高产抗病强适应性红麻新品种福红15号的选育

福红15号系福建农林大学以福红2号与福红952为亲本,采用混合系谱法和穿梭育种法相结合的育种新技术,于2002年育成的红麻优良新品种。2003—2004年通过了福建省红麻新品种联合区试鉴定,平均原麻产量为7295kg／hm^2,比对照粤743增产18．1％,而且抗病性及品种稳定性在各参试品种中表现最好。福红15号在生产性示范中表现丰产性高、抗逆性强、稳定性好、适应性广,是综合性状优良的红麻新品种。     

中晚熟红麻新品种福红4号的选育

福红4号是福建农林大学以湘红1号与粤红1号杂交,采用混合系谱法与穿梭育种相结合的育种新技术,于1990年育成的高产抗病红麻新品种.在福建省红麻新品种联合区域试验中,其原麻平均产量5.328t/hm2,比对照种粤743增产13.17%,差异达显著水平.且在丰产性、适应性和炭疽病抗性等方面也优于对照,是一个高产抗病红麻新品种.     

高产抗病强适应性红麻新品种福红3号的选育

福红3号系福建农业大学1982年以非洲裂叶与722杂交,采用混合系谱法和穿梭育种法相结合的育种新技术,于1990年育成的红麻优良新品种,1991～1992年通过了福建省红麻区试鉴定,平均比对照粤743增产16.12%;1991～1994年福红3号在全国多年多点对比试验鉴定,分别比青皮3号增产20.6%,比粤743增产15.6%.其表现丰产性高、稳定性好、适应性广,并且纤维品质及抗病性也明显优于对照种.     

红麻系列新品种在福安的丰产性与栽培特性研究

本研究对引进的12份红麻新品种在福建福安进行多年多点丰产性对比试验鉴定和生产性对比示范,并分别以粤743,青皮3号为对照,结果表明,福红951、福红952、福红14号、福红11号、福红15号、金光无刺2号等 6个品种,原麻产量比对照粤 743增高14.4%-27%,其中福红3号、福红952、福红14号、福红15号比对照粤 743增产20%以上;干茎产量比对照粤743增产9.15%-26%,其中福红3号、福红951、福红952、福红14号、福红15号比对照粤743增产16%以上.上述这几个品种是麻纺与造纸兼用的红麻优良品种.栽培特性研究表明,在福建福安以4月下旬播种比较有利于一播全苗,4月底至 5月底为苗期,日平均生长量为1.8cm;6月初至7月中旬为红麻旺长期,日平均增长量达4.75cm,7月中旬-9月中旬为稳长期,日平均生长量为2cm.在栽培上宜在5月底重施旺长肥,7月中旬后酌施稳长肥,以满足高产群体对肥料的需求.     

高产抗病强适应性红麻新品种福红3号的选育

福红3号系福建农业大学1982年以非洲裂叶与722杂交，采用混合系谱法和穿梭育种法相结合的育种新技术，于1990年育成的红麻优良新品种，1991～1992年通过了福建省红麻区试鉴定，平均比对照粤743增产16．12％；1991～1994年福红3号在全国多年多点对比试验鉴定，分别比青皮3号增产20．6％，比粤743增产15．6％。其表现丰产性高、稳定性好、适应性广，并且纤维品质及抗病性也明显优于对照种。     

优质、高产红麻新品种福红991的选育

福红991是1985年以"7380"与莱阳红麻杂交,应用配合力育种理论和混合系谱法与穿梭育种法相结合的聚合育种新技术,于1997年育成的红麻优良新品种.1999-2000年,福红991参加国家红麻新品种联合区域试验,纤维产量比对照红引135增产11.59%,差异达极显著水平.经测试福红991纤维强力比对照红引135提高12.8%,表现出丰产性好、纤维品质优良、适应性广、抗红麻炭疽病等特点.具有较好的推广应用前景.     

红麻系列新品种在福安的丰产性与栽培特性研究

本研究对引进的12份红麻新品种在福建福安进行多年多点丰产性对比试验鉴定和生产性对比示范，并分别以粤743，青皮3号为对照，结果表明，福红951、福红952、福红14号、福红11号、福红15号、金光无刺2号等6个品种，原麻产量比对照粤743增高14．4％-27％，其中福红3号、福红952、福红14号、福红15号比对照粤743增产20％以上；干茎产量比对照粤743增产9．15％-26％，其中福红3号、福红951、福红952、福红14号、福红15号比对照粤743增产16％以上。上述这几个品种是麻纺与造纸兼用的红麻优良品种。栽培特性研究表明，在福建福安以4月下旬播种比较有利于一播全苗，4月底至5月底为苗期，日平均生长量为1．8cm；6月初至7月中旬为红麻旺长期，日平均增长量达4．75cm，7月中旬-9月中旬为稳长期，日平均生长量为2cm。在栽培上宜在5月底重施旺长肥，7月中旬后酌施稳长肥，以满足高产群体对肥料的需求。     

中晚熟红麻新品种福红4号的选育

福红4号是福建农林大学以湘红1号与粤红1号杂交，采用混合系谱法与穿梭育种相结合的育种新技术，于1990年育成的高产抗病红麻新品种。在福建省红麻新品种联合区域试验中，其原麻平均产量5．328t／hm^2，比对照种粤743增产13．17％，差异达显著水平。且在丰产性、适应性和炭疽病抗性等方面也优于对照，是一个高产抗病红麻新品种。     

双高产优质抗病红麻新品种福红9913的选育

福红9913是福建农林大学1997年以福红951与福红952杂交,应用配合力育种理论用混合系谱法与穿梭育种法相结合的高效聚合育种新技术,2003年育成的双高产优质抗病红麻新品系。该品种2004-2006年参加国家红麻新品种联合区试试验鉴定,平均每公顷原麻产量3867.38千克,比对照中红麻10号增产5.86%,种子产量增产29.4%,纤维强力比对照提高9.4%。该品种主要优点是纤维和种子产量双高,纤维品质优良、高抗红麻炭疽病,综合性状优良,适应性广,具有较好的推广应用价值。     

福建省2003-2004年红麻新品种(系)区试试验总结

2003-2004年福建省红麻新品种联合区试试验,由福建农林大学和福建省农科院提供的参试红麻新品种8个,以粤743和红引135为对照,在福建省5县市设点鉴定,对参试各品种的原麻产量进行方差和差异显著性分析,采用Finlay的品种稳定性分析方法对各参试品种进行丰产稳产性估算,结果表明供试中福红992产量居区试首位,平均每公顷原麻产量达7778kg,比对照粤743增产25.7%;其次为福红15号、福红14号、福红11号、福红13号平均每公顷原麻产量分别为7295kg、7283kg、7241kg和7189kg,分别比对照粤743增产17.9%、17.7%、17.0%、和16.2%,增产均达极显著水平;而金光2号和闽红964也比对照粤743增产9.6%和8.3%,也达极显著水平.各参试品种的主要农艺性状、品种稳定性、抗病性和品质也优于对照.     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。