高保护价值森林理论研究和应用现状及发展趋势

文中简述了高保护价值森林概念提出的背景及其主要理论基础, 总结了高保护价值森林理论在森林经营与认证、人工林规划和经营、景观规划及自然保护规划、林产品采购和林业项目投资等领域的应用现状, 并分析了高保护价值森林理论应用面临的挑战及未来发展前景。     

高保护价值森林的判定标准研究进展

高保护价值森林（HCVF）首次是在1999年森林管理委员会（FSC）上提出的,它作为森林认证的原则之一,包含了6种高保护价值,涵盖了生物多样性、生态服务价值和社会与文化价值3个方面。本文主要从高保护价值森林的定义、评判标准、及其经营措施等几个方面展开论述,旨在促进森林可持续性经营的积极开展。     

高保护价值森林与生态公益林区划比较研究

高保护价值森林理论已在我国林业相关部门受到广泛关注, 但只有少数森林经营单位实际开展了高保护价值森林区划判定工作。由于我国关于高保护价值森林的判定标准还没有量化指标, 使得大多数森林经营单位无法得出确切的区划结果。文中介绍了高保护价值森林与生态公益林的概念, 从判定标准、区划方法和应用范围3个方面比较了高保护价值森林与生态公益林之间的异同点, 并以我国4个森林经营单位作为案例分析, 对我国建立高保护价值森林区划体系提出建议, 以期推动高保护价值森林在我国的发展。     

高保护价值森林认证及经营措施

论述了高保护价值森林产生的背景、高保护价值森林的认证目的及其高保护价值森林的内涵;阐述了高保护价值森林的经营措施。     

森林经营单位的高保护价值森林判定与监测研究

高保护价值森林的判定与监测,是编制森林经营方案和森林认证的基础工作。探讨了森林经营单位高保护价值森林的判定标准和方法,提出了可行的监测体系。通过珲春林业有限公司的试点,结果表明,该方法具有可操作性,可为东北地区森林经营单位的高保护价值森林判定和监测提供借鉴。     

国外高保护价值森林判定的进展与启示

高保护价值森林的概念是由国际组织——森林管理委员会(FSC)提出的.FSC在其制定的森林可持续经营认证标准中首先定义了6种高保护价值.高保护价值森林是指具有一种或多种高保护价值的森林区域.高保护价值森林判定的核心在于高保护价值的识别.文中综述了近年来一些国家在高保护价值森林判定领域的进展, 评价和论述了部分国家在开展高保护价值森林判定方面的有益经验和存在的主要问题, 提出了我国开展高保护价值森林判定工作的一些启示.     

高保护价值森林与公益林比较分析

高保护价值森林概念自提出以来受到了广泛的关注与研究,并在我国森林可持续经营体系中得到认可和应用。文中从高保护价值森林和公益林两者所涉及概念的范围、特征和经营原则3个方面进行了全面系统的分析比较。认为在范围上,两者关注层面和对象有所区别;在特征上,两者的推动者和补偿者截然不同;在经营原则上,两者可以互为补充。通过对高保护价值森林和公益林概念与经营原则的比较研究,肯定了高保护价值森林概念对于完善我国公益林经营管理模式的意义,对于我国创新经营发展思路、提高经营水平具有一定的指导意义和较高的参考价值,并在其两者之间探索了一条相互融通的渠道。     

高保护价值森林的保护与分类经营

随着森林认证工作在我国的陆续开展,高保护价值森林越来越受到人们的重视。高保护价值森林是可持续经营的重要内容,应对其进行合理的保护与科学的经营。在综述高保护价值森林的内涵的基础上,分别阐述了6种类型高保护价值森林的判定标准以及部分可评定区域。根据高保护价值森林的实际情况,从规划、国家政策、地方法规、科技支撑等宏观层面提出了保护建议。分析了6种类型高保护价值森林存在的经营管护问题,并提出相应的经营管理建议,为高保护价值森林经营提供参考。     

大海林林业局高保护价值森林判定方法与标准的研究

高保护价值森林是指由于具有很高的环境、社会、经济、生物多样性或景观价值而具有显著和关键重要性的森林。高保护价值森林的判定需要按照一定的方法和原则标准进行,且具有尝试和示范的性质。确认高保护价值森林,其目的是使森林经营更符合高保护价值森林保护经营和森林认证的需要。为科学准确的搞好大海林业局高保护价值森林的判定工作,我们根据大海林林业局实际,在深入调研、广泛论证的基础上,制定了高保护价值森林判定标准和判定方法。     

FSC森林经营认证的启示和思考——基于对4家森林认证单位的森林经营方案和认证报告的分析

对4家森林认证管理委员会(FSC)认证单位的森林经营方案和森林认证报告进行分析研究,总结开展森林经营认证的特点:经营目标多样性;重视环境和社会影响评价;关注高保护价值森林;森林监测全面深入。对国内开展森林认证存在的问题进行思考:经营目标单一,且分解过细;未开展环境和社会影响评价;对高保护价值森林关注不够;对森林监测不全面。藉此,提出了相应对策。     

淳安县景观高保护价值森林判定

高保护价值森林（HCVF）是森林管理委员会（FSC）提出的,它作为森林认证的原则之一,可极大地促进森林可持续经营。文章参考国内有关HCVF的最新研究成果,根据淳安县森林资源现状,结合各专项规划和研究,运用WWF制定的判定工具对景观HCVF进行判定。研究结果：（1）淳安景观HCVF区域土地总面积150400hm^2,其中林业用地面积87733．33hm^2,占58．33％;水域面积56266．67hm^2,占37．41％;非林业用地面积6400hm^2,占4．26％。（2）淳安景观HCVF判定面积87733．33hm^2,占研究区域林业用地面积的24．47％。     

东北内蒙古国有林区实施森林可持续经营认证的几点建议

根据东北及内蒙古重点国有林区的实际情况和该地区的森林认证实践，就本区域实施森林可持续经营认证提出几点建议。认为把森林可持续经营认证和林产品产销监管链认证结合起来，对于强化森工企业的可持续经营、提高资源利用率、增加产品附加值具有重要意义。     

Balancing the Realization of Ecological,Economic and Social Values of Forests for Sustainable Forest Management

Forests provide multiple ecological,economic and social benefits.A truly sustainable forest management should lead to a balanced realization of these forest values.This paper categorizes the forest resources as appreciating resources and depreciating resources in accordance with the specific form of forest values,and defines them conceptually in regard to the contrasting and competitive nature of these values.Necessary theoretic discussions were then made for the feasibility and operability in terms of t...     

城市森林经营方案编制提纲

通过对国内外城市森林建设和理论研究实践的分析,论述了城市森林经营方案编制的重要性和必要性,提出城市森林经营方案编制的指导思想、基本原则和重要内容,着重介绍了城市森林经营方案编制的几个关键技术和对策措施。       

关于森林价值平衡实现的构想

森林具有生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。森林"三大"效益的价值形态表现就是森林的生态价值、经济价值和社会价值。森林价值的平衡实现是森林可持续经营和林业实现可持续发展所追求的目标。文中根据森林价值表现形态把林木资源区分为"增值资源"和"贬值资源"并给出了概念, 对森林价值平衡实现的矛盾性、可行性和可操作性进行了必要的理论探讨, 对其实现的途径、方法进行了探索。     

Forest owner is more than her goal: a qualitative typology of Lithuanian owners

In contrast to quantitative surveys up to date, this study employs in-depth interviews and qualitative analyses aiming to provide detailed contextualized portrayals of private forest owners (PFOs) in Lithuania, where forest ownership underwent crucial changes in the last two decades. We scrutinized narrations of 18 owners, focusing on the background and goals of forest possession, actually applied management practices and informants' future plans. Content analysis of the narrations revealed three classes of goals: ideational rationale, i.e. immaterial justification for owning and managing forest, financial goals referring to monetary benefits from selling forest products and own material use for household needs. Reported practices differ widely among PFOs, ranging from largely absent management to intensive silvicultural regimes. Syntheses of each informant's goals and practices enabled discerning four types of PFOs. Forest Businessmen typically own largest estates (>100 ha) and regard forest as an investment to get long-term financial benefits; they resort to forest management for timber and often intend to enlarge their possessions. Household Foresters primarily use timber for own needs, regularly applying selective tree cutting; such forestry results in frequent but small-scale management interventions. Passive Forest Lovers aspire for recreational or environmental values, being largely uninterested in timber harvesting. Ad Hoc Owners usually are small scale, have vague goals and rarely engage in forest management. The study concludes with discussing policy implications of the identified diversity of PFOs.     

Explaining gender differences in private forest risk management

In many countries, lower levels of forest management activities have been observed among female forest owners compared to male owners. The present study examined potential explanations for gender differences in private forest risk management among forest owners in Sweden (n?=?1482) using a questionnaire. Results from this study confirmed a slightly lower level of forest risk management among female owners in proactively combating damage caused by climate change and animal browsing when compared to their male counterparts. Further gender differences were revealed on a structural level. For example, female owners displayed higher levels of education and were more often non-resident owners and urban owners, as compared to their male counterparts. In addition, female and male owners differed regarding social-psychological variables (e.g. forest values and threat and coping appraisals). However the greatest gender difference was found in involvement in forest planning and forestry work. Even though gender differences were evident on multiple levels, involvement in forest issues and forest planning were found to be most important for explaining gender differences in forest risk management. By disentangling predictors of gender differences in private forest risk management, this study may contribute to a more strategic gender approach to forest risk governance.     

Sustainable forest management as an approach to regional development in the Russian Federation: State and trends in Kovdozersky Model Forest in the Barents region

Abstract

The Russian forest sector is under transformation, and the Model Forest (MF) concept is used as an innovative approach to regional sustainable development based on forest goods, ecosystem services and values. This study evaluates the development of the MF concept in north-west Russia's Barents region, using Kovdozersky MF in Murmansk region as a case study. This report (1) describe the main historical phases of forest use, (2) summarizes the state and trends of the economic, ecological and sociocultural situation, (3) explores reasons for establishing the MF, and (4) evaluates the main steps towards implementation of the MF concept. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. Actors were identified and interviewed to understand the process of MF development. Statistic data were collected and analyzed. The main goal of this MF is to support development through participatory collaboration regarding (1) balancing needs and interests among actors and stakeholders, (2) implementation of sustainable forest management, (3) encouraging the development of ecotourism and bioenergy production in the area, and (4) increasing public awareness with respect to sustainable forest management. Potential challenges for the MF partnership include: (1) domination by partners from the traditional forest sector, with their potentially more narrow needs and interests in the partnership development, and (2) disparity in sharing responsibilities and power between regional and local levels in MF management.     

云南省集体林权制度改革结束后林地经营管理存在的问题及建议

集体林权制度改革的目标是实现资源增长、农民增收、生态良好与林区和谐。能否科学、合理、有效地经营管理林地决定了集体林权制度改革的成败。本文针对云南省集体林权制度改革结束后林地经营管理存在的问题提出了建议。