优质高产抗病香粳糯稻——大华香糯

大华香糯 (原名Ｄ２６)是江苏省农垦大华种子集团有限公司育成的中熟中粳香糯稻。适宜黄淮及苏中地区推广种植。２００１年４月通过江苏省品种审定。一、主要特征特性１.产量潜力大、稳产适应性好大华香糯于１９９７年参加省农垦品比试验 ,平均单产６９８．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照镇稻８８增产７．２１% ;１９９８参加省农垦区试省联鉴平均单产６８０～７００ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ;１９９９～２０００年参加江苏省中熟中粳区域试验 ,平均单产分别为６３１．０９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ 和６４５．３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,两年省区试产量均居参试品种第…     

淮稻5号的特征特性及高产栽培技术

淮稻５号系江苏省徐淮地区淮阴市农科所用复交材料７２０８／武育粳３号杂交选育而成 ,是一个集高产、稳产、优质于一体的迟熟中粳稻新品种。２０００年４月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、产量表现１９９６年参加江苏省中粳联鉴 ,平均产量６３２．６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居１１个参试品种 (系 )第三位。１９９７～１９９８连续两年参加江苏省中粳新品种 (系 )区试 ,平均单产６２１．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照武育粳３号增产２．６% ,达极显著水平 ,居参试品种 (系 )第二位。１９９９年进入江苏省淮南中粳生产试验 ,平均单产６０４…     

吉林省2000年审（认）定通过的水稻新品种

１.丰优２０３粳稻 ,系吉林省农科院水稻研究所育成。１９９７～１９９９年省区试平均产量为５４９．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,较对照吉玉粳增产８ % ;１９９８～１９９９年省生产试验平均产量为５３９．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较对照品种增产４%。生育期１３６天 ,属中熟品种。米质较优。中抗叶瘟 ,中感稻瘟。适宜在吉林省生育期间活动积温２６５０℃以上稻区种植。２.吉优一号粳稻 ,系吉林省农科院水稻研究所育成。１９９７～１９９９年省区试平均产量为５３５．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照吉玉粳增产４．８% ;１９９８～１９９９年省生产试验平均…     

优质杂粳常优1号的特征特性及高产栽培技术初探

常优１号 ,系江苏省常熟市农科所育成的杂交粳稻新组合。无锡市于２０００年引进试种。一、产量表现２０００年参加无锡市品比试验 ,平均单产６３３．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,２００１年续试平均单产６４７．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,均位居参试品种的首位 ,比对照武运粳７号分别增产８．０%和１．９７ %。２０００年江苏省江阴市顾山示范区试种０．２６ｈｍ２,平均单产６５２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,２００１年示范种植１．９７ｈｍ２,平均单产６８１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较相同栽培条件下的武运粳７号高５０ｋｇ以上。二、特征特性１.生育期常优１号属中熟晚…     

优质、高产、多抗中籼水稻新品种青二籼的特征特性及其栽培技术

青二籼系河南省信阳市农科所杂交选育而成的中籼迟熟水稻新品种。２００１年６月通过河南省品种审定委员会审定。在河南省区域试验、生产试验及生产上较大面积试种示范中 ,表现出优质、高产、抗病、熟期适中、稳产性好、适应性广等优点。在豫南稻区示范种植深受群众欢迎 ,具有较为广泛的应用前景。一、产量表现１９９８年参加豫南稻区区域试验 ,平均单产５６７．０５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照品种豫籼３号增产１１．０７% ,达极显著水平 ;１９９９年续试 ,平均单产５９４．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照豫籼３号增产３．００ % ;同年交叉参加豫…     

泗优422

泗优４２２是江苏省农科院粮作所用新育成的中粳不育系泗稻８号Ａ引用湖南杂交水稻研究中心的粳稻恢复系轮回４２２测配选育而成。１９９３年４月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定，列入江苏省晚粳地区重点推广新组合。１产量表现１９９１～１９９２年江苏省杂交晚粳区试，两年平均亩产６１１．１２ｋｇ，比对照武育粳２号和秀水０４，分别增产８．２％和９．６％、在南方稻区杂交粳稻（单季组）区试中，６个点两年平均亩产５３４．０１ｋｇ，比对照秀水０４增产１２．３％。１９９２年在江苏省杂交晚粳生产试验结果，３个点平均亩产５２…     

高产、优质、抗病中粳盐粳7号特征特性及栽培技术

盐粳７号系江苏省盐都县农科所育成的中粳新品种 ,经过两年试验及多点试种 ,表现高产、稳产、优质、抗病性强、熟期适中、适应性广、熟相佳等优点 ,２００１年４月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定并命名 ,适宜苏中、淮北稻区中高肥力水平田块种植。一、特征特性１.农艺性状盐粳７号分蘖性较强 ,一般每６６７ｍ２总蘖数２７～３３万 ,有效穗２２～２５万 ,成穗率７５%以上。株型集散度适中 ,剑叶短而挺 ,株高９５～１００ｃｍ。２.穗部性状盐粳７号穗型较大 ,着粒较密 ,穗长１４．５～１５ｃｍ ,每穗总粒１０５～１１０粒 ,实粒９５～１…     

优质中熟早籼新品种中98—19特征特性及高产栽培技术

中９８-１９是中国水稻研究所育成的优质中熟早籼新品种 ,２００１年通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。湖南宁乡县１９９９年引进试种示范 ,２０００～２００１年在全县进行多点示范 ,表现出产量高、米质优、熟期早、抗逆能力强、适应性广等优点。该品种被指定为宁乡县２００２年重点推广品种。一、产量表现１.试验产量在２０００年区试中 ,产量居１０个供试品种之首 ,每６６７ｍ２ 产量４８７．６ｋｇ,比对照湘早籼１３号增产１０．８５ % ,达极显著水平 ;２０００年同时参加了南方稻区早籼早中熟组区试 ,每６６７ｍ２产量４８０．８２…     

甬优2号的特征特性及主要栽培技术

甬优２号系宁波市农科院和宁波市种子公司合作育成的杂交粳稻新品种。浙江省１９９８和１９９９两年杂交晚粳稻区试 ,平均单产分别为４７０．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和４０２．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照秀水１１增产１２．４４%和６．１０%。１９９９年慈溪市周巷镇单季连片种植３７．３ｈｍ２,平均单产５６４．２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。２０００年诸暨市大面积试种示范 ,３个单季百亩示范方 ,平方单产５６６．９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。各地普遍认为该品种杂种优势强 ,单双季兼宜 ,优质、高产 ,好看、好种。一、主要特征特性１.生育期该品种为中熟晚粳…     

浙江省2002年审定通过的水稻新品种

１ .浙粳２０是浙江省农科院作物所选育成的晚粳稻新品种。经浙江省金华市１９９９年和２０００年两年区试 ,平均单产为４５３．０５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照秀水１１增产１１．０５ % ,其中１９９９年增产达显著水平 ,２０００年增产达极显著水平。２００１年生产试验平均单产４５９．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照秀水１１增产１１．３%。两年区试结果 :平均全生育期１２７．４天 ,与对照秀水１１相仿。平均每６６７ｍ２有效穗２４．１７万 ,每穗总粒数８２粒 ,实粒数７５．５粒 ,结实率９２．１ % ,千粒重２５．２ｇ。抗性鉴定结果 :高抗稻…     

Milling,functional and thermo-mechanical properties of wheat,rye, triticale,barley and oat

The milling potential of hulled barley, hulled oat, triticale, rye and wheat was studied using a long tempering process and a laboratory four-roller mill. Regardless of the investigated cereal, the results indicated a significant influence (p < 0.05) of volume per surface area ratio on the milling yield and ash contents of the flour. The lowest milling yield was obtained in case of hulled oat. Solvent retention capacity profiles were determined for all investigated whole cereals and flours for predicting the contribution of different polymers to the functionality of samples. For all solvents higher values were obtained for the whole cereals compared to the corresponding flour. Thermo-mechanical properties of the whole cereals and refined flours were also investigated. If in case of wheat the gluten proteins play an essential role on dough behaviour during kneading at 30 °C, in case of triticale, rye, hulled barley and hulled oat, the fibers play a major role as well. Thermo-mechanical properties of starch registered a large variation between cereals and/or flours. The lowest torque value corresponding to starch gelatinization (C3) was registered in case of the hulled oat flour, 1.92 Nm, while the highest value in case of rye flour, 2.65 Nm.     

WTO与茶叶--法治、创新、流通、标准、茶协

本文从以法治茶;科技创新,以新品种、新技术、新机械设备,促使茶产品"升级换代;搞活流通;建立"茶市场",规范管理;实施标准,创立名牌;发挥协会、学会、商会的作用.由政府牵头,调动官、企、产、学、研各方面力量,建设浙茶为现代化、产业化的强省,为"入世"作好积极的准备.     

Ester and ether linkages between hydroxycinnamic acids and lignins from wheat,rice, rye,and barley straws,maize stems,and fast-growing poplar wood

Treatment of solvent extracted wheat, rice, rye, and barley straws, maize stems, and fast-growing poplar wood with 60% aqueous ethanol in 0.2 M HCl at 75 °C for 3 h released 51.8, 51.2, 47.2, 43.7, 54.0, and 16.7% of the original lignin, and 44.3, 50.3, 30.9, 36.1, 40.0, and 25.5% of the original hemicelluloses, respectively. It was found that the bulk of p-coumaric acid (PCA) (67.0–83.5%) was esterified at the lignin side chains, while ferulic acid (FA) is linked to lignin side chains through both ether bonds (51.6–68.3%) and ester bonds (31.7–48.4%), indicating that FA may form intra- and/or inter-molecular ester–ether bridges between lignin fragments, which is first proposed in this study. In addition to p-hydroxybenzoic acid esterified to lignins in the cell walls of wheat straw and fast-growing poplar wood, a small portion of ether-linked p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the lignin preparations, obtained from rice, rye, and barley straws and maize stems, was also detected. It was also detected that noticeable amounts of syringic and vanillic acids were predominantly esterified to the lignin molecules in the cell walls of the materials studied.     

Plant population,planting date,and germplasm effects on guayule latex,rubber, and resin yields

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a perennial shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert. While guayule traditionally has been cultivated for rubber, more recently it is being cultivated for its hypoallergenic latex. Other uses including termite resistant wood products and an energy source have also been identified. However, the effects of various agronomic practices, such as planting and harvesting dates, plant spacing, cutting height and frequency, irrigation frequency, and herbicide application, on latex concentration and yield of newly developed germplasm have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the yield and concentration of latex, rubber, and resin of four guayule lines planted at two populations and two planting dates. Four guayule lines (AZ-1, AZ-3, AZ-5, and 11591) were transplanted at two dates (28 November 2000 and 7 June 2001) and two plant populations (27,000 and 54,000 plants ha^?1). Treatments were replicated four times. Each treatment plot was subdivided into six subplots for harvesting at 6-month intervals beginning 1 year after transplanting. Results showed that transplanting date did not affect plant size or latex concentration or yield consistently. Instead, it appeared that the time of harvest (fall vs. spring) was more important. The sixth (last harvest) in the fall planting date and the fifth harvest date in the spring planting date were the optimum for plant biomass and latex, rubber, and resin concentrations and yields. The lines AZ-1 and AZ-3 were larger, whereas AZ-5 had higher latex and rubber concentrations than the control, 11591. The greater plant population (54,000 plants ha^?1) had higher biomass, rubber, and resin yields than the lower population (27,000 plants ha^?1) at the early harvest dates, but not at the later harvest dates (5 and 6). More studies must to be conducted to determine the optimum plant population and transplanting date for other newly developed guayule germplasm lines.     

Fucanomics and galactanomics: marine distribution, medicinal impact, conceptions, and challenges

Glycomics turned out to be a very extensive project where its subdivision is consequently emerging. This is seen by the growing number of terminologies used to define subprojects concerning particular classes of bioactive carbohydrates. Sulfated fucans (SFs) and sulfated galactans (SGs) are relatively new classes of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) that occur mostly in marine organisms, and exhibit a broad range of medicinal effects. Their structures are taxonomically dependent, and their therapeutic actions include benefits in inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, cancer, oxidation, and infections. Some red algae, marine angiosperm and invertebrates express SPs of unique structures composed of regular repeating oligomeric units of well-defined sulfation patterns. This fine pattern of structural regularity is quite rare among any naturally occurring long SPs, and enables accurate structure-biofunction correlations. Seeing that, fucanomics and galactanomics may comprise distinguished glycomics subprojects. We hereby discuss the relevance that justifies the international recognition of these subprojects in the current glycomics age associated with the beneficial outcomes that these glycans may offer in drug development.     

氮磷钾肥对稻米铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响

 采用田间试验，在四川省西昌市用两个水稻品种研究了氮、磷、钾肥施用量对稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响。结果表明，稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量均随着施氮量增加先上升后下降，滇屯502的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量都以施用90 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高；而合系39的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙的含量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用270 kg/hm2 N最高，说明供试籼型品种滇屯502对氮肥的敏感性较粳型品种合系39强；磷肥明显降低了稻米中铁、铜、锰、钙的含量和产量，适量增施磷肥有利于增加稻米中镁的含量和产量；适量施用钾肥有利于提高稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰含量和产量，两供试品种铁、锌、铜、锰含量均以90 kg/hm2 K2O时最高，而钾肥明显降低了稻米中镁、钙的含量和产量。     

Phytosterol,Squalene, Tocopherol Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Selected Seeds,Grains, and Legumes

The unsaponifiable lipid fraction of plant-based foods is a potential source of bioactive components such as phytosterols, squalene, and tocopherols. The objective of the present study was to determine the levels of phytosterols, and squalene, as well as tocopherols (α and β + γ) in selected grains, seeds, and legumes. The method comprised acid hydrolysis and lipid extraction followed by alkaline saponification, prior to analysis by HPLC. In addition, the fatty acid profile of the foods was determined via total lipid extraction, fatty acid derivitisation and GC analysis. In general, β-sitosterol was the most prevalent phytosterol, ranging in concentration from 24.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seed to 191.4 mg/100 g in peas. Squalene identified in all foods examined in this study, was particularly abundant in pumpkin seed (89.0 mg/100 g). The sum of α- and β+ γ-tocopherols ranged from 0.1 mg/100 g in rye to 15.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seeds. Total oil content ranged from 0.9% (w/w) in butter beans to 42.3% (w/w) in pumpkin seed and the type of fat, in all foods examined, was predominantly unsaturated. In conclusion, seeds, grains, and legumes are a rich natural source of phytosterols. Additionally, they contain noticeable amounts of squalene and tocopherols, and in general, their fatty acid profile is favorable.     

Structure Elucidation of New Acetylated Saponins,Lessoniosides A,B, C,D, and E,and Non-Acetylated Saponins,Lessoniosides F and G,from the Viscera of the Sea Cucumber Holothuria lessoni

Sea cucumbers produce numerous compounds with a wide range of chemical structural diversity. Among these, saponins are the most diverse and include sulfated, non-sulfated, acetylated and methylated congeners with different aglycone and sugar moieties. In this study, MALDI and ESI tandem mass spectrometry, in the positive ion mode, were used to elucidate the structure of new saponins extracted from the viscera of H. lessoni. Fragmentation of the aglycone provided structural information on the presence of the acetyl group. The presence of the O-acetyl group was confirmed by observing the mass transition of 60 u corresponding to the loss of a molecule of acetic acid. Ion fingerprints from the glycosidic cleavage provided information on the mass of the aglycone (core), and the sequence and type of monosaccharides that constitute the sugar moiety. The tandem mass spectra of the saponin precursor ions [M + Na]⁺ provided a wealth of detailed structural information on the glycosidic bond cleavages. As a result, and in conjunction with existing literature, we characterized the structure of five new acetylated saponins, Lessoniosides A–E, along with two non-acetylated saponins Lessoniosides F and G at m/z 1477.7, which are promising candidates for future drug development. The presented strategy allows a rapid, reliable and complete analysis of native saponins.     

Dyeing, fastness, and deodorizing properties of cotton, silk, and wool fabrics dyed with gardenia, coffee sludge, Cassia tora. L., and pomegranate extracts

Four kinds of natural dying solutions (natural colorant extracts) were obtained by extraction from gardenia, coffee sludge, Cassia tora. L., and pomegranate using water at 90°C for 90 min with a liquor ratio (solid natural colorant material/solvent water, weight ratio) of 1/10. The dyeing, colour fastness, and deodorizing properties of cotton, silk, and wool fabrics dyed with natural colorant extracts were compared. It was found that these properties were significantly dependent on the concentration of extracts, the structure of colorant, and the kind of fabrics. The order of colour strength (K/S) is Cassia tora. L., pomegranate, coffee sludge, and gardenia. Colour fastness (light, water, and perspiration fastness) was in the range of 2nd–5th grades. The deodorizing performance of fabrics dyed with various natural colorant extracts was in the range of 50–99 %. The deodorizing performance increased in the order of gardenia < Cassia tora. L. < coffee sludge < pomegranate. Especially, the deodorizing performance of all fabrics dyed with pomegranate was found to be highest at 99 %.