高产、优质、多抗玉米新杂交种济单94-2选育及推广应用

济单94-2是河南省济源市农业科学研究所于1994年以自育系济533为母本，外引系选京02为父本组配而成的玉米单交种。该品种属中秆大穗中熟品种，1997～2001年在河南省、国家区域试验、生产试验中表现出高产、稳产、优质、多抗、适应性强等特点。一般产量在7500kg／hm^2以上，适宜在黄淮海夏玉米区和西北春玉米区种植。     

优质玉米杂交种太单32的选育

太单32是山西省农业科学院作物遗传所用自育系太961/海9-21为亲本育成的玉米单交种,2000年12月通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会认定.该品种属中晚熟品种,需≥10℃活动积温2 750℃·d.1997～1999年参加各类试验表现优质、高产、多抗,适宜春播中晚熟区高水肥地推广种植,密度45 000株/hm²2.制种时父母本行比1:4种植,母本播后7天播父本。     

粮饲兼用型玉米新品种济单8号的选育及推广应用

济单8号是济源市农业科学研究所1996年以自育系济522为母本,外引系昌7-2②为父本组配而成的玉米单交种。该品种属于中秆大穗型中熟品种,2000～2002年在河南省区域试验和生产试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗和适应性广等特点,一般产量在7500kg/hm2以上。适宜河南省各地区种植。     

高产、优质、多抗玉米新品种豫玉31的选育与示范推广

豫玉31(漯单97-1)是河南省漯河农科所用自选系漯12作母本,外引系丹340作父本育成的竖叶大穗中早熟玉米单交种.该品种夏播生育期96d.1997～1998年河南省夏玉米区域试验平均单产7695.0kg/hm²,比对照种豫玉12增产13.5%.两年20点次试验证明,该品种表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗、适应性广、增产潜力大,适宜在黄淮海夏玉米区套种或直播种植.种植密度45000～60000株/hm².制种时父母本同期播种或父本浸种后与母本同期播种,行比1:5～6。     

早熟春玉米杂交种龙单20的选育及应用

龙单20(黑334)是黑龙江省农科院玉米研究中心以自交系HR25为母本,龙抗11为父本杂交育成的玉米单交种.该品种属早熟春玉米品种.1996～2002年在各级各类试验及生产中表现出高产、优质、抗病和适应性好等特点,产量在8 500～9 000k/hm2,适宜在早熟春玉米区种植,种植密度以5万株/hm²为宜。     

玉米杂交种丹玉26选育技术报告

丹玉26(丹2100)是丹东农业科学院以自选系丹9046为母本,丹598为父本组配而成的玉米杂交种.该品种属晚熟品种,需≥10℃积温3 100℃·d左右.1995～1999年在各级各类区域试验中表现高产、稳产、抗病、抗倒、耐旱、适应性强.一般单产9 750 kg/hm²以上,比各地主栽品种增产8%以上.适宜在吉林南部、辽宁大部及华北春玉米区种植.种植密度以每公顷43 500株为宜,比空和清种均可     

河南省玉米生产现状、问题与对策

对2000～2007年河南省玉米生产现状进行分析,玉米单产、总产和种植面积都呈逐年上升态势。推广面积在0.667万hm²以上品种保持在20～30个,6.67万hm²以上品种3～7个。自育品种所占比例逐年升高,推广面积占全省比例越来越大,2007年达77.6％,平均每年增幅14.68万²。耐密型品种呈持续上升趋势,稀植大穗型品种则呈不断下降的趋势。种质集中在改良Reid、塘四平头和PB系统,占87%。对河南省玉米单产、总产和增产潜力做了分析,并提出了玉米生产中存在的问题与对策。     

玉米自交系Y75及其陕单16的选育研究

陕单16优质高产玉米新品种是由西北农林科技大学农学院专用玉米研究室,于1995年用自选系Y75为母本,自交系K12为父本杂交育成.1999～2001年参加陕西省玉米区试和生产试验,表现出营养品质及外观品种优、综合抗性好、丰产潜力大、熟期中等、持绿期长、保绿度好、产草量高、可粮饲兼用或带穗青贮等特点.适宜在陕西春播、早夏播及同类生态区推广种植.到2002年底陕单16累计推广面积1万hm²。     

早熟、高产玉米新品种新玉9号的选育与推广

新玉9号是新疆农垦科学院作物所1989年育成,1998年审定的早熟玉米新品种,需≥10℃的活动积温2 400℃* d左右.该品种为南疆复播玉米适宜品种和目前北疆非传统套种最佳玉米品种.至2001年累计推广种植近10万hm²。     

早熟春玉米新品种龙单13的选育及利用

早熟春玉米新品种龙单13由黑龙江省农科院玉米研究中心抗病育种室选用半马齿型改良自交系K10为母本,以自育二环系龙抗11为父本杂交育成,1994年春经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定推广。该品种生育日数112～115d(哈尔滨),需≥10℃积温2320℃*d,具有产量水平高、抗病抗逆性强,子粒商品品质好,适应性广的特点。适宜黑龙江省第三积温带和第二积温带下限以及吉林山区、半山区、内蒙古东北部旗(县)、河北部分市(县)等早熟春玉米区种植。到1999年龙单13累积推广面积已达173.82万hm²,已成为北方早熟春玉米区主栽品种之一。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.