粮草双高饲料大麦新品种皖饲啤14008选育与应用

皖饲啤14008(原名皖95033)是安徽省农业科学院作物研究所以自育品系92342为母本、(法国Mola/法国SHYRT)F_1为父本,配制杂交组合,经系谱法选育而成的粮草双高饲料大麦新品种。2014—2015年安徽省联合鉴定,平均产量571.5 kg/667m~2,较对照西引2号增产11.1%。2015—2017年国家南方片区试,2年平均产量359.0 kg/667 m~2,比对照苏啤3号增产7.4%,比参试品种均值增产2.4%,居参试品种第1位。乳熟期植株生物产量(鲜质量)达3 500 kg/667 m~2以上。该品种综合农艺性状优良,饲用品质好,抗倒力强,2016年通过安徽省非主要农作物品种鉴定登记,适宜黄淮中南部晚茬田、江淮及沿江地区种植。     

高产抗稻瘟病杂交中籼新组合Ⅱ优69

Ⅱ优69是湖北恩施州农科院选育的高产抗稻瘟病新组合,2002—2003年参加恩施水稻品种区试,平均产量8.712 t/hm2,比对照增产5.39%,2005年通过湖北省审定。介绍了Ⅱ优69的特征特性及产量表现,并提出了其高产栽培技术和制种技术要点。     

蒙9449大豆新品种选育及配套栽培技术

蒙9449是安徽省农科院作物所选育的大豆新品种,蛋白质含量39.78%,脂肪含量22.66%,生育期106 d.2004-2005年参加安徽省大豆品种区域试验,两年平均产量2 686.8 kg/hm2,比CK中豆20增产8.64%.2005年同时参加安徽省大豆品种生产试验,平均产量2 541.3 kg/hm2,比CK中豆20增产11.92%.     

优质高产大麻新品种皖大麻1号的选育研究

"皖大麻1号"(原名01-68)是以安徽大麻地方品种"六安寒麻"的优良变异株系后代,经过2000-2005年的连续系统选育.形成稳定的品系01-68.2006-2007年参加2年的新品系比较试验,结果表明,纤维产量3028-3258 kg/hm2,种子产量1021-1042 kg/hm2,分别比对照品种六安寒麻增产13.12-14.84%和5.92-7.09%.2008年5月31日通过安徽省非主要农作物品种审定委员会鉴定认证,命名为"皖大麻1号".     

大麻新品种皖大麻2号的选育

皖大麻2号(原02-35品系)是从安徽地方优良品种"六安火麻"变异株系中经系统选育而成的.2007-2008年参加新品系比较鉴定试验和生产示范展示.结果表明,纤维产量2446kg/hm2,种子产量1265kg/hm2,分别比对照六安火麻增产9.65%和6.21%,达差异显著水平,单纤维长度达2.53cm,比对照六安火麻增加0.24cm.2008年5月通过安徽省非主要农作物品种鉴定委员会鉴定认证,命名为"皖大麻2号".     

杂交粳稻八优8号特征特性和栽培技术

八优8号是浙江省农业科学院作物所杂交稻组与诸暨市种子公司合作 ,以不育系8204A与恢复系R9525配组而成的杂交粳稻。该组合于2002年3月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定 ,具有产量高、抗性好、适应性广等特点 ,适宜在浙江晚粳稻地区作单季或连晚栽培。一、产量表现八优8号参加浙江省杂交粳稻联合品比试验 ,平均产量为8.08t/hm2,比对照秀水11增产6.5%。参加浙江省杂交晚粳稻区试 ,平均产量为6.01～7.04t/hm2,比对照秀水63增产3.3%～8.2% ,其中第二年增产达极显著水平 ;2001年参加浙江省杂交晚粳稻生产试验 ,平均产量为7.06t/hm2,比对照品…     

80优9号

８０优９号系安徽省农科院水稻所用不育系８０—４Ａ与恢复系皖恢９号配组于１９８８年育成的早熟晚粳杂交组合。１９９４年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定。１产量表现１９９１年参加安徽省粳杂双晚区试，平均亩产４０５．１ｋｇ，较对照鄂宜１０５增产６．１％；１９９４年平均亩产３８４．３ｋｇ，较对照鄂宜１０５增产２．７５％；同年参加双晚组生产试验，平均亩产４０１．７ｋｇ，较对照鄂宜１０５增产１２．０２％。目前在安徽省已累计种植１０万多亩，一般比当地对照品种增产１０％以上。庐江县１９９３年种植１万亩，平均亩产…     

杂交晚粳泗优422

泗优422是江苏省农科院粮作所用新育成的中粳不育系泗稻8号A引用湖南杂交稻研究中心的粳稻恢复系轮回422测配选育而成。该组合属三系早熟晚粳,产量高、米质优、抗病性好。几年来参加各项试验和示范表现杂种优势明显,增产显著。1993年4月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定,列入江苏省晚粳地区重点推广新组合。1产量表现 1989年本院小区鉴定平均亩产561.5kg,比六优3-2增产7.9%,1990年在省杂交晚粳预备试验,6个点平均亩产570.28kg,比对照武育粳2号增产5.3%。1990～1991年苏州市杂交晚粳品比试验中,6个点平均亩产611.33kg,比秀水04增产9.7%,1…     

杂交粳稻新组合粳优586的选育与应用

粳优586是辽宁省水稻研究所以139A为母本、C586为父本,经人工杂交配组而成的优质粳型杂交水稻新组合。综合抗病性表现优异,米质达到国标优质三级。2012～2013年区域试验平均产量9.48 t/hm~2,比对照津原85增产5.43%。2014年生产试验平均产量10.36 t/hm~2,比对照津原85增产8.44%。2015年9月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。总结介绍了粳优586的栽培及制种技术要点。     

寒地优质、高产水稻新品种松粳6号特征特性及栽培技术

松粳6号是由黑龙江省农科院第二水稻研究所以辽粳5号为母本 ,合江20为父本杂交选育而成 ,品系代号松97-98。该品种经黑龙江省大面积试种、示范 ,以其优质、高产、抗病等综合优点 ,成为2000年黑龙江省良种化工程中标品种。在黑龙江、吉林两省各地试种、示范 ,表现高产、稳产性好 ,米质特优等特点 ,受到稻农的广泛欢迎。2002年推广种植面积达8万hm2。现已是黑龙江省南部地区和吉林省部分地区优质精加工米的主要品种。一、产量表现2000～2001年参加黑龙江省区域试验 ,平均产量535.5kg/667m2 ,比对照牡丹江19增产12.5% ,14个区试点均增产 ,最高…     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。