RAPD analysis on genomic DNA of male and female plants ofAcer negundo L

Genomic DNAs were isolated from both male and female plants ofAcer negundo L., by modified CTAB method of Doyle and Doyle for plant genomic DNA isolation and consequently tested with RAPD technique. Some sex-related specific oxyribonucleic acid bands were amplified by a group of decamer oligonucleotide random primers. This indicated that some genetic marks related to sexes of the species were found, which laid a foundation for sapling sex identification ofAcer negundo L. Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

复叶槭FtsZ基因的克隆、RNA干扰载体的构建及其在烟草中瞬时表达

利用简并引物RT—PCR,克隆复叶槭FtsZ基因的cDNA序列,利用马铃薯X组病毒载体pgR107,构建RNA干扰重组病毒载体pVX—AnFtsZi,并转化农杆菌GV3101（含辅助质粒pJICSa—rep）侵染烟草。40d后,检测烟草内源FtsZ基因的表达量。研究结果表明：从复叶槭中克隆到的569bpFtsZ基因cDNA片段,具有FtsZ蛋白的核心功能序列GGGTGSG。构建的hpRNA型RNA干扰载体抑制了FtsZ基因的表达。为培育槭树类彩叶新品种奠定分子理论基础。     

干旱胁迫下复叶槭挥发物在7月和8月的变化(英文)

1999年 7月和 8月对干旱胁迫下 3年生复叶槭幼苗挥发物进行了检测 .7月检测出 10种挥发物 (丁醇、戊醇、Z 3 己烯 1 醇、E 2 己烯 1 醛、戊醛、戊酸、己醛、己酸、苯乙酮和长叶烯 )明显受干旱的影响 .除长叶烯外 ,其他化合物释放量随干旱程度的增加而增加 .复水后 ,除长叶烯外其他化合物释放量都下降 .在 8月份 ,没有发现上述挥发物与干旱之间的相关性 .但是 ,另外 7种物质受干旱影响较大(包括环己基异硫氰酸酯、肉桂腈、苯酚、萘、庚醛、长叶烯、苯丙噻唑 ) .这些物质在干旱条件下释放量下降而复水后大部分物质升高     

6个复叶槭品种间亲缘关系的RAPD分析

采用RAPD法对复叶槭5个品种及1个芽变品种进行基因组DNA多态性分析,从300个引物中筛选出具有丰富多态性的20个10bp的随机引物,这20个引物共扩增出170个DNA片段,片段大小在200bp～2800bp之间,其中多态性谱带为112条,多态率为65.88%,表现出较为丰富的RAPD多态性;利用UPGMA进行遗传距离计算的结果表明,6个复叶槭品种间的亲缘关系和遗传距离均有较大差异.     

马尾松、糖槭种子成分分析和利用

分析了马尾松 (PinusmassonianaL .)和糖槭 (AcernegundoL .)种子的化学成分。试验结果表明 :(1)不同树种及同一树种不同部位的化学成分含量不同 ;(2 )马尾松种子贮藏物质以脂肪为主 ,蛋白质次之 ;(3)糖槭种子以蛋白质为主 ,脂肪次之 ;(4 ) 2树种油脂中均以不饱和脂肪酸 (油酸、亚油酸 )为主 ;蛋白质组成主要以谷氨酸、精氨酸、天门冬氨酸、亮氨酸为主 ;(5) 2树种种子中含有丰富的VE,并有一定的营养价值     

三种槭树叶的组织结构与抗虫性的关系

为了研究槭树叶的组织结构与抗虫性的关系,采用石蜡切片的方法,对复叶槭、五角枫和挪威槭3种槭树叶的组织结构进行了比较研究。数据分析结果表明:3种槭树科植物的叶片总厚度、叶片表皮气孔密度和栅栏组织密度的大小排列顺序均为:复叶槭<五角枫<挪威槭,方差分析结果表明这3项指标均差异显著,且大小排列顺序与植物的抗虫性顺序是一致的。而叶柄木质部与韧皮部厚度比值大小排列顺序为:挪威槭<五角枫<复叶槭,方差分析结果表明此指标差异极显著,且大小排列顺序与植物的抗虫性顺序是相反的。此外,3种槭树科植物叶片表皮及主脉韧皮部中的内含物与植物的抗虫性也可能存在某种联系。     

包头市外来园林树种对水分胁迫的适应性研究

对包头市14种外来园林树种的光合速率、气孔导度和水分状况测定研究表明:净光合速率水势补偿点和气孔导度变化临界点水势可作为评价树木对水分胁迫适应性的指标。应用净光合速率水势补偿点、气孔导度变化临界点水势、初始失膨点总体渗透势3个耐旱性指标对14个树种进行聚类分析,结果树种可分为5组,耐旱性由强到弱依次为:金山绣线菊;金焰绣线菊、水蜡、金叶复叶槭、金叶山梅花;金叶风箱果、紫叶矮樱、金边复叶槭、花叶复叶槭;金叶裂叶接骨木、紫叶锦带、金叶莸、花叶锦带;红王子锦带。     

修剪不当对圆冠榆冠形的影响及恢复

圆冠榆以其独特优美的球体冠形在城市绿化中受到越来越多的青睐,但往往由于修剪不当而使其自然优美的冠形受到破坏。文章提出了以保护圆冠榆自然冠形为目的的合理修剪方法。       

几种乔木绿化树种抗寒性比较

本试验以银杏、悬铃木、香花槐、金叶复叶槭和玉兰等5种乔木绿化树种的一年生休眠枝条为试材,通过五个梯度的低温处理(-10℃、-15℃、-20℃、-25℃、-30℃),测定丙二醛、可溶性糖与脯氨酸含量和电导率,研究低温胁迫对这几种乔木绿化树种抗寒性的影响。结果表明:不同树种之间抗寒性存在差异性,5种绿化树种的抗寒性由强到弱的顺序为:悬铃木 > 香花槐 > 玉兰 > 银杏 > 金叶复叶槭。       

宁夏黄河护岸林抗天牛造林试验研究

对几种结构模式的抗天牛防护林进行了试验研究 ,得出 :树种混交是营造黄河护岸林的关键性措施 ;杨树的生长量最大 ,是主要造林树种 ;糖槭对天牛有较强的诱惑作用 ;臭椿是抗天牛树种 ,但是对天牛的驱避作用不明显 ,与杨树混交时应采取团状或行间混交     

十一种槭属植物遗传多样性AFLP分析

采用了AFLP技术分析了槭属十一种植物的遗传多样性,从12对AFLP引物中筛选出5对多态性高、分辨率清晰的引物,其中选择最优的3个引物组合分别扩增出101、163、178条多态性带。三对引物(E ACG/M CAG、E ACA/M CAT、E AAC/M CAC)共扩增出484条带。分析结果按UPGMA类平均法进行聚类,聚类结果显示将11种械属植物聚为I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三大类,其中羊角槭和栓皮槭,长尾秀丽槭和毛脉槭,复叶槭与剑叶槭之间的亲缘关系最近。     

彩色树种引种栽培试验

通过对试验的20个彩色树(品)种进行驯化栽培,结果表明:可以在长白山区应用的有17个,其中:外来彩色树(品)种10个,分别是中华金叶榆、金山绣线菊、金焰绣线菊、俄罗斯红叶李、王族海棠、钻石海棠、紫叶风箱果、金叶风箱果、紫叶稠李、金叶复叶槭;乡土野生彩色树种7个,分别是假色槭、茶条槭、白牛槭、拧筋槭、花楸、长白忍冬、接骨木。暂时不宜应用的有3个,分别是金叶红瑞木、金叶莸和金叶连翘。     

Response of five temperate deciduous tree species to water stress

Gas exchange, tissue water relations, and leaf/root dry weight ratios were compared among young, container-grown plants of five temperate-zone, deciduous tree species (Acer negundo L., Betula papyrifera Marsh, Malus baccata Borkh, Robinia pseudoacacia L., and Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.) under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. There was a small decrease (mean reduction of 0.22 MPa across species) in the water potential at which turgor was lost (Psi(tlp)) in response to water stress. The Psi(tlp) for water-stressed plants was -1.18, -1.34, -1.61, -1.70, and -2.12 MPa for B. papyrifera, A. negundo, U. parvifolia, R. pseudoacacia, and M. baccata, respectively. Variation in Psi(tlp) resulted primarily from differences in tissue osmotic potential and not tissue elasticity. Rates of net photosynthesis declined in response to water stress. However, despite differences in Psi(tlp), there were no differences in net photosynthesis among water-stressed plants under the conditions of water stress imposed. In A. negundo and M. baccata, water use efficiency (net photosynthesis/transpiration) increased significantly in response to water stress. Comparisons among water-stressed plants showed that water use efficiency for M. baccata was greater than for B. papyrifera or U. parvifolia. There were no significant differences in water use efficiency among B. papyrifera, U. parvifolia, A. negundo, and R. pseudoacacia. Under water-stressed conditions, leaf/root dry weight ratios (an index of transpiration to absorptive capacity) ranged from 0.77 in R. pseudoacacia to 1.05 in B. papyrifera.     

新疆杨不同混交模式对天牛危害和林木生长的影响

为验证多树种合理配置抗御杨树天牛灾害的效果,在宁夏新华桥种苗场的试验林内,选取受光肩星天牛危害的3种配置模式的林分为样地,通过对新疆杨标准木做树干解析.比较3种配置模式中新疆杨的单株总生长量,结果除胸径外,树高和材积的总生长量均存在显著差异;单株材积总生长量大小顺序为新疆杨和复叶槭混交林＞新疆杨和合作杨混交林＞新疆杨纯林,即混交林中天牛对新疆杨危害不同程度地小于新疆杨纯林.比较3种模式林分在单位面积上的总材积生长量,结果为新疆杨和复叶槭混交林＞新疆杨纯林＞新疆杨和合作杨的混交林.同时考虑目标树种的单株材积生长量和该配置模式单位面积上的总材积生长量,新疆杨和复叶槭混交林是3种模式中最理想的.     

哈尔滨市绿化树种生态功能研究(1)

文章以哈尔滨市绿化树种为研究点,从绿化树种的叶面积指数、固碳释氧、降温增湿等方面研究了49种生长良好的绿化树种的生态功能,通过研究得到银中杨、榆树、糖槭、杜松、野梨是平均叶面积指数前5位的乔木树种,珍珠梅、接骨木、绣线菊、金银忍冬、天目琼花是平均叶面积指数前5位的灌木树种;榆树、文冠果、火炬树、糖槭、银中杨为年固碳释氧量前5位的乔木树种,黄刺玫、紫丁香、接骨木、树锦鸡儿、榆叶梅为年固碳释氧量前5位的灌木树种;年释水量前5位的乔木树种是文冠果、银中杨、火炬树、榆树、山丁子,年释水量前5位的灌木树种是绣线菊、黄刺玫、毛樱桃、珍珠梅、榆叶梅。       

复叶槭对防护林光肩星天牛诱集作用初报

复叶槭Ａｃｅｒ ｎｅｇｕｎｄｏ Ｌｉｎｎ．对防护林光肩星天牛Ａｎｏｐｌｏｐｈｏｒａ ｇｌａｂｒｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ（Ｍｏｔｓｃｈ．）成虫具有较强的诱集作用。自然情况下,宁夏防护林中复叶槭对１００ｍ 范围内的光肩星天牛的诱集率至少可达６６％ ;诱集距离至少可达２４０ｍ ;诱集数量与当时天牛羽化数量正相关,可用于监测其种群数量变动;诱集数量与天气有关,雨天最少,而晴天和阴天的诱集量十分接近;复叶槭树体越大,当年生小枝越多,诱集量也越大。     

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Adult Anoplophom glabripennis (Motschulsky) to Volatile Components of Host-Plant

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.     

Wilt of Acer negundo L. caused by Fusarium nirenbergiae in China

Boxelder maple(Acer negundo L.) is widely grown as ornamental trees in China. In 2017 in Pizhou,Jiangsu Province, China, the boxelder maple trees suffered from a disease which caused wilting and yellowing leaves,rotted roots, and discolored xylem. The disease broke out from July to August. Seven fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissue and tested for pathogenicity.Isolate An7 was isolated at high frequency from the discolored vascular tissues, which caused the wilt disease on healthy 2-year-old seedlings after inoculation and eventually killed all the seedlings. We conducted molecular analysis for An7, including the partial sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer, calmodulin, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit and the translation elongation factor 1-a and evaluation of the variously sized conidia, chlamydospores and conidiophores and cultural traits. The pathogen was identified as Fusarium nirenbergiae, a member of the Fusarium oxysporum speciescomplex. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F.nirenbergiae causing wilt on A. negundo in China.     

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Adult Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) to Volatile Components of Host-Plant

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple(Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (EAG)responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde andtrans-2-hexen-1-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three com-pounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-1-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-1-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantlyattractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either EAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound aremarkedly influenced by the concentration.     

羽叶槭引种造林试验

７年多引种试验结果表明：羽叶槭耐干旱，瘠薄，适应江苏北部地区的生态条件，繁殖容易，生长较快，５年内就可开花结籽，还可作为砧木嫁接红枫等园林绿化苗木。