金属离子对花椒毒酚结合牛血清白蛋白体系的影响

运用荧光猝灭光谱(FS)、圆二色光谱(CD)研究了花椒毒酚(XAL)对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用以及不同金属离子对XAL-BSA体系的影响。在290、297和304 K的温度下扫描XAL-BSA体系荧光光谱,采用Stern-Volmer方程计算得到各相应温度下XAL对BSA的猝灭速率常数(kq)分别为6.316×10~(13)、4.402×10~(13)和3.554×10~(13)L/(mol·s)。研究结果表明:XAL能够猝灭BSA的荧光强度,且猝灭机理为XAL与BSA形成复合物的静态猝灭。在297 K温度下,XAL与BSA的结合常数为3.47×105L/mol,加入金属离子后对XAL与BSA的结合常数均有不同程度的影响。F9ster偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移理论得出:BSA中色氨酸残基与XAL的作用距离(r)为5.29 nm,当加入金属离子后,BSA中色氨酸残基分别与XAL的r均不同程度的降低。圆二色光谱(CD)表明XAL与BSA相互作用后改变了BSA的二级结构,α-螺旋结构的百分比减少,当加入金属离子后,进一步诱导BSA的二级结构变化,α-螺旋结构的百分比进一步减少。     

EGCG-Cu络合物与牛血清蛋白相互作用研究

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)为茶叶中主要活性成分之一,具有抑制细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤血管生成等多种生理活性功能。EGCG能够与蛋白质及金属离子形成络合物,从而影响其各种生理活性功能。笔者利用荧光猝灭法分别研究了EGCG及其Cu(Ⅱ)络合物(EGCG-Cu)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,并分析了Cu(Ⅱ)的存在对EGCG与BSA相互作用的影响。利用Stern-Volmer曲线分析了EGCG及其Cu(Ⅱ)络合物分别与BSA络合反应中不同的荧光猝灭机理,采用Stern-Volmer方程及不同Stern-Volmer修正方程计算得到3种不同反应体系中EGCG与BSA相互作用的结合常数。结果表明:随EGCG和EGCG-Cu络合物样品浓度的增加,BSA出现典型的荧光猝灭现象,表明EGCG和EGCG-Cu络合物均与BSA发生了相互作用。反应溶液中Cu(Ⅱ)的存在会改变EGCG与BSA的相互作用形式,并降低EGCG与BSA相互作用的结合常数。此外,EGCG与Cu(Ⅱ)络合后能够提高EGCG与BSA之间的结合常数。研究结果可为深入分析EGCG在体内的各种生理活性功能提供参考。     

金属离子对豆腐果苷与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的影响

在模拟人体生理环境的条件下,运用荧光光谱法研究了豆腐果苷(HLD)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,以及不同金属离子的加入对HLD-BSA体系产生的影响。研究结果表明:HLD与BSA发生了静态猝灭,形成了稳定的化合物。通过Stern-Volmer方程计算可知,HLD与BSA在293、298和303 K的猝灭常数分别为6.316、5.147和4.040×10¹² L/(mol·s),结合常数分别为9.10×10~5、7.76×10~5和4.97×10~5 L/mol。非辐射能量转移Föster理论分析表明:BSA中色氨酸残基与HLD的作用距离(r)为4.79 nm,当加入金属离子后,r值均有不同程度的降低;热力学分析表明:HLD和BSA之间的作用力以氢键和范德华力为主。运用圆二色光谱研究了HLD和金属离子的加入对BSA二级结构的影响,结果表明:HLD的加入导致了BSA的α-螺旋结构百分比的下降,金属离子的存在进一步诱导了BSA二级结构的变化,BSA的α-螺旋结构百分比明显下降。     

熊果酸与血清白蛋白的结合反应机制研究

采用荧光光谱法研究牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和人血清白蛋白(HSA)与熊果酸(UA)分子之间的结合作用机制。基于荧光猝灭法测定反应的结合常数(K)分别为:KUA-BSA=0.335 7×105L/mol,KUA-HSA=0.244 3×105L/mol,依据F嵀rster非辐射能量转移机制确定授体-受体间的结合距离(r)及能量转移效率(E)分别为:rUA-BSA=0.73 nm,rUA-HSA=0.88 nm,EUA-BSA=0.17,EUA-HSA=0.18;通过同步荧光技术确认熊果酸结合血清白蛋白反应过程中对其构象的影响并不显著,应用荧光相图技术解析得出血清白蛋白与熊果酸结合反应中蛋白质折叠变化型态为"二态"模型。此外,探讨金属离子Ni(Ⅱ)存在下熊果酸与血清白蛋白的结合反应,得到相互作用机制具有一定差别的结论。     

茄尼醇与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

在模拟人体生理备件下,研究了茄尼醇与牛血清白蛋白( BSA)的相互作用.采用荧光及紫外吸收法测定了茄尼醇对牛血清白蛋白的粹灭常数、结合常数、结合位点、结合距离及热力学参数.结果表明,当温度为25和37℃时,茄尼醇对牛血清白蛋白的猝灭常数分别为1.76×10 7和2.7×107 mol/L,结合常数(KA)分别为1.54...     

脱氢枞基苯并咪唑希夫碱和酰腙衍生物与DNA作用的比较研究

合成了脱氢枞胺和脱氢枞酸的衍生物脱氢枞基-1-甲基苯并咪唑希夫碱(1)和脱氢枞基-1-甲基苯并咪唑酰腙(2),并通过红外、质谱、元素分析和核磁等方法对其进行了表征。运用荧光光谱,黏度分析和图二色(CD)光谱等方法研究了化合物1、2和鲑鱼精DNA的相互作用,在荧光光谱中,通过在DNA-溴化乙锭(EB)体系中加入不同浓度的1和2,随着化合物浓度的增加,DNA-EB体系的荧光强度发生了明显的猝灭效应,由此推测化合物可能与EB一样插入到了DNA的碱基对中,再根据Stern-Volmer方程分析得出,化合物1与DNA作用强于2;黏度分析中,随着化合物1和2浓度的增加,DNA的黏度逐渐增加,且化合物1增加的幅度大于2;CD光谱中,相同浓度的不同化合物使DNA的CD信号的改变量不同,并且化合物1对DNA构型的影响要强于2,三者的实验结果均表明化合物以插入作用的方式与DNA作用。凝胶电泳实验表明,在抗坏血酸(Vc)存在的条件下,化合物1和2均能够对PBR322 DNA质粒进行单股切割,在Vc不存在的条件下,1能够对DNA质粒进行单股切割。结果表明:化合物1具有更强的与DNA作用的能力。     

脱氢枞胺及其Schiff碱衍生物与DNA作用的研究

合成了N-(2-亚甲基吡啶)脱氢枞胺Schiff碱(L2)及其还原产物(L3),利用元素分析、红外、核磁、质谱进行了表征.通过紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱、圆二色谱和黏度分析的方法研究了脱氢枞胺、Schiff碱及还原Schiff碱与鲑鱼精DNA的作用,结果表明3个化合物均以插入的模式与DNA作用,且Schiff碱与DNA的结合能力最强.     

美国山核桃无性系叶绿素的荧光特性

研究了12个不同品种美国山核桃无性系嫁接苗的叶绿素荧光特性.结果表明:不同品种间的初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、PS II原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、PS II潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)均存在显著或极显著差异;光合量子产额(Y ield)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)未达显著差异.初步聚类分析表明,不同无性系嫁接苗中的所有西部品种和国内优系金华1号具有较好的光合性能.     

荧光猝灭法测定高粱原花青素-金属离子络合反应

原花青素是一种广泛存在于高等植物中具有生物活性的多酚类化合物,络合金属离子是原花青素的基本特性之一,不管是低聚体原花青素还是高聚体原花青素均能够络合金属离子。笔者研究利用金属离子与原花青素酚羟基的络合反应导致的原花青素(PC)荧光猝灭作用,研究高粱原花青素与金属离子的络合反应。移取2 900μL醋酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 6)于1 cm石英池中,加入100μL浓度为05 mmol/L高粱原花青素溶液,再逐次加入浓度为05 mmol/L金属离子(Al~(3+)、Cu~(2+)、Sn~(2+)和Zn~(2+))溶液进行荧光滴定反应,每次加入金属离子溶液量为1μL,金属离子加入总量为10μL。记录原花青素的荧光强度衰变曲线,利用Stern-Volmer荧光猝灭方程计算得到4种金属离子Al3+、Cu~(2+)、Sn~(2+)、Zn~(2+)分别与PC络合常数为135,032,144和029(×10~6L/mol)。利用Jobs法测定得到4种金属离子Al~(3+)、Cu~(2+)、Sn~(2+)和Zn~(2+)与PC形成的金属离子-PC络合物化学计量比(mol∶mol)分别为1∶2,1∶2,1∶1和1∶2。此次对金属离子-PC络合反应定量关系的研究将有助于更好地了解原花青素的生理学功能。     

模拟酸雨对假俭草叶绿素荧光特性的影响

研究模拟酸雨(pH 2.5、pH 3.0)对假俭草叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:酸雨6 h胁迫引起假俭草PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/F0)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、PSⅡ电子传递量子产率(ФPSⅡ)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)下降,pH 2.5处理比pH 3.0处理的下降幅度大;酸雨处理停止24 h后, Fv/Fm、Fv/F0、qP、ФPSⅡ、ETR、NPQ回升;酸雨处理停止48 h后,回升至接近对照.研究还表明,利用非损伤的叶绿素荧光技术可快速检测草对环境因子变化的响应.     

The protection of 4,4′-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl) carbamate from Cortex Mori on advanced glycation end product-induced endothelial dysfunction: Via inhibiting AGE formation or blocking AGEs–RAGE axis?

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications. Our previous study found that a novel compound 4,4′-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl) carbamate (CM1) from Cortex Mori (Morus alba L.) could attenuate AGE-induced endothelial dysfunction. The present study was conducted to explore the possible protective mechanisms of CM1 on AGE-induced endothelium damage. In binding experiments, fluorescence quenching and fluorescence polarization assays showed no significant difference or changes of AGEs on fluorescence intensity and polarization in the absence/presence of CM1. In AGE formation experiments, CM1 was incubated with AGE precursor compounds methylglyoxal (MGO), glyceraldehydes (Glycer) and glycolaldehyde (Glycol) in the formation system. However, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed no new conjugated compounds formed in the reaction system. The results of ELISA analysis also showed that CM1 did not inhibit the AGE formation. However, the pretreatment with CM1 could significantly decrease AGE or high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1, a ligand of RAGE)-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results suggested that CM1 might block the AGEs–RAGE signal transduction rather than inhibit AGE formation or bind to AGEs and change its structure to prevent endothelial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications.     

CdTe量子点作探针共振瑞利散射法测定鲑精蛋白

以巯基乙酸(thioglycolic acid,TGA)为稳定剂,在水相中合成水溶性的碲化镉量子点(CdTe QDs),采用荧光光谱、共振瑞利散射光谱法研究了CdTe QDs与鲑精蛋白(Salmine,Sal)的相互作用,研究结果表明:在pH=8的弱碱条件下,带负电的CdTe QDs与带正电的Sal通过静电引力及疏水作用力结合,形成粒径较大的结合物,这种结合物的形成导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强,同时CdTe QDs的荧光猝灭,在优化的实验条件下,散射光强度(ΔI)与Sal浓度呈现良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.016～2.4μg/mL,相关系数为0.9969,检出限为5.00ng/mL,研究了最佳反应条件和共存物质的影响,据此建立了一种以CdTe QDs作探针,RRS法测定Sal的新方法,同时讨论了CdTe QDs与Sal作用机理。     

Meroterpenes and azaphilones from marine mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium 303#

Three new metabolites (compounds 1–2 and 6), one azaphilone, and two meroterpenes, together with eleven known compounds have been isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus, Penicillium 303#. Structure elucidation was achieved by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Cytotoxic activities of new compounds 1–2 and 6 and compound 7were evaluated in vitro against human cancer lines MDA-MB-435, HepG2, HCT-116, and A549. Those compounds showed weak to moderate cytotoxic activities.     

低温胁迫下梁山慈竹体细胞突变体植株叶绿素荧光响应

以冷驯化的两种梁山慈竹(Dendrocalamus farinosus)体细胞突变体植株及梁山慈竹实生植株为材料,研究了梯度降温处理(依次为4、0、?5、?10和?15℃)对其叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,实生植株在?5℃胁迫下死亡,而突变体植株No.101-1b和No.101-1c直到?15℃胁迫下才出现死亡。低温胁迫后,突变体植株和实生植株的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光系统Ⅱ有效光量子产量(YⅡ)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)均有降低,下降幅度排序为实生植株>No.101-1b>No.101-1c。非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)显著高于胁迫前,以No.101-1c表现最为突出。品系和温度2个因素及两者交互作用对叶绿素荧光的影响均达到显著水平。总结得出,突变体植株No.101-1c具有较高的耐寒性,本研究可为耐寒梁山慈竹体细胞突变体植株的筛选提供科学依据。     

Quenching analysis in poplar clones exposed to ozone

Effects of ozone (O(3)) on photo-inhibition of photosynthesis were investigated in two poplar clones (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. x maximowiczii A. Henry clone Eridano, O(3)-sensitive, and P. x euramericana (Dode) Guinier clone I-214, O(3)-resistant) by using pulse amplitude modulation chlorophyll fluorescence. After a 15-day exposure to O(3) at 60 nl l(-1) for 5 h day(-1), the effective photosynthetic quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII), as indicated by the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, significantly declined in both young and mature leaves of the two clones. Compared with control samples, mature leaves of both clones showed differences in fluorescence quenching and quantum yield of PSII when exposed to ozone fumigation. We conclude that photo-inhibition is caused by transformation of active reaction centers to photochemically inactive centers that dissipate excitation energy into heat, thus causing non-photochemical fluorescence quenching. The changes observed in chlorophyll a fluorescence of O(3)-treated young leaves in both clones are consistent with O(3) having a negligible effect on photosynthetic performance, but inducing a premature decrease in chlorophyll a concentration. A possible role of O(3) pollution on chlorophyll fluorescence yield is discussed.     

Three new phenolic compounds from the roots of Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis

Three new phenolic compounds (1–3), together with 16 known compounds (4–19), were isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis Cheng f. et L. K. Dai. On the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic analysis, structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2-(2′-methoxy-4′-hydroxy)-aryl-3-methy-6-hydroxy-benzofuran (1), (2S)-6,7-(2,2-dimethyldihydropyrano)-8-prenyl-4′-hydroxyflavanone (2), and 6-prenyl-7,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone (3). Compounds 1, 3, 5, 12, 14, 15 and 16 showed antioxidant activity by an ABTS-based assay.     

A new polysaccharide from leaf of Ginkgo biloba L

A water-soluble polysaccharide, GPB, was obtained from leaf of Ginkgo biloba L by hot water extraction followed by precipitation with ethanol and fractionation with gel chromatography. The results of HPLC with TSK-GEL column and gel filtration chromatography with Sepharose CL-6B analysis indicated GPB was uniform in polarity and its molecular weight (MW) was about 10 kDa. The structure of GPB was analysed using chemical methods, IR spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. GPB has a high branched structure with polygalactose as core part of backbone. The repeating unit of polygalactose consists of 1,6-linked Galactose (Gal) and 1,3,6-linked Gal.     

用隶属函数值法对10个沙棘品种抗旱性的综合评价

在水分胁迫条件下,对10个不同沙棘品种抗旱性评价的指标进行了研究,通过测定10个不同沙棘品种的光合速率,水分利用效率,枝条生长量,叶绿素含量,叶片含水量,电解质外渗百分率,荧光参数Fv/Fm等生理指标,对10个不同沙棘品种的抗旱隶属函数值进行计算,通过综合隶属函数值评定的抗旱性强弱顺序为:杂雄优01>丰宁无刺雄>乌兰沙林>杂雌优12>37号雄>阿列伊雄>橙色>太阳>21号雄>浑金。同时表明,抗旱性是一个综合指标。     

Two novel dimeric indole alkaloids from the leaves and twigs of Psychotria henryi

Two novel dimeric indole alkaloids were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Psychotria henryi. Their structures were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 was a novel dimeric tryptamine-related alkaloid that contained an unprecedented decacyclic ring system, and compound 2 featured a pyrido[3,4-b]indole moiety adjacent to a pyrrolidinoindole skeleton. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by calculation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) using density functional theory (DFT).