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分析了 S195柴油机原排气消声器存在的问题。经过反复试验研究,采用提高消声效果的新结构,设计出新型消声器并安装在手扶拖拉机上,进行了环境噪声和耳旁噪声的测试. 相似文献
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S195柴油机排气消声器简化设计和试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
曹明让 《拖拉机与农用运输车》1999,(3):30-34
详细介绍了S195柴油机穿孔管式排气消声器的设计、试验。在大量试验的基础上,研究了二级扩张空容积、一级和二级穿孔管结构的变化对消声效果和功率损失的影响,并优选了消声器最佳结构。从而使设计的排气消声笑消声量大且功率损失小,能够满足对内燃机噪声日益严格的要求。 相似文献
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拖拉机的排气噪声在整机噪声中占重要地位,而排气噪声中的主要成分是低频噪声,因而设计一种可以有效降低拖拉机低频噪声的新型消声器至关重要。为此,基于气流反相对冲原理,设计了可以实现拖拉机尾气对冲的消声结构,利用Fluent软件进行对冲结构中气流运动情况的分析,对其消声性能进行初步评估,并提出相应的改进措施,从而确定最优设计方案。结果显示:优化后的对冲消声器对拖拉机的低频段噪声的消声性能效果明显,而且排气背压相比传统的消声器要小,具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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针对排气噪声的频率特性,介绍了消声器的评价指标、分类和消声原理,给出了如何设计高性能消声器的方法步骤及计算公式。 相似文献
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安装消声器是降低拖拉机排气噪声的有效手段之一。而目前小型拖拉机使用的消声器大都是60年代前设计的产品,其消声性能差、排气阻力大(即拖拉机的功率损失严重)。为此,本文提出一种新型原理的消声器。一、排气系统的气流噪声特性和压力损失特性据资料,排气系统的气流噪声和压力损失具有如下特性:1.气流噪声特性柴油机排气系统的气流噪声大致可分为:由高速排气流撞击消声器内壁产生的气流噪声和在出口处高速排气冲向大气时扩散而产生的射流噪声。这两种气流噪声的大小都与排气流速有很大关系,即气流噪声和射流噪声分别与排气流速的6… 相似文献
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研究了拖拉机排气消声器的一种优化设计方法及其应用。计算结果和试验结果吻合良好,表明利用该设计方法得到的消声器具有较好的消声性能,能大大缩短拖拉机排气消声器的研制周期。 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性,认为在缺水不可避免的情况下,对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失,产生较好的减灾效益,特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性,提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献