外源水杨酸对‘Pra to’百合切花瓶插效果的影响

 以亚洲杂种系百合‘Prato’为试材, 在基本保鲜剂成分( 20 g·L^-1蔗糖、250 mg·L^-18 - 羟基喹啉、1 g·L^-1 CaCl₂ ) 的基础上加水杨酸进行瓶插处理, 研究其保鲜效应。结果表明, 用含水杨酸的保鲜液能延长瓶插寿命、单花寿命, 增加花枝鲜样质量和花瓣中可溶性蛋白质的含量, 推迟呼吸和乙烯峰的到来并降低峰值, 减少花瓣中丙二醛和游离脯氨酸的积累。两种保鲜剂处理对百合切花叶片都有较好的保绿效果。     

切花月季新品种‘菲韵’

‘菲韵’是由现代月季品种‘好莱坞’与‘卡罗拉’杂交选育出来的新品种。花瓣复色，正面淡紫色，背面灰白色，花径7～9 cm，花瓣数45～60枚，切枝长度70～85 cm，生长势强，设施切花栽培年产量18～20枝·株^-1，花朵乙烯欠敏感，失水后复水能力强，瓶插寿命14～16 d。     

纳米银预处理对麝香百合切花的保鲜效应研究

以麝香百合‘白天堂’为试材,研究了新型抗菌剂纳米银(Nano-silver,NS)处理对麝香百合(Lilium longiflorum)切花的保鲜效应。结果表明:用5～20mg/L NS溶液预处理麝香百合切花茎基端24h后再瓶插于去离子水中,可延长切花的瓶插寿命,并延缓花瓣和叶片的失水萎蔫、改善花枝的水分吸收和延缓花枝的鲜重损失,其中以10mg/L NS预处理效果最佳。进一步试验表明,10～20mg/L NS溶液对麝香百合切花采后易于滋生的假单孢菌属菌(Pseudomonassp.)、肠杆菌属菌(Enterobacter sp.)、鲍氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)和木糖氧化产碱菌(Achromobacter xylosoxidans)等4种主要病原菌生长有显著的抑制作用。     

观赏桃新品种‘嫣红早花’的选育

‘嫣红早花’是鄢陵县林业科学研究所用‘满天红’ב迎春’杂交培育出的观赏桃新品种。花为蔷薇形,花蕾深红色,花瓣玫瑰红色,重瓣,花冠直径4.8~5.2 cm,花瓣5轮,20~22瓣;长花枝59~90 cm,节间长度2.0 cm,多为复花芽,花芽起始节位为3~4节;平均单果重65 g,果肉白色,风味甜,可食用,但着色较差。2015年12月通过河南省林木品种审定委员会审定。     

百合新品种‘太阳花’

百合新品种‘太阳花’是从亚洲百合‘瓦迪索’与东方百合‘西伯利亚’杂交后代中选育出的，植株生长健壮。花碗形，完全开放直径16.5 cm，花瓣长10 cm，瓣宽5 cm，花瓣上部黄色，基部橘色，瓶插寿命10 d。耐高温，抗病性强，适合北方地区栽培。     

乙烯代谢和能量状态对‘巴茨拉’牡丹切花瓶插品质的作用研究

以发育至绽口期的‘巴茨拉’牡丹切花为试材,分别经蒸馏水和20 mg·L-1纳米银预处理2 h,再进行蒸馏水或保鲜液瓶插,测定瓶插过程中花瓣乙烯释放速率,1–氨基环丙烷–1–羧酸(ACC)、腺苷酸(ANP)和糖含量,乙烯和糖代谢相关酶活性。结果表明,纳米银预处理乙烯释放峰值降幅达40.9%,降低了ACC含量和ACC合成酶(ACS)活性,提高了琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和H+-ATP酶活性,增加了糖和ATP含量,保持较高的能荷(EC)水平,切花瓶插寿命延长了40.7h。保鲜液瓶插乙烯释放峰值降幅达35.1%,提高了SDH活性与糖及ATP含量,保持较高的EC值,最大花径增加了3.5 cm。纳米银预处理后保鲜液瓶插(NS+PS)乙烯释放峰值降幅达31.2%,降低了ACC含量和ACS活性,提高了SDH、CCO和H+-ATP酶活性,糖及ANP含量,维持了较高的EC水平,提高了可溶性蛋白质含量,瓶插寿命延长了46.4 h,最大花径增大3.6 cm。结果显示通过抑制乙烯代谢和增强能量状态可延缓‘巴茨拉’牡丹切花衰老提高瓶插品质。     

切花月季失水胁迫耐性差异与内肽酶活性的关联

 选用切花月季耐失水胁迫品种‘Samantha’和中度耐失水胁迫品种‘Belami’, 采用带枝花和离枝花两种形式, 在22～25℃、RH 30%～50%、80μE·m ^{- 2} ·s^{- 1}荧光灯照光条件下进行了0～60 h的失水胁迫处理。结果显示: ①失水胁迫中花枝弯颈率的增加, ‘Samantha’快于‘Belami’, 同一品种带枝花快于离枝花, 但复水后恢复率的降低前者慢于后者, 同一品种带枝花慢于离枝花。胁迫过程中, 带枝花、离枝花都出现了恢复率快速降低的拐点, 前者晚于后者。对应于花枝复水恢复率快速降低的拐点, 水势值同一品种的带枝花、离枝花基本相同。②两品种花瓣中游离氨基酸含量均是带枝花、离枝花快速上升的转折点与其相应的复水率迅速降低拐点相吻合。③胁迫诱导的花瓣内肽酶活性上升, ‘Samantha’明显晚于‘Belami’, 同一品种带枝花早于离枝花。两品种带枝花和离枝花花瓣内肽酶活性诱导上升的转折点与其相应的复水恢复率迅速降低拐点相一致。④胁迫诱导引起的花瓣中金属蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶活性的变化均是‘Samantha’显著低于‘Belami’。由此推测, 切花月季品种间失水胁迫耐性差异可能与胁迫对花瓣中金属蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶活性诱导的差异有关。     

多胺对紫斑牡丹切花衰老过程中瓶插寿命和生理特性的影响

以紫斑牡丹‘京墨洒金’为试材,通过测定其最佳观赏期、瓶插寿命、花径变化率、鲜质量变化率、水分平衡值、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白质含量,研究了亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)对紫斑牡丹切花采后瓶插品质及生理特性的调控作用,以期为延长紫斑牡丹切花瓶插寿命和观赏期提供参考依据。结果表明:2种多胺均可以延长切花最佳观赏期,延迟了水分平衡值到达0的时间,减少水分亏缺,增加花枝鲜质量。Spm处理能够显著延长瓶插寿命、增大花径。2种多胺均能提高花瓣的活性,降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量,维持了活性氧代谢的平衡。Spm可以显著延缓可溶性蛋白质的降解,而Spd处理的可溶性蛋白质含量于瓶插末期低于对照。Spm处理能有效维持紫斑牡丹切花花瓣的水分平衡,提高抗氧化防御能力,延长切花的瓶插寿命。     

文心兰花药帽脱落与切花花朵衰老的关系研究

以花药帽易脱落的‘柠檬绿’和花药帽不易脱落的‘百万金币’文心兰切花为试材,探究花药帽脱落促使花朵衰老的原因。结果表明:去除花药帽的‘柠檬绿’和‘百万金币’分别在处理2和3 d较对照提前出现花瓣失水皱缩的衰老迹象,花药帽脱落16 h后释放内源乙烯,‘柠檬绿’内源乙烯释放速率为对照的55.42倍,‘百万金币’为8.57倍,去除花药帽后‘柠檬绿’和‘百万金币’花朵内源乙烯的释放速率分别在处理3和6 d达到峰值,释放量分别为351.59和82.57 n L·g~(-1)·h~(-1)。扫描电镜观察两个文心兰品种花药帽与蕊柱结合部位,发现‘柠檬绿’文心兰的蕊柱与花药帽的结合部位上不存在相匹配的长块状扁平结构,而‘百万金币’文心兰的蕊柱与花药帽的结合部位上具有相匹配的长块状扁平结构,两者之间的嵌合可能与防止花药帽的脱落有关。进一步研究发现,外源乙烯均加速了‘柠檬绿’和‘百万金币’花朵的衰老,分别在瓶插3和4 d出现衰老迹象,较对照提前2和3 d,含水量分别下降了12.57%和20.48%,丙二醛含量较对照组显著升高。未经外源乙烯处理的‘柠檬绿’单花瓶插1 d后花瓣含水量仅为‘百万金币’花瓣含水量的34.64%～43.39%,推测花瓣含水量减少或是文心兰衰老的主要因素之一。     

失水胁迫对切花月季‘贝拉米’ 内肽酶的影响

 以中度耐失水胁迫切花月季品种‘贝拉米’(Rosa hybrida ‘Belami’)为试材，在室温条件下进行30 h失水胁迫处理后复水并瓶插，研究花瓣中可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量以及内肽酶活性的变化。结果表明，失水胁迫提高了可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量，复水后处理花瓣仍高于对照；失水胁迫提高了内肽酶活性，复水后，在碱性条件下仍高于对照，在酸性条件下却低于对照。失水胁迫可能启动了新型内肽酶种类。     

《世界名花赏析》

AIM: To study the expression of MDM2 and mutant-type P53 proteins in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: Using immunohistochemical staining method(SP),the expression of mutant-type P53 and MDM2 proteins was examined in 55 cases of HCC,23 cases of corresponding paracancerous tissues and 10 cases of normal hepatic tissues. RESULTS: The frequencies of MDM2 and P53 positive expression in HCC were 17/55(30.9%) and 23/55 (41.8%), respectively. There was both positive expression of MDM2 and mutant-type P53 in 11 cases (20%) with HCC. Expression of MDM2 showed a significantly positive correlation with expression of mutant-type P53 (r=0.310,P＜0.05). The frequencies of MDM2 and P53 positive expression in corresponding paracancerous tissues cells were 1/23 (4.3%) and 2/23(8.6%), respectively. Otherwise, there was a significant statistical difference in MDM2 and mutant-type P53 protein expression between HCC and paracancerous tissues(P＜0.05). There was not positive expression of MDM2 and mutant-type P53 in normal hepatic tissue. CONCLUSION: There is MDM2 and mutant-type P53 protein overexpression in HCC. The p53 gene inactivation resulting from MDM2 protein overexpression and/or p53 gene mutation may play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Relationship between apoptosis,proliferation and expression,mutation of related genes in breast cancer

AIM:To study the relationship between apoptosis, proliferation and expression,mutation of related genes in breast cancer.METHODS:Methods of TUNEL, immunohistochemical S-P and PCR-SSCP were used respectively to study apoptotic index (AI), mitotic index(MI), expression of Bcl-2,p53,c-erbB-2,PCNA,Ki67,TopoⅡ and mutation of p53 in 54 cases of breast cancer.RESULTS:AI and MI were 9.40±3.78 and 5.96±2.36, respectively. There was a significant direct correlation between them(r=0.46.P＜0.01).High expression of Bcl-2,PCNA,Ki67,TopoⅡ coincided with high AI,MI(P＜0.01). High expression of p53,c-erbB-2 and mutation of p53 coincided with high MI(P＜0.01). Type of p53 mutation coincided with AI(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Disturbance of gene control between apoptosis and proliferation is related with expression,mutation of related genes in breast cancer.     

Expression and clinical significance of PTEN and survivin in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and survivin in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and the relationship between the two genes. METHODS: The expression of PTEN and survivin in 57 cases of LSCC, 27 cases of adjacent safety margin (ASM) radomized drawn from the LSCC patient and 22 cases of vocal cord polyp (VCP) were evaluated by SP immunohistochemistry, and the statistics analysis were followed. RESULTS: The positive rates of PTEN in LSCC, ASM and VCP were 89.5％ (51/57), 88.9％(24/27) and 95.5% (21/22), respectively. There was no significant difference among them (P>0.05), but the expression degrees were ascending (P<0.01). There was no expression of survivin in VCP. The positive rates of survivin in LSCC and ASM were 50.9% (29/57) and 11.1% (3/24) respectively with the significant difference (P<0.01). However, the difference of the expression degrees between LSCC and ASM was not significant (P>0.05). The expression of neither PTEN nor survivin was related to gender, age, tumor site, differentiation, T classification, clinical stage, nodal metastases, etc (P>0.05). There was no correlation in LSCC between PTEN and survivin expression (r=-0.15, P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During the carcinogenesis of LSCC, partial variation maybe occurs in PTEN. Survivin probably plays an important role during the carcinogenesis of LSCC. These changes are the early molecular event of the carcinogenesis. Relationship between PTEN and survivin and the biological behavior of LSCC, such as progression, metastases were not observed.     

Relationship of p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms with protein expression in breast carcinomas

AIM: To investigate the relationship between p21^WAF1gene polymorphisms and protein expression in breast carcinoma. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphisms technique (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemical assay of S-P immunostaining technique were used to study polymorphisms of p21^WAF1 and protein expression respectively on the specimen of paraffin-embedded tissues in 100 cases of breast carcinomas and 40 benign breast diseases as control. RESULTS: Two p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms were found in 18% (18/100) of breast carcinomas and 5% (2/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=3.94, P＜0.05). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21^WAF1 protein were found in 50% (50/100) of breast carcinomas and 12.5% (5/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=16.84, P＜0.01). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21^WAF1 protein were found in 100% (18/18) of breast carcinomas with p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms and 39% (32/82) of no p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ²=21.95, P＜0.01). The p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms were correlated with the protein expression in breast carcinomas (r=0.576, P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms may create the different copies of mRNA and may make relevant protein molecules.     

Effect of human xeroderma pigmentosum D on expression of Mdm2 and Mdm4 in HepG2 cells

AIM：To investigate the effects of human xeroderma pigmentosum D (XPD) on the expression of murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) and murine double minute 4 (Mdm4) in human hepatoma cells. METHODS：Recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2/XPD and vacant plasmid pEGFP-N2 were transfected into HepG2 cells using liposome, and the cells were divided into blank control group, pEGFP-N2 group and pEGFP-N2/XPD group. The cell growth was detected by MTT assay. The cell cycle and apoptotic rate were examined by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of XPD, Mdm2, Mdm4 and P53 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS：The results of MTT assay showed that the cell growth was inhibited by the transfection of pEGFP-N2/XPD. The results of flow cytometry showed that the transfection of pEGFP-N2/XPD increased the cell number in G 1 phase, decreased the cell number in S phase and increased the apoptotic rate of HepG2 cells. The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the transfection of pEGFP-N2/XPD increased the expression of XPD, decreased the expression of Mdm2 and Mdm4, and increased the expression of P53. CONCLUSION：XPD down-regulates Mdm2 and Mdm4 expression and up-regulates P53 expression in hepatoma cells. Moreover, the proliferation of hepatoma cells can be inhibited and the apoptosis can be induced by XPD.     

Significance of expression of Flt-4 in different histopathological grades of astrocytoma

AIM: To study the significance of expression of fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 (Flt-4) in different histopathological grades of astrocytoma. METHODS: The surgical specimens from 50 brain astrocytoma patients were stained immunohistochemically for examining Flt-4 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD) was calculated by labeling the endothelial cells of the blood vessels within the tumor. RESULTS: Flt-4, VEGF expression were closely correlated with histopathological grades of astrocytoma. Flt-4 and VEGF expression were found in 52% (26/50), 60% (30/50) of tumors. A significant correlation was found between Flt-4 and VEGF expression (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Flt-4 is presented in human brain astrocytoma. Flt-4 expression is mainly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and some tumor cells. Flt-4 may not only come from autocrine secretion of vascular endothelial cells, but also from paracrine secretion of tumor cells. The expression of Flt-4 is significantly associated with histopathological grades of astrocytoma.     

Expression and function of PTEN in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis

AIM: investigate the expression of PTEN gene in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: FLS were isolated from synovial tissue obtained from the patients with RA, osteoarthritis (OA) or joint trauma. The mRNA expression of PTEN was detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of PTEN, p-Akt (Thr308) and total Akt were determined by Western blotting. The phosphorylation status of Akt was analyzed by the protein ratio of p-Akt (Thr308)/total Akt.RESULTS: The mRNA expression of PTEN was significantly lower in RA-FLS than that in OA-FLS and joint trauma-FLS (P < 0.01), while no statistically significant difference was observed between that in OA-FLS and joint trauma-FLS (P < 0.05). Similarly, the protein expression of PTEN in the RA-FLS was much lower than that in the OA-FLS and joint trauma-FLS (P < 0.05), and there was no difference between the latter 2 groups. Moreover, the phosphorylation level of Akt (Thr308) in the RA-FLS was significantly higher than that in the other 2 control groups (P < 0.01), and that in OA-FLS was much lower than that in the joint trauma-FLS (P < 0.01). Finally, Pearson correlation analysis between the phosphorylation level of Akt (Thr308) and PTEN protein expression in the RA-FLSs showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.994 5, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: The mRNA and protein expression of PTEN are both decreased in the RA-FLS, which may contribute to the increased phosphorylation level of Akt (Thr308).     

Prognostic prediction of PTEN and Her-2 expression in breast cancer

AIM:To study the prognositic value of PTEN and Her-2 expression in primary breast cancer. METHODS:81 breast cancer specimens with 15 years follow-up were obtained from 1989 to 2004. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of PTEN and Her-2 in 81 paraffin-embedded specimens. The correlation between expression of PTEN and clinipathological factors was discussed with the Chi-square test. The survival rate analysis results were calculated with Kaplan-meier method.Long-rank test and Cox model by SPSS 10.0 software. 〖JP+1〗RESULTS:(1) PTEN expression significantly affects 5-year and 10-year survival rate of breast cancer (P<0.01 and P<0.05), and significantly negative correlation with the Her-2 expression was observed. (2) The patients with negative PTEN combined with positive Her-2 expression had worse prognosis. (3) Tumor sizes, postoperative therapy and PTEN expression had significant relation with the 5-year survival rate (P<0.05), and ER, Her2 and PTEN expression had significant relation with the 10-year survival rate (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:PTEN and Her-2 expression significantly affects 5-year and 10-year survival rate in patients with breast cancer, and may be biomarkers and important prognostic factors in breast cancer.