茶多酚对家兔肾病的药效研究

研究了茶多酚对C BSA和Masugi肾炎模型及水负荷家兔的疗效。结果表明 :茶多酚高(30 6mg/kg)、中 (10 2mg/kg)、低 (34mg/kg)剂量都明显降低两种肾炎模型兔的尿蛋白、血清肌酐及尿素氮含量 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;降低C BSA肾炎兔的血清循环免疫复合物 (CIC)含量 (P <0 0 5) ;减轻肾小球肿胀、细胞增生、血栓形成及白细胞浸润 ,修复肾小球病理改变。茶多酚对水负荷兔有明显的利尿作用 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。茶多酚的上述效果强于对照 (地塞米松或氢氯噻嗪 ) ,并有明显的量效关系     

绿茶及其有效成分对肾性高血压大鼠左室肥厚抑制作用的研究

雄性Wistar大鼠160只,体重180—220g,随机分为5组,建立二肾-夹法大鼠肾性高血压左室肥厚模型：假手术组（SHAM）和手术组（2K1C）正常饮水;手术＋绿茶组（2K1C＋GT）饮用2％绿茶水;手术＋茶多酚组（2K1C＋TP）饮用0．1％茶多酚水;手术＋EGCG组（2K1C＋EGCG）饮用0．05％EGCG水,术后即给大鼠喂不同浓度的绿茶及其提取物,持续8周直至实验结束。结果显示,与假手术组比较,     

茶多酚浸泡大黄鱼片真空包装0℃贮藏期间品质变化特性

研究了经过0.2%茶多酚浸泡的大黄鱼片和对照组在0℃冷藏条件下20d内品质变化特性。定期分析了处理组和对照组大黄鱼片样品的微生物指标（菌落总数）和理化指标（pH、MDA、K、MetMb、Mb、Caspase-3）。结果表明,冷藏过程中茶多酚处理能够降低化学指标活性,抑制微生物的生长,保持和延长鱼片保质期。因此,在0℃真空包装冷藏保鲜过程中茶多酚处理能更长时间保持大黄鱼片的良好品质。     

茶多酚处理对冷藏养殖大黄鱼品质的影响

研究了经过0.2%茶多酚浸泡的养殖大黄鱼和对照组在4℃冷藏条件下25d内品质的变化。定期分析了处理组和对照组大黄鱼样品的感官特征、微生物指标（菌落总数）和化学指标（pH、TVB-N、K值）。结果表明,在冷藏过程中茶多酚处理能延长大黄鱼货架期7~8d,在货架期终点15d时,茶多酚处理组和对照组样品的细菌总数分别为10^6.12CFU/g和10^7.45CFU/g,pH值分别为6.78和6.84,TBA值分别为0.122mg/kg和0.168mg/kg,TVB-N分别为166.6mg/kg和318.7mg/kg,K值分别为27.10%和43.72%。可见,茶多酚在大黄鱼冷藏保鲜过程中能有效地抑制细菌繁殖,并减缓脂肪氧化,从而延长了大黄鱼的货架期。     

不同方法提取的鹧鸪茶多酚抗氧化及抑菌性比较

为筛选适合鹧鸪茶多酚的提取方法,在热水浸提法、有机溶剂浸提法和纤维素酶辅助浸提法提取鹧鸪茶多酚基础上,采用DPPH自由基法、ABTS自由基法、羟自由基法、超氧阴离子法和还原力法评价多酚提取物的抗氧化性;滤纸片扩散法和二倍稀释法测定多酚提取物的抑菌性。结果表明,热水浸提法、有机溶剂浸提法和纤维素酶辅助浸提法提取鹧鸪茶多酚的得率分别为(10.31±0.42)%、(9.79±0.38)%、(10.88±0.52)%;含量分别为(44.72±2.26)%、(39.54± 1.78)%、(47.07±2.52)%。3种方法浸提的多酚提取物均具有较强的抗氧化性,纤维素酶辅助提取的鹧鸪茶多酚（CFC）清除DPPH自由基能力最强,其半抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为(0.0034±0.0002)mg/mL;热水浸提的鹧鸪茶多酚（WFC）清除ABTS自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基能力最强,其IC₅₀值分别为(0.066±0.004)、(0.069±0.004)、(0.127± 0.009)mg/mL。3种方法浸提的多酚提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌均有较好抑制作用,其中WFC对4种细菌的抑制效果最好,抑菌圈直径依次为(12.34±1.01)、(12.16±0.95)、(2.12±0.15)、(6.12±0.36)mm,最小抑菌浓度（minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC）依次为3.13、3.13、12.50、6.25 mg/mL。综合考虑,鹧鸪茶多酚提取采用热水浸提法较为适宜。     

茶多酚与壳聚糖复合保鲜剂对黄金百香果和紫香百香果保鲜效果的影响

以紫香百香果和黄金百香果为试材,以0.8 μL/L 1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）、1%壳聚糖、1%茶多酚采用两两复配的方式对百香果进行保鲜处理后测定相关指标。结果显示,3种复合保鲜方法对2个百香果品种均有延长贮藏期的作用。紫香百香果在贮藏15 d时,1%茶多酚+1%壳聚糖复合处理（Z₃）的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、类黄酮含量和过氧化物酶（peroxidase, POD）活性均显著高于对照组和其他处理组（P<0.05）,其值分别为7.14%±0.09%、(2.13±0.009)mg/g、(0.814±0.013)OD₃₂₅/g和(2.05±0.202)U/g。黄金百香果在贮藏15 d时,1%茶多酚+1%壳聚糖复合处理（H₃）的Vc、可溶性蛋白、类黄酮含量和POD活性均显著高于对照组和其他处理组（P<0.05）,其值分别为(17.80±0.168)mg/100 g、(2.50±0.006)mg/g、(0.875±0.010)OD₃₂₅/g和(2.20±0.061)U/g。综上,1%茶多酚+1%壳聚糖复合处理对百香果的保鲜效果最为明显。     

绿茶改善慢性肾衰竭大鼠肾功能的实验研究

采用“单肾切除加腺嘌呤灌胃法”建立大鼠慢性肾衰竭模型。治疗组用绿茶液灌胃,对照组用尿毒清溶液灌胃。每周测24h尿蛋白定量1次,给药4周后处死大鼠,取血测血清肌酐（SCr）、尿素氮（BUN）、血钙、血磷、红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量。实验结果表明,绿茶能够显著改善大鼠整体状况、降低24h尿蛋白量、改善肾功能、缓解肾性贫血,说明绿茶对单侧肾切除后腺嘌呤性慢性衰竭大鼠的肾功能具有一定的改善作用。     

白茶对烟雾诱导的小鼠慢性阻塞性肺病的改善研究

60只ICR小鼠随机等分成正常对照组、模型组、寿眉组、白牡丹组、白毫银针组和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）组。通过烟熏法建立小鼠慢性阻塞性肺病（Chronic obstructive pulmonary,COPD）模型,3个等级的白茶水提物和EGCG通过灌胃给予药物,5周后处死,收集血浆、支气管肺泡灌洗液、肺组织和肝组织,测定肺组织病理学变化和各样品的生化指标,研究白茶对小鼠COPD的改善作用及机制。结果显示：（1）模型组肺组织出现大量炎性浸润与杯状细胞化生等病理损伤,白茶提取物和EGCG处理均能明显改善肺组织病理性损伤,白毫银针效果最佳;（2）模型组出现明显的氧化应激和炎症反应,丙二醛（MDA）、白介素-6（IL-6）与肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著下降,白茶提取物和EGCG处理均能显著降低MDA、IL-6与TNF-α水平并上调SOD活性;（3）模型组血浆一氧化氮（NO）水平和肺组织髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性显著升高,在支气管肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中NO水平降低,白茶提取物和EGCG组均能改善NO失调,降低MPO活性;（4）白茶提取物和EGCG均能上调COPD小鼠单磷酸腺苷依赖的蛋白激酶（AMPK）磷酸化水平的下降;上述处理过程中均未见白茶提取物和EGCG对小鼠的肝毒性。综上,白茶提取物能够通过抗氧化、抗炎和调节NO失常来明显改善香烟烟雾诱导的小鼠COPD。     

茶多酚对蛋鸡生产性能、脂类代谢及蛋品品质的影响

本研究进行了两次饲养试验。试验一选用225羽37周龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分为5个处理,在试验基础日粮中分别添加0%、0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%茶多酚（纯度40%）,试验期59天;试验二选用600羽51周龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分为4个处理,分别在试验基础日粮中添加0%、0.025%、0.055%、0.1%茶多酚（纯度40%）,试验为期8周。探讨了茶多酚对蛋鸡生产性能、脂类代谢、蛋品质量的影响。结果表明：（1）日粮中添加不同剂量茶多酚对蛋鸡产蛋率和饲料利用率有一定的改善,但未见随茶多酚添加水平的升高而提高的趋势。（2）日粮中添加0.1%茶多酚可提高蛋黄中V_E58.99%、V_A20.96%,添加0.025%茶多酚降低蛋黄中胆固醇35.28%,茶多酚对全蛋中含硫氨基酸有增高趋势,重金属指标符合无公害鸡蛋要求;产蛋后期日粮中添加0.025%~0.1%茶多酚可降低破软蛋率31.59%~47.09%。（3）日粮中添加0.4%茶多酚分别降低46周龄蛋鸡血清总胆固醇19.65%、甘油三酯19.99%、低密度脂蛋白7.69%,提高高密度脂蛋白45.35%;但添加0.025%~0.1%茶多酚对59周龄蛋鸡血脂指标未见显著影响。     

中西医结合治疗尿路结石临床观察

目的:观察中西医结合治疗尿路结石的疗效。方法:200例患者随机分为两组。治疗组100例,对照组100例。治疗组服中药排石汤和静点抗生素、解痉止痛药物。对照组口服结石通片,两组均10天为1疗程。结果:两组比较有明显的差异。治疗组排石率达80%,临床症状消失率达100%。对照组排石率达35%,症状消失率达45%。结论:中西医结合治疗尿路结石疗效确切。     

三七丹参片功能学实验研究

目的通过经口给予小鼠不同剂量三七丹参片实验,验证三七丹参片的增强免疫力功能,为临床使用提供依据。方法实验设低、中、高三个剂量组,分别相当于人体推荐摄入量的5、10、30倍,同时设阴性对照组(1%羧甲基纤维素钠),连续一个月经口给予小鼠不同剂量的受试物。结果与阴性对照组比较,三个剂量组小鼠血清溶血素抗体积数值均升高;中、高剂量组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬率、吞噬指数均升高;以上差异均具有显著性意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论三七丹参片具有增强免疫力功能。     

Comparison of topical triamcinolone and oral atorvastatin in treatment of paederus dermatitis Northern Iran

Dermatitis caused by stimulation of beetle paederus, is a common health problem in Northern and some southern parts of Iran. Since by now, traditional medicine and some corticosteroid agents have been used for treatment of dermatitis caused by beetle paederus. Because, there are few researches about classical treatment of the disease at academic level, this study planned to compare the effectiveness of triamcinolone ointment and atorvastatin tablet with placebo in treatment ofpaederus dermatitis in Northern Iran. A randomized double-blind clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients referred to the hospital and clinics at Sari and Neka countries in Northern Iran during 6 months. Patients were randomly divided into two therapeutic equal groups. The first group was triamcinolone ointment twice a day and a placebo atorvastatin tablet daily. The second group was oral atorvastatin one tablet (20 mg) daily and a placebo triamcinolone ointment twice a day. In Seventh day of visits, therapeutic response of the patients in triamcinolone and atorvastatin group were 93.33 and 80%, respectively. No significant differences were found in therapeutic outcome between the two groups (p > 0.05). The results showed both oftriamcinolone ointment and oral atorvastatin had similar effect on paederus dermatitis. Because the paederus dermatitis is a self-limited disease use of topical therapy for treatment of the disease is recommend.     

The Effects of Fibroblast Co-Culture and Activin A on in vitro Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate fibroblast co-culture and Activin A on in vitro maturation and fertilization of mouse preantral follicles. Methods: The ovaries from 12-14-day-old mice were dissected, and 120-150 μm preantral follicles were cultured individually in α-MEM as based medium for 12 days. A total number of 456 follicles were cultured in four conditions: (i) base medium as control group (n = 113), (ii) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A (n = 115), (iii) base medium co-cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblast (n = 113), and (iv) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A and co-cultured with fibroblast (n = 115). Rate of growth, survivability, antrum formation, ovulation, embryonic development and steroid production were evaluated. Analysis of Variance and Duncan test were applied for analyzing. Results: Both co-culture and co-culture + Activin A groups showed significant difference (P<0.05) in growth (on days 4, 6, and 8 of culture period) and survival rates. However, there was no significant difference in antrum formation, ovulation rate, and embryonic development of ovulated oocytes. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the estradiol production on days 8, 10, and 12 between co-culture + Activin A and the control group. Progesterone production also was significant (P<0.05) in co-culture + Activin A group on days 6, 8, 10, and 12 compared to control group. Conclusion: Fibroblast co-culture and Activin A promoted growth and survivability of preantral follicles. However, simultaneous use of them was more efficient. Key Words: Fibroblast, Activin A, Follicle     

Metformin as an adjunct to insulin for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes after CABG surgery: a randomized double blind clinical trial

Perioperative hyperglycemia is common in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery and there is a direct relation between postoperative hyperglycemia and mortality rate in these patients. The aim of the present study is to determine the efficacy of metformin on glycemic control in diabetic patients after CABG surgery. In a randomized double blind clinical trial, 100 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted in open heart ICU after CABG surgery in Mazandaran Heart Center were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups. Three hours after extubation, therapeutic antiglycemic regimens were applied in these two groups and continued for three days. Intervention group received regular insulin infusion along with two metformin 500 mg tablets per twelve hours while control group received regular insulin infusion with two placebo tablets per twelve hours. Blood glucose level and other parameters were measured and recorded in determined intervals. To analyze the data, independent T-test, paired T-test, Mann-Whitney and repeated measure ANOVA tests were employed. Mean blood glucose level was not significantly different in the two groups at the beginning of the ICU admission; however, mean glucose level in insulin-metformin group, twelve hours after the initiation of the study, was significantly lower than insulin group (p < 0.05). In addition, mean doses of potassium and insulin demand as well as mean number of episodes of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia and glucose levels out of the accepted range were significantly lower in insulin-metformin group (p < 0.05). Alterations in mean levels of lactate, BE, pH and creatinine were not statistically significant in these two groups. It seems that adding metformin to insulin leads to a better glycemic control in type two diabetic patients undergoing CABG surgery without causing metabolic acidosis. Therefore, it might be a potential option in blood glucose control protocol in this group of patients.     

The effect of hydro alcoholic nettle (Urtica dioica) extract on oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Diabetes type 2 is a metabolic disorder that characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia and impairment of oxidant/antioxidant balance, can increase oxidative stress and increase risk of cardiovascular disease. In the present study, Effects of hydro alcoholic extract of Nettle on oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes were evaluated. Fifty patients (27 men, 23 women) with type 2 diabetes patients were studied. They received 100 mg kg(-1) of nettle extract of body weight hydro alcoholic for 8 weeks. At the baseline and end of 8th weeks of intervention blood levels of oxidative stress markers were measured. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 18, p < 0.05 was considered significant for all variables. After 8 weeks, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Superoxidant Dismutase (SOD) showed a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The findings showed that the hydro alcoholic extract of nettle has increasing effects on TAC and SOD in patients with type 2 diabetes without no changes in Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione Peroxides (GPX) after eight weeks intervention.     

Effects of oral clonidine premedication on haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation: a clinical trial

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pre-anesthetic orally administration of clonidine on pulse rate and blood stress response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. In a double-blinded, randomized study, 274 ASA I and II subjects with age of 18 to 45 years scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled. They were randomly allocated to receive oral clonidine (0.2 mg) or placebo as premedication 90-120 min before surgery. All the patients received Succinylcholine (1.5 mg kg(-1)) after induction of anesthesia with Fentanyl (50 microg) and Thiopentone (5 mg kg(-1)). The anesthesia was maintained with halothane (1.5 Mac) in 50% mixture of N2O/O2. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure were recorded before, immediately after and then every 5 min after intubation until 20 min. The Clonidine group showed a significant superiority over placebo in the prevention of increase in systolic blood pressure as well as heart rate over the intubation. A significant difference was observed in both heart rate and systolic blood pressures were significantly higher in Control group at three subsequent measurements following intubation. The results of this study suggest that orally administered clonidine in preanesthetic period, provides more haemodynamic stability and attenuates the stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation.     

The effect of hydro alcoholic Nettle (Urtica dioica) extracts on insulin sensitivity and some inflammatory indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind control trial

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Inflammation is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In this study, hydro alcoholic extract of Nettle (Urtica dioica) on insulin sensitivity and some inflammatory indicators in type 2 diabetic patients were studied. A randomized double-blind clinical trial on 50 men and women with type 2 diabetes was done for 8 weeks. Patients were adjusted by age, sex and duration of diabetes, then randomly divided into two groups, an intervention and control group. They received, 100 mg kg-1nettle extract or placebo in three portions a day for 8 weeks. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), High Sensitive C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Fasting Insulin concentration were measured. Insulin Sensitivity was calculated, at the beginning and the end of the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18, p<0.05 was considered significant for all variables. After 8 weeks, IL-6 and hs-CRP showed a significant decrease in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The findings showed that the hydro alcoholic extract of nettle has decreasing effects on IL-6 and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes after eight weeks intervention.     

苏云金芽胞杆菌制剂及其与小卷蛾斯氏线虫对腰果重要害虫的作用效果

室内测定了苏云金芽胞杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt）对腰果重要害虫腰果细蛾(Acrocercops syngramma)和腰果云翅斑螟（Nephopteryx sp.）幼虫的作用效果。研究表明,在500或1000倍浓度下,Bt对低龄（1~3龄）腰果细蛾幼虫的致死作用较强,致死率为70%~100%,但对高龄（4龄和5龄）腰果细蛾幼虫致死作用较低（20.0%~52.5%）。Bt对腰果云翅斑螟3龄幼虫的致死作用相对较慢,在500倍浓度下作用120 h后致死率为75%。2000倍Bt与200 IJs/皿小卷蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema carpocapsae All对腰果云翅斑螟联合作用48 h后表现为增效作用,致死率达90%。     

大豆田应用杰效利助剂对农药效果的影响试验总结

在草害药剂中加入杰效利农药助剂防除豆田杂草,结果表明:18%耕田易乳油2.7L/hm2(正常用量)+杰效利助剂5mL、18%耕田易乳油(正常用量)和8%耕田易乳油(正常用量4/5)+杰效利助剂5mL,三个处理的综合株防效和产量均好于其他处理,防效分别为84.1%、81.9%和79.0%,较对照分别增产12.9%、12.1%和9.8%。由此可见杰效利助剂对提高农药防除杂草的效果是有一定作用的,但它的作用达不到使农药的剂量减少20%。     

Effect of four different vegetable oils (red palm olein, palm olein, corn oil, coconut oil) on antioxidant enzymes activity of rat liver

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of four different vegetable oils [red palm olein (RPO), palm olein (PO), corn oil (CO), coconut oil (COC)] on antioxidant enzymes activity of rat liver. Sixty six Sprague Dawley male rats which were randomly divided into eleven groups of 6 rats per group and were treated with 15% of RPO, PO, CO and COC for 4 and 8 weeks. Rats in the control group were given normal rat pellet only while in treated groups, 15% of additional different vegetable oils were given. After 4 weeks of treatment the catalase (CAT) activity results showed that there was no significance difference (p > or = 0.05) between the control group and treated groups while after 8 weeks of treatment showed that there was no significant different (p > or = 0.05) between control group and RPO group but the treated rat liver with PO, CO and COC groups were the lowest and it were significantly lower (> or = 0.05) than control group. For superoxide dismutase (SOD) there was no significance difference (p > or = 0.05) between the control group and treated groups of vegetable oils after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Thus the study indicated that there was no significant (p > or = 0.05) effect on antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase) but there was significant effect (p > or = 0.05) on catalase in rat liver.