高产机采棉品种——新陆早74号

介绍了优质丰产机采棉品种新陆早74号的选育过程、特征特性、抗病性及栽培技术要点等。     

新疆北疆植棉区机采棉品种筛选试验

通过征集在过去15年北疆棉区大面积主栽品种8份,在新疆玛纳斯试验站进行机采棉品种筛选试验,以筛选适宜北疆植棉区气候及栽培管理条件下的早熟、优质、高产的机采棉品种。结果表明:新陆早57号和新陆早62号均生育期适中、霜前花率高、株型较紧凑、第一果枝高度较高、产量水平较高、纤维品质优良,适宜作北疆植棉区的机采棉品种应用。     

新陆早32号脱叶剂筛选试验初报

化学脱叶是机械采棉的必要环节和前提,筛选效果较好的脱叶剂,确定科学的施药方案,是推广机械化采棉技术的重要手段.针对新陆早32号适合机采的品种特性,研究不同脱叶剂对新陆早32号产量、品质以及种子成熟度的影响,筛选出适合新陆早32号的脱叶剂类型并确定合理的施药方案,为新陆早32号的合理机采提供前提条件.     

新陆中69号特征特性及栽培技术

介绍了优质丰产机采棉品种新陆中69号的选育过程、特征特性及主要栽培技术措施。     

新疆巴州地区一批优质早熟棉花品种比较

筛选出适合新疆巴州地区种植的优质早熟棉品种,为棉花供给侧结构性改革和国家区域性棉花良种繁育基地提供品种保障.比较了11个早熟棉花品种在巴州地区种植的生育期、农艺性状、产量、纤维品质等表现,并采用灰色关联度法对品种的籽棉产量、衣分、纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、整齐度指数和伸长率共7个性状指标进行综合评价.结果 表明,11个优质早熟棉品种的综合排序为新陆早51号＞新陆早33号＞新陆早68号＞新陆早61号＞新陆早27号＞新陆早18号＞新陆早26号＞新陆早42号＞新陆早50号＞新陆早70号＞新陆早40号.因而推荐新陆早51号作为新疆巴州地区棉花良种繁育保障性品种.     

北疆早熟陆地中长绒棉品种选育中存在的问题

随着人们消费水平的提高和纺织技术的不断发展,国内外对中长绒棉的需求量也呈逐年上升的趋势。因此,发展中长绒棉对推动优质高效农业和产业结构调整都是十分有利的。新疆北疆作为我国主要的优质棉区,近年来在早熟中长绒棉选育和生产上取得了长足的进步。1品种选育成就从“十五”到“十一五”初,北疆各棉花育种单位先后育成新陆早16号、新陆早24号、新陆早28号、新陆早29号和新陆早31号5个早熟陆地中长绒棉品种。这几个中长绒棉品种的育成和推广,为推动垦区的中长绒棉的发展起到了积极的促进作用。从表1可看出,这5个品种的绒长在32.9~33.6mm,…     

棉花新品种新陆早51号的选育特点

新陆早51号（原代号金垦71）是新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所培育的早熟、优质、丰产、抗病、适宜机采的棉花新品种,2011年8月通过新疆维吾尔自治区品种审定委员会审定,同年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

早熟棉花品种新陆早79号的选育及高产创建实践

2020年和2021年新陆早79号在北疆早熟植棉区示范推广中早熟性突出,结铃性强,吐絮集中,含絮好,适宜机采,表现出较高的增产潜力.概述了新陆早79号的选育过程、品种特征特性、栽培管理技术要点及其高产创建实践.     

机采棉新陆早48号脱叶剂使用技术要点

机采棉脱叶剂的使用是机采棉生产中的重要一环。介绍了机采棉脱叶剂种类及适宜的用法与用量,分析了新陆早48号适用脱叶剂的时间,并详细论述了新陆早48号喷施脱叶刺的工具及要求。     

新疆南疆无膜机采棉花品种（系）筛选

为筛选适宜新疆南疆植棉区无膜种植的机采棉品种和相关育种资源材料，2019―2020年在南疆植棉区对13个供试棉花品种（系）进行筛选比较试验。通过对农艺性状、皮棉产量、纤维品质、丰产性、稳产性及理想指数等的综合评价，筛选出适宜南疆植棉区无膜种植的机采棉品种2个——新陆早77号和新陆早51号，以及较优的相关育种材料2个——抗病早熟6号和冀丰1187，其中抗病早熟6号综合表现突出。相关研究结果可为南疆实现无膜植棉和适用品种选育提供科学依据。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.