卧龙自然保护区油竹子形态学特征及地上部生物量对海拔梯度的响应

海拔梯度由于包含了温度、湿度等诸多环境因子的剧烈变化而成为了研究植物的环境适应性及其对全球气候变化响应的理想区域。在卧龙自然保护区沿海拔梯度研究了油竹子(Fargesia angustissima(Mitford)T.P.Yi)分株的比叶面积(Specific Leaf Area,SLA)、基径(Basal Diameter,D)、株高(Height,H)、分株节数及节间长、单株地上部分各器官生物量及生物量分配。除分株节数随海拔升高近似线性增加,和分株枝生物量随海拔升高线性降低外,其他各调查因子对海拔的响应均是非线性的,反映了环境因子随海拔的非线性变化。分析认为,油竹子的生长受降水的影响较大,可能会对因为全球气候变化导致的降水模式变化更为敏感。     

地形因子对大青沟自然保护区不同森林群落叶性状的影响

【目的】探讨地形因子对大青沟自然保护区不同森林植物群落叶功能性状的影响,探索影响叶性状变化的主要地形驱动因子(海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位)。【方法】以大青沟自然保护区大果榆、蒙古栎、水曲柳3种主要森林群落为研究对象,每种群落类型设置5个20 m×20 m的固定样地,对样地内重要值大于0.1的物种进行叶片采集,分别测定不同群落类型优势种的叶厚度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小和叶干质量5项叶功能性状。运用Pearson相关分析和逐步回归分析,研究不同群落类型优势种叶性状与地形因子的关系。【结果】相关分析结果表明,所有优势种和不同生长型物种,比叶面积与海拔均呈极显著负相关,与坡位均呈极显著正相关;叶干物质含量与海拔均呈极显著正相关,与坡位均呈极显著负相关。逐步回归分析进一步表明,除所有优势种的叶大小、灌木叶厚度、灌木叶干质量和草本叶厚度主要受坡位的影响(标准偏回归系数分别为0.259,-0.508,-0.467和0.410)外,其他叶性状主要受海拔的影响。海拔对所有优势种叶厚、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是0.285,-0.438,0.504,0.146;对乔木叶厚、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是0.494,-0.378,0.563,0.836,0.575;对灌木比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小标准偏回归系数分别是-0.336,0.490,0.171;对草本比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是-0.555,0.650,-0.357,-0.271。【结论】在大青沟自然保护区,虽然海拔只相差60~70 m,但随着海拔的升高,土壤水分减少。水分变化引起群落组成和叶片功能性状的变化,因此海拔是影响叶性状的主要驱动因子。     

神农架国家公园竹类植物自然分布特点研究

笔者以神农架国家公园竹类植物为研究对象,通过野外实地调查,在竹类植物分布较为集中的区域设置42个植物样方,系统调查分类后发现调查区域共有竹类3属8种,其中箭竹属中的华西箭竹为新发现种。通过统计分析研究发现,不同海拔梯度上竹类植物生长特性有明显差异,主要体现在样方内竹类植物株数和竹子盖度与海拔呈显著正相关（P<0.05）...     

峨眉山不同海拔冷杉径向生长对气候变化的响应

【目的】研究峨眉山不同海拔冷杉Abies fabri径向生长对气候变化的响应规律。【方法】以冷杉为研究对象,用树轮生态学的方法对峨眉山不同海拔的冷杉进行年轮采样、处理与分析,比较不同海拔冷杉径向生长特征及其与各气候因子之间的关系。【结果】年表统计数据表明,4个年表均具有较高的可靠性,可以用于树木生长与气候关系的研究。不同海拔冷杉径向生长与气候的关系具有明显的海拔差异,海拔2 400 m处冷杉径向生长与当年7月的温度呈显著正相关;海拔2 800 m处冷杉径向生长与当年4-9月的帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI)呈显著正相关;海拔2 900 m处冷杉径向生长与前一年9月和当年4月的温度呈显著负相关,与当年1-9月的PDSI均呈显著正相关;海拔3 000 m处冷杉径向生长和当年3-4月温度呈显著负相关,与当年6-7月的PDSI和当年4月平均相对湿度呈显著正相关。【结论】峨眉山高海拔的冷杉包含有更多的环境信息,对气候变化的响应也更为敏感;高海拔区域冷杉径向生长受到水分的强烈限制,而低海拔区域冷杉径向生长主要受温度影响;冷杉衰亡与气候因子的变化密切相关,随着区域气候的变暖,高海拔地区冷杉可能会进一步衰退。该研究揭示了峨眉山不同海拔冷杉生长动态及其对气候变化响应的敏感性差异,为全球气候变化背景下冷杉林的保护与适应性管理提供科学参考。     

祁连山排露沟流域中山带青海云杉林生长与海拔梯度上环境因子的关系

选择分布在祁连山排露沟流域中山带（海拔2900～3300 m）分布的青海云杉林为研究对象,研究了其生长与海拔梯度上环境因子的关系。研究结果表明：（1）青海云杉胸径和树高大小从郁闭林2900 m 到高山林线3300 m 处的变化规律表明,青海云杉生长在海拔3200 m 以上受到环境胁迫作用明显;青海云杉更新苗和非更新苗密度在海拔梯度上的变化规律也证实了这一点;（2）随海拔梯度的增加,青海云杉林地年降水量递增率平均值为19.94 mm/100 m;年均气温递减率大小为-0.67℃/100 m,青海云杉生长最低气温为-1.72℃;热量条件在一定程度上抑制了海拔3200 m 以上青海云杉的生长;（3）土壤剖面年均温度沿海拔高度的增加不断减小,而土壤含水量不断增加;土壤有机质、全氮和有效氮含量随海拔梯度的增加其含量也不断增加;土壤全磷、有效磷、全钾和有效钾含量随海拔梯度的增加没有明显的变化规律;不同海拔土壤酸碱性呈碱性;青海云杉林地有机质和全氮含量丰富,但是随海拔梯度增加土壤温度降低使得有效养分供应不足;（4）方差分析表明,海拔梯度影响下的环境因子对不同海拔青海云杉生长的影响大小顺序为：土壤化学性质（10.261）＞气象因子（7.900）＞土壤物理性质（2.535）,林地土壤化学性质是影响林木生长的最关键因子。上述研究结果有望为祁连山森林培育和保护管理提供理论参考和数据支持,也为干旱、半干旱区亚高寒山地森林植被对环境变化响应机制提供理论依据。     

长白山沿海拔梯度臭冷杉径向生长对气候变化的响应

为了研究树木生长对气候变化的响应,选取长白山北坡3个海拔高度建立了臭冷杉Abies nephrolepis的年轮差值年表。通过年表特征及响应函数分析,探讨不同海拔臭冷杉径向生长对气候变化的响应。结果表明,温度是影响海拔分布上限(1 760 m)臭冷杉生长的主要影响因子,年轮宽度指数与上年9月和当年5月的平均温呈显著正相关,与降水没有显著关系;在中海拔(1 250 m),年轮宽度指数与温度和降水都没有呈现出显著相关关系;在海拔分布下限(780 m),降水是主要的影响因子,年轮宽度指数与上年9月和10月的降水量呈显著正相关,与温度没有达到显著相关。未来气候变化有利于臭冷杉的径向生长,有利于长白山暗针叶林生产力的增加。     

高山林线树木光合作用适应性研究进展

高山林线作为一类特殊的生态过渡带, 各类环境因子随海拔升高具有明显的梯度变化规律。林线过渡带物种组成与植被格局变化、林线上下界及树线推移等长期受到生态学与植物学研究的关注。不同生活型的林线植物, 尤其是木本植物对高海拔林线逆境光合响应方式与策略的差异, 直接导致林线植被组成与分布格局的变化, 最终影响林线上下界以及树线的形成。并且, 作为陆地生态系统对全球气候变化响应最为敏感的地区之一, 林线植物光合作用响应性变化特征已成为预测全球气候变化条件下林线植被未来动态变化的重要参数。文中主要从叶片形态与结构以及叶片光合生理代谢等方面, 综述山地木本植物适应林线逆境的相关研究进展, 以期有助于理解高寒地带林线生境植被分布格局形成以及物种组成变化的驱动因子, 为在全球气候变化条件下开展林线植物光合作用响应性研究提供参考作用。     

徂徕山不同立地条件下油松、麻栎径向生长对气象因子的响应

面对气候变化,为了更加科学地进行森林经营抚育,提高生态林的功能效益,选取泰安徂徕山区不同海拔和坡向的油松、麻栎2个树种的样本,建立年表,分析各树种径向生长与气温、降水的响应情况。结果表明:麻栎、油松2个树种生长更易受降水的影响,两者与7月份、8月份的降水量呈正相关,2个树种对降水和气温因子响应程度为油松大于麻栎。在海拔600~800m范围内,油松对降水和气温的响应程度是阳坡大于阴坡,表明油松较宜生长于600~800m的阳坡,而麻栎对气温和降水2个因子的响应表现也是阳坡大于阴坡,600~800m范围阳坡较适宜麻栎的生长;在海拔400~600m范围,油松生长与降水、气温的相关性不显著;在海拔200~400m范围内,阴坡的油松生长主要受气温限制,阳坡的油松生长主要受降水影响。     

回归崖柏苗木存活和生长对海拔梯度的响应

【目的】研究回归崖柏苗木存活和生长对海拔梯度的响应,为崖柏回归区域选择及引种栽培提供科学依据。【方法】在重庆市雪宝山自然保护区及周边区域海拔178(白鹤),1 360(营盘)和2 250 m(车场坝)处布设试验地。采用1.5年生崖柏实生容器苗作为供试苗木。在各试验地架设1台气温和土温自动监测仪,并逐月调查苗木存活率、苗高和地径。苗木生长结束后,随机抽取部分植株,测定表型生长性状及地上和地下部分鲜、干质量;同时,采集土样,测定土壤理化性质。在此基础上,对崖柏苗木存活和生长与环境因子进行灰色关联分析。【结果】在研究区域内,海拔每升高100 m,空气和土壤年均温分别下降0.6和0.5℃,≥10℃年积温分别减少205.3和171.7℃;随海拔升高,土壤密度、p H值、速效磷含量降低,其他土壤指标(毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度、毛管持水量、田间持水量、最大持水量、有机质含量、全氮含量、速效氮含量和速效钾含量)增加;中海拔(营盘试验地)苗木存活率最高(100%),低海拔(白鹤试验地)次之(94%),高海拔(车场坝试验地)最低(36%);苗木出现死亡的时间为3—4月,高海拔试验地苗木死亡高峰期为5—8月,低海拔试验地为7—9月份;除最长一级侧枝长和一级侧根数表现为中海拔低海拔高海拔外,其他表型生长指标和苗木鲜、干质量均表现为低海拔中海拔高海拔,且不同试验地间差异显著(P0.05);回归崖柏苗木存活和生长受多种环境因子影响,关联度较大的是空气和土壤温度,其次是土壤p H值,再次为土壤密度,其他土壤理化指标的关联度较小。【结论】海拔梯度造成的温度、水分和土壤肥力异质性对回归崖柏苗木的存活和生长有极大影响;过低的气温和土温以及土壤长期积水对高海拔区域回归崖柏苗木的存活和生长起到了制约作用;中、低海拔的环境条件可以满足回归崖柏苗木存活和生长的基本需求;崖柏回归不宜在海拔2 200 m左右的高海拔区域进行,中、低海拔区域可以作为崖柏回归的首选区域。     

岷江上游干旱河谷区岷江柏对不同海拔的响应

在岷江上游干旱河谷区通过设置不同海拔梯度,对土壤水分、岷江柏生理生化及生长指标进行了分析,旨在探索干旱河谷区主要造林树种对逆境的响应,为这一地区岷江柏人工林的营造提供理论和技术支撑。研究结果表明：随海拔的升高,岷江柏的光合速率、水分利用率、SOD活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、苗高和地径年生长量的蒸腾速率、可溶性蛋白含量表现为先升高再下降的趋势;而POD活性和叶绿素含量则是随着海拔的升高呈不断下降的变化趋势。从其生长指标和生理指标来看,岷江柏在海拔2 200 m～2 300 m之间生长最好。因此,在该区营造人工岷江柏林的时候,应该优先选择这一地段。     

To what extent is altitudinal variation of functional traits driven by genetic adaptation in European oak and beech?

The phenotypic responses of functional traits in natural populations are driven by genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity. These two mechanisms enable trees to cope with rapid climate change. We studied two European temperate tree species (sessile oak and European beech), focusing on (i) in situ variations of leaf functional traits (morphological and physiological) along two altitudinal gradients and (ii) the extent to which these variations were under environmental and/or genetic control using a common garden experiment. For all traits, altitudinal trends tended to be highly consistent between species and transects. For both species, leaf mass per area displayed a positive linear correlation with altitude, whereas leaf size was negatively correlated with altitude. We also observed a significant increase in leaf physiological performance with increasing altitude: populations at high altitudes had higher maximum rates of assimilation, stomatal conductance and leaf nitrogen content than those at low altitudes. In the common garden experiment, genetic differentiation between populations accounted for 0-28% of total phenotypic variation. However, only two traits (leaf mass per area and nitrogen content) exhibited a significant cline. The combination of in situ and common garden experiments used here made it possible to demonstrate, for both species, a weaker effect of genetic variation than of variations in natural conditions, suggesting a strong effect of the environment on leaf functional traits. Finally, we demonstrated that intrapopulation variability was systematically higher than interpopulation variability, whatever the functional trait considered, indicating a high potential capacity to adapt to climate change.     

Altitudinal differences in the leaf fitness of juvenile and mature alpine spruce trees (Picea crassifolia)

In many plant species, leaf morphology varies with altitude, an effect that has been attributed to temperature. It remains uncertain whether such a trend applies equally to juvenile and mature trees across altitudinal gradients in semi-arid mountain regions. We examined altitude-related differences in a variety of needle characteristics of juvenile (2-m tall) and mature (5-m tall) alpine spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) trees growing at altitudes between 2501 and 3450 m in the Qilian Mountains of northwest China. We found that stable carbon isotope composition (delta(13)C), area- and mass-based leaf nitrogen concentration (N(a), N(m)), number of stomata per gram of nitrogen (St/N), number of stomata per unit leaf mass (St/LM), projected leaf area per 100 needles (LA) and leaf mass per unit area (LMA) varied nonlinearly with altitude for both juvenile and mature trees, with a relationship reversal point at about 3100 m. Stomatal density (SD) of juvenile trees remained unchanged with altitude, whereas SD and stomatal number per unit length (SNL) of mature spruce initially increased with altitude, but subsequently decreased. Although several measured indices were generally found to be higher in mature trees than in juvenile trees, N(m), leaf carbon concentration (C(m)), leaf water concentration (LWC), St/N, LA and St/LM showed inconsistent differences between trees of different ages along the altitudinal gradient. In both juvenile and mature trees, delta(13)C correlated significantly with LMA, N(m), N(a), SNL, St/LM and St/N. Stomatal density, LWC and LA were only significantly correlated with delta(13)C in mature trees. These findings suggest that there are distinct ecophysiological differences between the needles of juvenile and mature trees that determine their response to changes in altitude in semi-arid mountainous regions. Variations in the fitness of forests of different ages may have important implications for modeling forest responses to changes in environmental conditions, such as predicted future temperature increases in high altitude areas associated with climate change.     

Early performance of two tropical dry forest species after assisted migration to pine-oak forests at different altitudes:strategic response to climate change

Assisted migration has been proposed as a strategy for adaptive management of forest species in response to expected effects of climate change,but it is controversial for several reasons.Tropical dry forests are among the most threatened ecosystems in the world.In Mexico,historically,land-use change and deforestation have been decreasing forest cover,and climate change is shifting the potential distribution of different forest types,exacerbating the risk of local extinctions.Assisted altitudinal migration could be a feasible strategy for reducing local extinctions in response to climate change and lack of landscape connectivity.Our objective was to evaluate survival and growth of Albizia plurijuga and Ceiba aesculifolia,two tropical deciduous forests species in Mexico.We transplanted 4-month-old seedlings to experimental raised beds at three altitudes(2100,2400 and 2700 m a.s.l.),exceeding their upper regional limit of distribution(2000 m a.s.l.).We also tested seed germination at each altitude.We monitored the experiment for 10 months.For both species,as altitude increased and cold weather was more prevalent,plant performance declined.Within species,differences in individual growth were significant among altitudes.Overall survival was 18.5% for A.plurijuga and 24.5% for C.aesculifolia.Both species had higher survival and better growth at lower altitude,and no seedling emergence at any altitude.We conclude that assisted migration can be implemented for each species by an upward attitudinal shift within,and not exceeding,400 m beyond their present upper altitudinal limit of distribution.Our results indicate that for many species that show altitudinal gradients at regional scales,unless current climate conditions change,the potential to establish outside their range is minimal.     

Reproductive investment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus pseudostrobus</Emphasis> along an altitudinal gradient in Western Mexico: implications of climate change

Climate varies along altitudinal gradients and species performance may be affected in response to these variations. Climate change can modify these gradients and, at the lower limit of species distributions, individuals may become stressed and their general health and reproductive performance may decrease. Study and prediction of the effects of climate change on the distribution of species along these gradients is therefore necessary. Our model study species, Pinus pseudostrobus, is a widely distributed pine in Mexico, ranging from 1600 to 3200 masl in altitude. In order to explore changes in health condition and reproductive investment along an altitudinal gradient, ten reproductive trees were selected in each of four populations (at 2300, 2400, 2700 and 2900 masl). As a proxy of individual health, we conducted a rapid visual assessment for each tree, based on crown defoliation, dead branches and foliage discoloration. This stress condition index (SCI) ranges from zero to fifteen, and lower values indicate low stress and therefore better health conditions. We also evaluated reproductive (cone weight, number/weight of seeds) and progeny (germination/seedling growth) traits. In addition, the relationships between SCI and the reproductive/progeny traits were assessed. The lowest altitude population presented poor health, with higher values of SCI (mean ± SE = 6.3 ± 0.9) that reduced up to 4.8-fold in higher-altitude populations. Cone weight also differed among altitudes, with lighter cones in the lower population (mean ± SE = 38.2 ± 4.3 g), and 1.5-fold heavier cones found in the higher populations. In general, all of the reproductive/progeny traits differed among altitudes. The population of intermediate altitude (2700 masl) presented the highest values for all traits evaluated, indicating higher performance at this altitude. Finally, a negative relationship was found between stress condition and cone weight. Based on our results and climate change models and their predictions, an increase in physiological stress can be expected in individuals of low altitude populations. Furthermore, possible increases in pests and pathogens are likely to contribute to the decline of this population. It is therefore necessary to maintain efforts of stress condition assessment and population dynamics, as well as to permanently monitor the climate along altitudinal gradients.     

Ecological variations of woody species along an altitudinal gradient in the Qinling Mountains of Central China:area-based versus mass-based expression of leaf traits

Leaf trait-based research has become the preferred method to understand the ecological strategies of plants.However,there is still a debate on whether area-based or mass-based traits provide different insights into environmental adaptations and responses.In this study,seven key leaf traits(maximum net photosynthetic rate,dark respiration rate,nitrogen content,photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency,leaf mass per area,leaf dry matter contents and leaf area) of 43 woody species were quantified on the basis of both area and mass along an altitudinal gradient(1100-2700 m) in the Qinling Mountains of China.Differences in leaf traits and bivariate correlations between the two expressions were compared.By considering different expressions,the strengths and directions of the responses of leaf traits to the altitudinal gradient were determined.Leaf traits showed large variations;interspecific variations contributed more to total variance than intraspecific variations.Bivariate correlations between photosynthetic traits and structural traits(mass per area,dry matter content,and area) were weaker on a mass basis than those on an area basis.Most traits exhibited quadratic trends along the altitudinal gradient,and these patterns were more noticeable for area-based than mass-based traits.Area-based traits were more sensitive to changes in temperature and precipitation associated with altitude.These results provide evidence that mass-versus area-based traits show different ecological responses to environmental conditions associated with altitude,even if they do not contain very broad spatial scales.Our results also indicate distinction of photosynthetic acclimation among the two expressions along an altitudinal gradient,reflecting trade-offs among leaf structure and physiological traits.     

北川不同海拔珙桐种群年龄结构研究

采用树木年代学的方法,按照珙桐的分布特点分海拔下限（1400 m～1500 m）,中部（1 600 m～1 700 m）,上限（1 800 m～1 900 m）,研究不同海拔梯度下北川珙桐种群的年龄结构,结果表明：海拔上限珙桐年龄结构偏大,缺乏幼苗及30 a～40a的个体;在海拔中部,30 a～40 a的个体占的比例较大,争夺空间和资源的能力更强;海拔下限的实生幼苗较多.在中部海拔分布的珙桐较多,且年龄结构集中在30 a～40 a之间,低海拔的种群特征是以幼苗为优势,而高海拔面有的幼苗却很少,表明海拔对珙桐种群年龄结构有重要的影响.     

Sex-related differences in leaf morphological and physiological responses in Hippophae rhamnoides along an altitudinal gradient

In most woody plants, leaf morphological and physiological characteristics are extremely variable across environmental gradients, particularly across altitudinal gradients. Hippophae rhamnoides L., a dioecious and deciduous shrub species, occupies a wide range of habitats in the Wolong Nature Reserve, southwest China. We measured growth, sex ratio and morphological and physiological characteristics of leaves in male and female H. rhamnoides individuals along an altitudinal gradient. Shoot height (HT), leaf N concentration per unit dry mass (N(mass)), leaf N concentration per unit area (N(area)) and leaf carbon isotope composition (delta(13)C) were higher in males than in females, whereas females had higher specific leaf area (SLA), stomatal length (SL) and stomatal index (SI) (i.e., total stomatal length per unit leaf area) than males along the altitudinal gradient. Females also had higher values of stomatal density (SD) at all altitudes except 2800 m. The male:female ratio (MFR) was biased toward males at all altitudes except at 2800 m. Changes in HT, MFR, SLA, SD, SL, SI, N(mass), N(area) and delta(13)C along the altitudinal gradient were nonlinear. Below 2800 m, HT, SLA, SD, SL and SI increased with increasing altitude, but above 2800 m they decreased with increasing altitude. In contrast, MFR, N(mass), N(area) and delta(13)C showed the opposite patterns with altitude. Consequently, we confirmed our hypotheses: (1) stressful environments have a more negative impact on females than on males in a variety of ways; (2) under optimal growth conditions the sex ratio is even, but becomes male-biased as resources become limited; and (3) there is an optimum altitudinal range at around 2800 m for the growth of H. rhamnoides in the Wolong Nature Reserve.     

Population-level variation of Fraxinus americana (white ash) is influenced by precipitation differences across the native range

We investigated the potential of Fraxinus americana L. to adapt to climate change by comparing diameter growth, survival and physiological status of 44 populations of 30-year-old trees originating from throughout the species range and grown in a common garden. Populations originating closest to the latitude of the common garden had the most rapid diameter growth and the highest survival. Among populations originating within a narrow latitudinal band along an east-west gradient of decreasing precipitation, those from the drier western end were best adapted to the dry climate of the common garden site, as judged by survival, stem circumference, leaf and wood carbon isotope ratios, leaf mass per area and leaf nitrogen concentration. These findings suggest that eastern populations may not perform well under the hotter and drier conditions predicted by climate change scenarios. Moreover, in the event of significant climate change, the short-term acclimation responses (within a generation) of F. americana may be insufficient to ensure the continued vigor or survival of this species throughout much of its present range.     

燕山山脉天然次生油松林群落物种多样性及生态位分析

通过植物群落学的调查方法,对位于冀北山地河北省围场县木兰围场自然保护区内不同立地条件下油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)天然次生林的群落特征、物种多样性及物种生态位进行了研究。结果表明:在木兰围场自然保护区内共记录到乔木树种1种,灌木6种,草本30种。灌木层和草本层的α多样性指数在一定海拔梯度下所呈现的趋势大致相同,都是比较典型的双峰曲线。随着海拔差的增大,群落间β多样性指数均呈逐渐增大的趋势。灌木层中土庄绣线菊(Spiraea pubescens Turcz.)的生态位宽度最大,草本层中披针苔草(Carex lanceolata Boott)、林地早熟禾(Poa nemoralis Linn.)和小红菊[(Dendranthema chanetii(Lvl.)Shih)]的生态位宽度最大。海拔1125m地段生态位重叠度最大的种群为照山白(Rhododendron micranthum Turcz.)和女娄菜(Melandrium apricum(Turcz.)Rohrb.),海拔1250m地段生态位重叠度最大的种群为细裂叶蒿(Artemisia tanace-tifolia Linn.)和阴地蒿(Artemisia sylvatica Maxim.),海拔1325m地段生态位重叠度最大的种群为披针苔草和隐子草(Cleistogenes caespitosa Keng)。