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1.
于2016年早、晚季在湖南省浏阳市永安镇开展大田试验,对湖南常用米粉稻品种陆两优996、中嘉早17和中早39的产量形成特点和辐射利用率进行比较。结果表明,早季陆两优996的产量比中嘉早17和中早39高35.34%~46.18%,差异显著;晚季各品种的产量差异未达显著水平。早季陆两优996的每穗粒数、千粒重、成熟期干物质量、收获指数比其他2个品种分别高14.77%~29.41%、6.11%~13.20%、23.34%~34.78%、9.96%~10.65%;辐射截获量和辐射利用率比其他2个品种分别高7.29%~13.75%和14.86%~18.93%。  相似文献   

2.
洞庭湖区双季机直播稻品种筛选与搭配研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为筛选出适宜的早、晚稻连作机直播搭配品种,在洞庭湖区选用12个早稻品种、14个晚稻品种作试验材料,进行了双季机直播对比试验。结果表明,4月1日机直播早季各品种均能安全出苗,且能于7月15日前成熟,其中,中早39、陆两优996和株两优211的产量较高,分别达8.25 t/hm~2、7.75 t/hm~2和7.30 t/hm~2;晚季于7月19日机直播,大部分品种能在9月15日前齐穗,10月31日前成熟,以柒两优007、中早39和陆两优996产量较高,分别达7.23 t/hm~2、7.00 t/hm~2和6.94 t/hm~2。综上,早季中早39、陆两优996、株两优211,搭配晚季柒两优007、中早39、陆两优996是洞庭湖区双季机直播的适宜组合,早、晚季最佳安全机直播期分别为4月1日前和7月20日前。  相似文献   

3.
选用优质广亲和低温敏核不育系陆18S与强恢复系明恢63配组而成的陆两优63,是一个高产稳产,米质优良,抗逆性较强,适应性广,栽培经济效益高的两系杂交中晚稻新组合。2001年2月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。  相似文献   

4.
硅肥对超级早稻产量形成和部分生理特性的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以超级早稻组合株两优819(倒伏敏感品种)与陆两优996(抗倒伏品种)为材料,研究了硅肥对超级早稻产量形成和生理特性的影响.结果表明:硅肥对超级早稻具有显著增产作用,株两优819与陆两优996增产幅度分别为6.71%~18.25%和9.32%~21.89%.增产的主要原因在于施硅肥提高了叶面积指数与干物质积累量及物质转换率,协调了库源关系;硅肥能改善超级早稻生理特性,主要表现在叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性总糖含量与硝酸还原酶活性的提高及根系体积的增大等方面;施氮150 kg/hm2条件下施硅肥的增产和改善生理特性效果更好,且陆两优996效果比株两优819更好.  相似文献   

5.
硅肥对超级早稻茎叶形态与抗倒伏特性的影响   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
以超级早稻组合株两优819(倒伏敏感品种)与陆两优996(抗倒伏品种)为材料,研究了硅肥对超级早稻茎叶形态与抗倒伏特性的影响。结果表明:硅肥能改善超级早稻茎叶形态与抗倒伏能力,主要表现为提高单茎叶面积,减小剑叶夹角,增粗茎秆,缩短基部一、二节间,增强抗倒力等,且在施氮150 kg/hm2条件下施硅效果最好,且陆两优996抗倒性提高更好。  相似文献   

6.
行株距配置对超高产早晚稻产量的影响   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
 在30万蔸/hm2(早稻)和25万蔸/hm2(晚稻)密度下,以超高产早稻陆两优996、淦鑫203和超高产晚稻淦鑫688、天优华占为试验材料,研究了3个施氮水平下不同行株距配置对超高产早、晚稻产量的影响。不施氮时,供试的4个品种(组合)均在窄行距时产量最高;施氮条件下,淦鑫203在中行距时产量最高,陆两优996和天优华占在宽行距和窄行距时产量较高,而淦鑫688在窄行距时产量较高。不同行株距配置对陆两优996和天优华占产量的影响主要是通过影响有效穗数,对淦鑫203主要通过影响每穗粒数,而对淦鑫668则主要通过影响结实率来实现。品种间对行株距配置响应的差异与淦鑫203的每穗粒数较少、成穗率较低,而陆两优996和天优华占的每穗粒数较多、成穗率较高,淦鑫688的叶面积指数较高有关。早稻陆两优996的适宜行株距为33.0 cm×10.0 cm或20.6 cm×16.0 cm,淦鑫203为25.4 cm×13.0 cm;晚稻天优华占为40.0 cm×10.0 cm或20.0 cm×20.0 cm,淦鑫688为20.0 cm×20.0 cm。  相似文献   

7.
采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的"3414"试验设计方案,于2007年在湖南桃江研究了氮、磷、钾施用量对超级杂交早稻陆两优996产量、生育期、经济性状、效益的影响。结果表明:3个因素对陆两优996的产量均有显著影响,其影响效应NKP,建立了氮、磷、钾用量与产量的回归模型,确定了陆两优996最佳经济施肥量:N 189.12 kg/hm2,P2O596.38 kg/hm2,K2O 108.36 kg/hm2,对生育期、经济性状、效益的影响效应氮明显大于磷、钾。试验研究结果对陆两优996大面积生产具有一定指导作用。  相似文献   

8.
陆两优1733是中国水稻研究所和湖南金健种业有限责任公司用湖南亚华种业科学研究院选育的水稻两系不育系陆18S为母本、合作选育的恢复系R1733为父本配组选育的两系杂交早稻新组合.该组合具有丰产性好、耐肥抗倒、生育期适中、适应性好等特点,适合在湖南省作早稻栽培,2011年4月通过湖南省品种审定.  相似文献   

9.
石天宝 《作物研究》2004,18(4):235-236
水稻低温敏两用核不育系株1S株1S系湖南省株洲市农科所1993年从"抗罗早×[科辐红2号×(湘早籼3号×02428)]"组合杂种F2代中发现的不育株,经多代严格定向选育而成的不育起点温度低的水稻两用核不育系.于1998年通过湖南省科委组织的技术鉴定,1999年通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定.以其为母本配制的两系杂交组合株两优02、株两优112、株两优971、株两优83、株两优176、株两优99、株两优505通过湖南省农作物品种审定.株两优02还通过南方稻区区试和生产试验,2004年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.  相似文献   

10.
株两优100   品种来源:该组合是用低温敏不育系“株1S“作母本,常规早籼品种“中鉴100“作父本,组配而成的一个双季杂交早稻新品种.该品种经一年亚华区试,两年湖南省区试,一年湖南省多点大面积生产示范,于2005年2月1日通过湖南省农作物品种审定,审定号为“湘审稻2005009“.……  相似文献   

11.
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong (1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage, sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over 45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield of a subsequent crop.  相似文献   

12.
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14.
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds.  相似文献   

15.
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta. Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact).  相似文献   

16.
Summary

The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices.  相似文献   

17.
Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase).  相似文献   

18.
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories.  相似文献   

19.
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described.  相似文献   

20.
Summary Methods were developed for clean-up of potato tuber extracts on solid phase extraction CN-cartridges and for analysis of steroidal glycoalkaloids by reversed phase HPLC. The alkaloids α-solanine, α-chaconine, α-solasonine and α-solamargine could be separated on C8 or C18 reversed phase columns using a mobile phase of acetonitrile/Tris-buffer (3∶2, v/v). The analysis time of tuber extracts containing these alkaloids was less then 4 min, if the pH of the mobile phase was adjusted to 7.4 and run at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min.  相似文献   

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