Feasibility of fish culture under the circumstances of growing the rice on the natural water

We studied the feasibility of a new production mode incorporating rice cultivation with fish culture in 1991.     

Success of growing rice on the desert

Technology of growing rice on the desert was successfully achieved at Naman Scientific Experiment Station of Lanzhou Desert Res Inst, Acad Sinica, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province. Polyester film was used under the     

Calcium effect on the process of cold-hardening of rice seedlings

Low temperature is an important environmen-tal factor that limits the productivity and dis-tribution of plant. The ability to cold acclima-tion is a common adaptive response in plantsnative in temperate regions and results in en-hancing tolerance to chilling stress. In presentstudy the seedlings of Tesanai 2 were grown at28±1℃ and under a photo flux density (PFD)of 30μmol/m~2s for 8 d. The cold acclimationresponse is triggered by 14℃ under a PFD of75 μmol/m~2s for 3 d. Rice seedlings for cold-hardening were germinated from seeds treatedwith or without immersion in 30 mmol/L ofCaCl_2 solution. Change of membrane systemprotection in leaves at various periods(viz:fol-lowing cold-hardening, chilling stress and onthe 3rd day of recovery), the ratio of survival     

Study on the structures of papilla of lemma in Oryza

Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｐａｐｉｌｌａｏｆｌｅｍｍａａｍｏｎｇ２３Ｏｒｙｚａｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｗｅｒｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄａｎｄｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｅｄｉｎｔｏ６ｋｉｎｄｓｂｙｓｃａｎｎｉｎｇｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ．Ｔｈｅｌｅｍｍａｓｕｒｆａｃｅｗａｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄｏｆｐａｐｉｌｌａｐｅｄｅｓｔａｌｓｗｉｔｈｍｕｌｔｉ＿ｒｏｗｌｏｎｇｉｔｕｄｉｎａｌｏｒｄｅｒｅｄａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｔｈｅｐａｐｉｌｌａｗａｓｉｎｓｅｒｔｅｄｉｎｔｏｐｅｄｅｓｔａｌ．Ｔｈｅｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇ…     

Effects of proline on the seed-setting rate of hybrid rice

The seed-setting rate of hybrid rice is generally lower than that of conventional varieties,One of the factors explained this Dhenomenon is the proline concentration in anthers.     

Preliminary studies on radiant spectrum of the leaves of the paddy and upland rice

To study the property of the radiant spectrum(RS),i.e.absorption,reflectance and trans-mission ratio.Four upland rice varieties i.e.Haogelao,Hongkuo—laoshuya,Chengjiang—ludao,and IRAT—109,and four paddy ricevarieties Xifeng,Akihikari,Zhongbai 4,andYuefu were sown at Beijing on dry land in themiddle May,1992 and 1993.The plants weretreated with drought stress during seedling,booting,heading and flowering stages.It wasrainy season or intermittent irrigation duringother period.The RS and the chlorophyll con-tent of the third leave of seedlings and that offlag leave at heading—flowering period weremeasured with UV—190 model spectrometer.The results are shown in Fig 1 and Fig 2.There were little difference of RS in 800-200 mn and chlorophyll content between theleaves of paddy and upland rice during seedlingstage (Fig 1).However,remarkable differ-     

Study on the incorporation of standing whole straw into the soil

The physical and chemical properties of the incorporation of whole and chopped straw into the soil and the rice yield of the first year in Northeast China are investigated in this study. Since the incorporated straw would become decayed in 2nd and 3rd year and cause favorable effect on rice growing, only the first year yield is evaluated.     

Effect of LaCl_3 on the chilling tolerance of rice seedlings

The rice variety Tesanai 2 is susceptible tochilling. Exposure of the seedlings grown at 28±1℃ and under a photo flux density(PFD) of30μmol/m~2s to 1℃ and under a PFD of 150μmol/m~2s for 2 d caused a physiological disor-der called chilling injury which reduced the sur-vival rate to 50%. The experimental results in-dicated that the activity of scavenge oxygen     

Preliminary study on the molecular mechanism of photoinhibition of rice photosynthesis

Photoinhibition occurs when crops grow under strong light and are simultaneously subjected to stresses such as high or low temperature, drought,etc. It causes a decrease of crop photosynthetic efficiency leading to an obvious decrease of the yield.     

Feasibility study of rice culture on the natural waters

Rice Culture on the natural waters was first propounded in 1988 by Prof Xu Guanren, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The preliminary study with emphasis on searching for materials and designing structures of the floating field and the fertilizer composition suitable for such new culture system was implemented at CNRRI in 1989.     

Additional Evidence of the Trypanocidal Action of (?)-Elatol on Amastigote Forms through the Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Chagas’ disease, a vector-transmitted infectious disease, is caused by the protozoa parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Drugs that are currently available for the treatment of this disease are unsatisfactory, making the search for new chemotherapeutic agents a priority. We recently described the trypanocidal action of (−)-elatol, extracted from the macroalga Laurencia dendroidea. However, nothing has been described about the mechanism of action of this compound on amastigotes that are involved in the chronic phase of Chagas’ disease. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of (−)-elatol on the formation of superoxide anions (O₂^•−), DNA fragmentation, and autophagy in amastigotes of T. cruzi to elucidate the possible mechanism of the trypanocidal action of (−)-elatol. Treatment of the amastigotes with (−)-elatol increased the formation of O₂^•− at all concentrations of (−)-elatol assayed compared with untreated parasites. Increased fluorescence was observed in parasites treated with (−)-elatol, indicating DNA fragmentation and the formation of autophagic compartments. The results suggest that the trypanocidal action of (−)-elatol might involve the induction of the autophagic and apoptotic death pathways triggered by an imbalance of the parasite’s redox metabolism.     

The effect of 35℃ on the amino acid requirement of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

The brown planthopper, N. lugens, is not able to develop well at 35℃. Previous investigation showed that 35℃-treated N. lugens harbored fewer symbionts than untreated ones, and it was suggested that symbiont played an important role in nutritional metabolism. Nevertheless.     

Effect of Rice Volatiles on the Orientation Behavior of the Striped Stem Borer,Chilo suppressalis Larvae

The orientation behavior of the 1st and the 3rd instar larvae of the striped stem borer (SSB), Chilo suppessalis, to the volatiles emitted from rice plants was studied with a Y-tube olfactometer. The treatments included healthy plants vs clean air (HP vs CA), striped stem borer damaged plants vs clean air (SSB-DP vs CA), rice leaf folder damaged plants vs clean air (RLF-DP vs CA), HP vs SSB-DP, HP vs RLF-DP and SSB-DP vs RLF-DP. Volatiles from all rice plants had significant attraction for both of the 1st and the 3rd instar larvae. The orientation selection of larvae to the volatiles from rice plants treated differentially (HP, SSB-DP, and RLF-DP) did not impose any significant influence.     

Studies on the inheritance of transgenic rice with bar gene

Bar gene driven under the control of CaMV 35s promotor was delivered into the immature embroys of a japonica rice cultivar Jingying 119 through biolistic approach. Two putative transgenic plants were produced, which ex-pressed Basra-resistance. One of the Basra-re-sistance transgenic rices was completely sterile(JY 119-3), the other was self-fertile (JY119-4).     

Virulence of the Populations of the Whitebacked Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera Reared on Different Resistant Rice Varieties

ARC and ND colony were obtained by rearing the whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera(Horvath), exclusively on ARC10239 (ARC, carrying resistance gene Wbph2) and N‘Diang Marie (ND, carrying resistance gene WbphS) till 15 generations. Taichung Native 1 (TN1) and Rathu Heenati (RHT) served as susceptible and resistant check, respectively. The results of electronic recording revealed that duration of salivation and X-waveform of the two colonies on their corresponding hosts was short while the duration of phloem ingestion was long. The amount of honeydew excreted by ARC and ND colony did not differ on their corresponding host varieties from TN1 and was much higher than that of RHT. The number of eggs laid on their host varieties and TN1 were significantly higher than that on RHT. No distinct change was observed for these two colonies in term of percentage of developed eggs. The nymph survival rate of ND colony on its selection host was 45.0%, significantly different from that on TN1(71.4%0) and RHT(21.0%), while that of ARCcolony was 68. 3%, not significantly different from that on TN1(77.5%), but much higher than that on RHT(22.6%).The nymphal development duration of these two colonies on the corresponding hosts was not different from that on TN1, but significantly shorter than that on RHT. In brief, these two colonies had almost adapted to their corresponding host varieties based on feeding and oviposition, but the nymphal survival rate of ND colony was still low.     

Effects of S3307 on the photosynthesis,the activity of SOD,and MDA content of rice flag leaf

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