鲟鱼养殖试验研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
利用温流水小水体养殖鲟鱼,初步试验结果表明:放养规格在每尾长10-12cm时,放养密度可达到80-90v/m^2;当放养规格每尾长为30-35cm时,放养密度以50-60v/m^2为宜;鲟鱼的日均增重量随着个体的增重而增加;饲料系数随着鱼体的增大而增大。  相似文献   

12.
王武 《水产学报》1981,5(4):351-360
由蓝绿色裸甲藻(Gymnodinium,sp.)形成的蓝绿色水华是无锡渔区高产鱼池典型水质之一。本文对该藻的形态特征、生态、池塘培育和控制以及对鱼类的影响进行了研究。蓝绿裸甲藻水华具喜温、喜光、喜有机氮肥,喜红褐色水色(生物因子),且对外界环境的变化十分敏感等生态特点。蓝绿裸甲藻水华池的理化条件较差,特别是藻体繁殖过度,极易恶化水质,造成鱼类泛池。采用增施有机氮肥、合理使用增氧机、加水等综合措施可促进和控制该藻的繁殖。经鱼类消化道镜检表明,蓝绿裸甲藻能被鲢、鳙鱼及鲤、鲫、罗非鱼鱼种大量摄食,并被鱼类消化。对无锡河埒渔业一队成鱼池三年统计,蓝绿裸甲藻水华池的鲢鳙鱼净产量比无水华池高33.4~37.5%。  相似文献   

13.
A fish feeding trial was conducted in a warm‐water recirculating system for 8 weeks to assess the nutritive value of processed mucuna seeds as a dietary protein replacement for fish meal in practical diets of tilapia. Diets 2–6 contained mucuna seeds processed as follows: raw, soaked in water, soaked in sodium bicarbonate solution (0.07%), soaked in ascorbic acid solution (0.1%) or soaked in water containing 3% of freeze‐dried moringa leaf powder, followed by autoclaving. The mucuna seed meals were then used to replace 25% of the total dietary protein in each diet. The performance of fish fed these diets was compared with fish fed a fish meal‐based control diet (diet 1), which contained 35% protein. All diets were prepared to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. Each treatment had three replicates, using seven fish per aquarium, with a mean initial body weight of 3.9 ± 0.06 g. Fish were fed five times about their maintenance level (3.0 g feed × body weight (kg)?0.8 day?1), and no mortality was observed during the experiment. The growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein productive value of fish fed diets 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were similar. However, with regard to energy retention and apparent net lipid utilization, the values observed in fish fed diet 1 were similar to those of fish fed diets 5 and 6, and diet 6, and significantly higher than other dietary groups. Fish fed diet 2 showed a significantly (P < 0.05) reduced growth performance, higher carcass moisture and ash contents, and lower levels of lipid and energy compared with all other dietary groups. Fish fed diet 2 had a significantly lower plasma cholesterol level compared with other diets. However, no significant variation of muscle cholesterol was found between the dietary groups. Even though the hepato‐somatic index of the fish fed diets 3, 4, 5 and 6 was significantly lower than diet 1, these values appeared to be significantly higher compared with fish fed diet 2. The present study indicates that the inclusion of mucuna seed meal (replacement of 25% of total dietary protein of feed) after soaking in any one of the tested solutions followed by autoclaving significantly improved the growth performance and feed utilization of tilapia compared with that of the raw seeds. Moreover, these values were similar to the performance obtained with the fish meal‐based control diet 1. This might be due to the relative reduction of anti‐nutrients, particularly the non‐protein amino acid 3, 4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine, and increased palatability and nutrient availability of processed beans.  相似文献   

14.
用韩国引进的发酵剂(无味无色液体)作配合饲料的添加剂,进行饲养罗非鱼效果试验。结果表明添加发酵剂的两个试验组比对照组分别增重36.6%和48.1%,饲料系数比对照组降低28%和33%,同时发酵剂对控制水质和防治鱼病也有一定效果。  相似文献   

15.
本文研究了腌制鱼的水分活度(Aw值)变化及其与其他有关参数的关系。以鲳鱼作为试验原料,用混合腌渍法对鱼品进行不同时间的腌制,然后观察鱼体中水分活度、盐分含量和水分含量的变化情况,并进一步探索这些参数之间相互的变化关系。实验结果表明,鱼体中水分活度和水分含量的降低,盐分的增加均在开始腌制至18小时时为最快;18小时后变化缓慢;34小时后基本趋向平衡。实验表明,水分活度,盐分含量与水分含量之间存在简单的线性关系,因此在腌制过程中,测定出水分和盐分含量就可以计算出水分活度Aw值,从而达到控制鱼品质量的目的。此方法在提高鱼品的保藏效果上具有一定的实用价值。  相似文献   

16.
饲料中脂肪的含量对团头鲂鱼种生长的影响   总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15  
本文报道了团头鲂鱼种在饲料中的蛋白质、糖、维生素和无机盐等保持适宜含量的条件下,不同脂肪含量对团头鲂鱼种生长影响的试验结果,试验所用的脂肪为新鲜的豆油。结果表明,团头鲂鱼种饲料中脂肪适宜含量为 2~5%,最适含量为3.6%左右。  相似文献   

17.
Hydrothermically processed Prosopis juliflora (PJ) seed meal as a supplementary diet for Labeo rohita is found to be rich in protein (330 g kg?1) having antinutritional factors in permissible limits and containing essential amino acids adequately except lysine, methionine and cysteine. Ten iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐energetic diets with crude, soaked and autoclaved seed meal at 20%, 35% and 50% replacement of fish meal were tested (D1–D9, respectively). The growth of fish (weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio) fed diet D4 (soaked seed meal at 20% replacement) was higher among the test diets, but lower than reference diet (RD). Diets with 50% seed meal resulted in lowering of growth, carcass composition, digestive enzyme activity and digestibility compared to test diets at 20% and 35% inclusion levels in the respective groups. Hydrothermically processed seed meal improved the growth compared to unprocessed one, though not up to RD level. This could be because of amino acid imbalance and presence of non‐starch polysaccharides in seed meal. Looking to the easy availability and its nutritional quality, processed PJ seed meal can be incorporated in carp diet at lower inclusion level.  相似文献   

18.
The apparent digestibility of both raw and treated (16 h soaked in water) deoiled salseed (Shorea robusta) meal by Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings was evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% levels of incorporation for each, using fish meal based feed as the reference diet. The tannin content from salseed meal could be reduced from 3.4% (in raw salseed meal) to 1.1, 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7% by soaking in water at room temperature for 30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 16 h, respectively. The digestibility of dry matter, protein, lipid and ash declined with increasing levels of inclusion of raw and soaked salseed meal. The diets containing soaked salseed meal resulted in better digestibility of nutrients at all levels of inclusion as compared to those obtained with diets that incorporate raw salseed meal. The results indicate that deoiled salseed meal can be incorporated upto a level of 30% in processed (16 h soaking in water) condition by reducing tannin.  相似文献   

19.
根据2000年10月6~12日对乌苏里江虎头至饶河江段进行监测的结果,分析该水域水化学状况及生态环境得出:该江段水环境状况较好,溶解氧、pH值及营养盐类适中。但水质已有变差的趋势,Cd含量超过渔业水质标准。  相似文献   

20.
将贻贝棘尾虫衰老无性系(分裂2000代以上)随机分成两组:一组在经H型强场磁化杯磁处理的无机液中培养;另一组做为对照组,在不经磁处理的无机培养液中培养。在喂食、温度等其他条件一致的情况下培养三个月,分别测定两组消除·OH自由基、O2-自由基能力、脂质过氧化程度及脂褐素含量。结果表明,经磁处理的贻贝棘尾虫衰老无性系,其消除·OH自由基、O2-自由基能力(P<0.01)显著高于对照组,脂质过氧化程度(P<0.05)、脂褐素含量(P<0.01)显著低于对照组。根据Harmann(1956)的衰老自由基学说,本文从增强抗氧化能力的角度上证实了磁处理水在保持细胞活力和延缓细胞衰老方面的作用。  相似文献   

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