亚洲百合“普瑞头”叶片组织培养技术研究

以亚洲百合普瑞头组培苗的叶片为外植体,对其组织培养技术进行了研究。结果表明:不同激素组合对愈伤组织的诱导和分化效果差异显著,诱导叶片愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS+0.5mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L NAA+0.2mg/L KT+0.1mg/L 2,4-D,诱导率为73.3%;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基为MS+0.1mg/L TDZ+0.5mg/L NAA,生根效果最好的培养基为1/2MS+0.5mg/L NAA。     

防风愈伤组织培养研究

以防风为试材,研究不同外植体、激素组合对愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化的影响。结果表明:茎段是防风组织培养较为合适的外植体。茎段在添加2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率最高可达100%,叶片在添加2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率可达75%;继代后的愈伤组织转到6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L的MS分化培养基上进行分化,其分化率达72%。     

杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导初探

为筛选杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导的最适外植体和最佳培养基。以杜鹃红山茶叶片、叶柄、嫩茎为材料,研究了不同外植体类型、激素组合对杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,相较叶片、嫩茎,叶柄在愈伤诱导率及分化率上优于其他外植体。杜鹃红山茶愈伤诱导的最佳培养基为MS+2.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA,增殖培养基为MS+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+3.0mg/L6-BA+1.5mg/L IAA。该研究可为杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导提供科学依据。     

洋葱胚芽再生体系的研究

以洋葱胚芽为外植体材料,MS为基本培养基,研究了不同洋葱品种及不同激素组合对再生过程中洋葱愈伤组织诱导率的影响,建立洋葱胚芽再生体系。结果表明:"凤凰金球"洋葱品种愈伤诱导率最高;在4mg/L 2,4-D+1mg/L 6-BA的MS培养基上愈伤诱导率最高,为72.1%;在含1.0mg/L TDZ+0.5mg/L NAA的MS分化培养基上,愈伤分化率最高,为78.3%;在1/2MS+0.01mg/L NAA培养基上可诱导生根,生根率100%;再生苗驯化移栽成活率达到95%。     

柑桔胚乳培养体系的建立与优化

利用Minitab软件正交试验设计L9(33),以MS培养基,分别加入不同质量浓度的6-BA、2,4-D、对柑桔胚乳愈伤组织诱导;以MS培养基,分别加入不同质量浓度TDZ和NAA对愈伤组织诱导不定芽。结果表明:柑桔愈伤组织诱导最佳组合为6-BA1.0mg/L+2,4-D 0.2mg/L+sucrose 40g/L,愈伤组织诱导率可达30%;柑桔不定芽诱导最佳组合为TDZ 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+sucrose40g/L,不定芽诱导率可达35%。     

怀地黄花药培养影响因素的初步研究

以怀地黄花药为外植体,研究花药发育时期和激素对怀地黄花药愈伤组织诱导率和分化率的影响。结果表明:怀地黄花药在4℃条件下预处理3d后接种在含有2,4-D 2.0mg/L、6-BA 0.5mg/L和KT 2.0mg/L的MS培养基上对花药愈伤组织诱导最有利,而最适的愈伤组织分化培养基为MS+IAA 0.5mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L。     

南果梨不同外植体诱导黄色愈伤组织的影响因素

研究了南果梨不同外植体诱导黄色愈伤组织的最佳培养基.结果表明:以子房为外植体诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS 0.5 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L IAA 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D;以茎段为外植体诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS 2.5 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L IAA 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D;以叶片为外植体诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS 1.5 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L IAA 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D.     

“东方蜜一号”甜瓜组织培养与快速繁殖研究

选取"东方蜜一号"甜瓜的新生叶片为外植体,接种于含有不同激素配比的MS培养基中,诱导愈伤组织、不定芽与不定根的形成,比较不同激素浓度对外植体脱分化和再分化的影响。结果表明:"东方蜜一号"甜瓜叶片离体培养的最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D0.10mg/L+6-BA 1.50mg/L,诱导率达91%,最佳不定芽诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D 0.01mg/L+6-BA 1.50mg/L,平均不定芽个数为3.52个;最适生根诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D 0.05mg/L+NAA 0.20mg/L+IBA 0.60mg/L,生根率达85%。     

薰衣草叶片高频再生体系的建立

 以薰衣草叶片为外植体进行了离体再生研究。结果表明: 叶片愈伤组织诱导最佳的培养基是MS + 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L, 诱导率高达100%; 液体悬浮—固体培养芽分化率达92.5% , 芽数/愈伤组织达6.6; 正交试验筛选出芽增殖最佳培养基为MS +NAA 2.0 mg/L + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + IAA 1.0 mg/L, 其增殖系数高达8.7; 在芽增殖培养基上可直接生根, 生根率达100%。     

白三叶种子愈伤组织诱导及再生体系的建立

以白三叶成熟种子为外植体材料,探讨不同激素组合对愈伤组织诱导、植株分化以及植株生根的影响。结果表明:白三叶在MS+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L的培养基中愈伤组织诱导生长最好,在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L培养基上植株分化率最高达61.25%,在1/2MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L培养基上生根率达100%。     

朱顶红幼嫩花梗胚性愈伤组织诱导和高效植株再生

为建立高效的朱顶红植株再生和种苗繁育技术体系，以幼嫩花梗为外植体开展胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究。对2,4-D和噻苯隆（TDZ）浓度、外植体发育时期及大小进行了筛选，结果表明：将切片厚度为1 mm的幼嫩花梗外植体置于添加0.5 mg ? L-1 TDZ 和2.0 mg ? L-1 2,4-D的MS固体培养基上培养8周，胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高，达85.3%。将胚性愈伤组织转移至相同的培养基上，每月继代1次，平均每月增殖10.6倍。在不含任何生长调节剂的MS培养基上，胚性愈伤组织的植株再生率达98.0%，平均每块愈伤组织可再生出12.3个小植株。经过36次（3年）继代培养后，胚性愈伤组织的增殖和植株再生效率没有显著变化。幼苗移栽至温室驯化，成活率达97.5%。再生植株移栽到田间，没有发现明显的表型变异。对随机选择的再生植株和母株进行简单序列重复区间（ISSR）扩增分析，证实再生植株没有发生DNA水平变异。     

山杏下胚轴再生不定芽影响因子研究(英文)

山杏成熟种子在改良MS培养基上培养获得下胚轴,将其切段后培养在改良MS培养基+TDZ2.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L的再生培养基上,经15d的暗期培养后,其再生频率可达到37%以上。试验表明分裂素TDZ促进不定芽再生的效果优于6-BA,生长素NAA效果优于2,4-D,2-3周龄的下胚轴再生效果较好,但下胚轴的取材部位对再生无显著影响。     

春秋姜黄组培快繁技术研究

以春秋姜黄根茎腋芽为外植体,采用添加6-BA、NAA、TDZ不同浓度和不同组合的MS基本培养基,进行不定芽诱导、丛生芽继代增殖和生根、壮苗培养等研究,探索其组织培养和离体快繁技术的适宜条件。结果表明:MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L的培养基腋芽诱导率高达86.7%,且生长速度快;MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+TDZ 0.1mg/L最有利于芽增殖,继代3次后,增殖系数达14.1;MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L培养基的壮苗生根效果最好。试管苗长至6cm时移栽,成活率可达90%以上。     

崇庆枇杷茶组织培养初步研究

以崇庆枇杷茶的带芽茎段为试材,对外植体的消毒、愈伤的诱导、芽的启动和增殖进行了初步研究。结果表明:以培养室扦插苗的带芽茎段为材料,用多菌灵处理20min,0.1%升汞消毒10min后再用0.05%升汞消毒3min效果最好,其存活率可达88.5%;适合愈伤诱导的培养基为MS+1mg/L BA+0.5mg/L NAA,愈伤颜色鲜绿,质地较硬,转入MS+(1、2mg/L)TDZ中愈伤表面变为颗粒状;有利于芽启动的培养基为:MS+2mg/L BA+0.05mg/L IAA+0.5mg/LGA3,有利于芽增殖的培养基为MS+1mg/L TDZ+1mg/L GA3,2种培养基交叉培养有利于芽的增殖。     

Callus induction and plant regeneration from lateral shoots of herbaceous bamboo Mniochloa abersend

Callus induction and plant regeneration of Mniochloa abersend via lateral shoots were conducted in this study. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1.0 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was effective for compact callus induction. Remarkably, calli on the MS medium with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D yielded the highest folds of proliferation (8.01), and showed a high potential capacity to differentiate 1 year after subculture. In addition, the compact calli possessed 100% differentiation rate and generated more shoots that were green and strong in 1.0 mg/L kinetin and 1.0 mg/L NAA. Vigorous roots were generated in the 1/2MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid, and the resultant plantlets exhibited 90% survival rate after they were hardened and transplanted. The established regeneration system of M. abersend provides a promising platform for bamboo gene function study.     

勋章菊组培快繁技术研究

以勋章菊无菌苗叶片为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同浓度TDZ、2,4-D、IAA、IBA,研究不同浓度激素及组合对丛生芽诱导、试管苗生根的影响,并进行试管苗练苗和移栽.结果表明:最佳丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+TDZ 0.8mg/L+IBA(0.1～0.5)mg/L,诱导率达到90.0％以上.最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.2mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L,生根率达到100.0％.勋章菊的叶片是外植体的较好选择,在短期内能获得大量组培苗,移栽成活率也达到95％以上.     

Direct and callus-mediated regeneration of Curcuma soloensis Valeton (Zingiberaceae) and ex vitro performance of regenerated plants

Protocols are outlined for the regeneration of Curcuma soloensis, an attractive tropical ornamental plant, from young vegetative bud explants. We used both direct and callus-mediated regeneration techniques to produce material suitable for mass propagation and the development of transgenic plants. During direct plantlet propagation, the presence of thidiazuron (TDZ) in the growing medium induced more than three times as many shoots as 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), with a mean of 18.7 shoots per explant on MS medium containing 2.5 μM TDZ compared to 5.0 shoots with 40 μM BA. Subsequently, the shoots rooted readily on MS basal medium that was free of plant growth regulators. During indirect plantlet regeneration, TDZ combined with BA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) had significant effects on embryogenic callus induction and multiplication. The frequency of callus formation was 91.1% for explants cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, 2.0 μM BA and 1.2 μM 2,4-D. On average 7.1 shoots were produced per callus mass cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, 9.0 μM BA and 1.2 μM naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regenerated shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, to produce multiple shoots. In vitro cultured plantlets readily acclimatized to greenhouse conditions, showing 100% survival rates in a sphagnum, perlite and sand (1:1:1) medium. These plants were transplanted into pots or planted in the field. The ex vitro acclimated plants grew vigorously and produced showy inflorescences 5–6 months after planting. The high-frequency of shoot multiplication and rapid flowering of tissue-cultured plants indicate that C. soloensis has great potential in the floricultural market.     

Development of a regeneration protocol through indirect organogenesis in prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill)

An indirect organogenesis regeneration protocol for Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill var “Blanco sin Espinas” is described. One centimeter square cladode explants sections from previously micropropagated prickly pear plants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 20 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyladenine (BA). The best calli induction and regeneration response were observed when 2.26 μM 2,4-D and 2.21 μM BA combination was applied to the nopal explants. Regenerating calli was capable of forming new buds when transferred to MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 μM BA (proliferation medium). Shoot elongation and rooting were achieved on MS medium without plant growth regulators. Excellent acclimatization to greenhouse conditions was observed for all transferred plantlets. By this procedure no morphological differences were observed between the regenerated and mother plants. This protocol may be also utilized to carry out plant regeneration after genetic transformation, in order to develop transformed plants without the presence of chimeric zones.     

白鹤芋胚性细胞悬浮培养和高效植株再生体系的建立

以白鹤芋（Spathiphyllum cannifolium）试管苗叶柄为外植体诱导获得胚性愈伤组织,建立了胚性细胞悬浮培养系并高频率再生出植株。结果表明,最优的悬浮培养条件为：装有20 mL液体培养基的100 mL三角瓶中接种0.3 g胚性细胞团,悬浮培养基为MS + 0.5 mg ? L-1 TDZ + 1.0 mg ? L-1 2,4-D + 30 g ? L-1蔗糖或麦芽糖,pH 5.8;继代间隔14 d;每个继代周期,胚性细胞团可增殖至接种量的5倍以上;植株再生最优的分化培养基为1/2MS + 0.3 mg ? L-1 6-BA + 30 g ? L-1蔗糖 + 8.0 g ? L-1琼脂粉,pH 5.8,平均每个胚性细胞团可分化再生出25.1株小植株;胚性细胞的快速增殖和高频率植株再生的状态可保持24周。