凹叶厚朴种子保存方法对发芽及幼苗生长的影响

以田间调查数据为基本资料,对国家重点保护植物凹叶厚朴的种子进行沙藏和冷藏保存,并对其相应的播种苗的发芽、幼苗生长进行统计分析。结果表明:冷藏保存的凹叶厚朴种子发芽慢,持续时间长,而种子沙藏保存的发芽相对较快,持续时间短,苗齐较冷藏处理早12d;种子发芽率98.4,显著高于冷藏的,34;沙藏保存种子的幼苗苗高、地径、叶幅的全年平均累积生长量均极显著大于冷藏处理。     

种子不同保存方法及播种时间对水紫树发芽和幼苗生长的影响

以田间调查数据为基本资料,对极耐湿的水紫树种子进行沙藏和冷藏保存,分别于3月17日、4月1日播种,对其播种苗的发芽、幼苗生长进行统计分析。结果表明：冷藏保存的种子发芽慢,持续时间长,而沙藏保存的种子发芽相对较快,持续时间短,苗齐较冷藏处理早21 d。沙藏保存种子的幼苗高、地径的全年平均累计生长量极显著大于冷藏处理。3月17日播种的幼苗高、地径的全年平均累计生长量极显著大于4月1日播种幼苗的生长量。     

欧洲鹅耳枥2年生播种苗年生长动态

以欧洲鹅耳枥2年生播种苗为研究对象,对其苗高、地径、生物量的年动态变化和苗高与地径、生态因子的关系等进行研究。结果表明:苗高、地径两者生长基本符合"慢—快—慢"的生长规律,可用Logistic方程来拟合,同时把苗高和地径的生长可分为生长初期、生长盛期和生长末期;苗高在生长盛期有一连续生长高峰期,而地径在生长盛期有2次高峰期,且后期比前期更明显;苗高与地径变化之间呈线性相关,播种苗各部分生长具密切相关性,呈负相关性;通过苗高、地径生长规律与气象因子的相关性分析,表明旬平均气温是影响苗高的主导因子,其他气象因子对地径生长无显著影响。     

欧洲花楸育苗及幼苗生长规律试验

在宁夏南部山区,研究沙藏对欧洲花楸种子出苗率,赤霉素GA_3不同浓度处理对种子发芽、嫩枝扦插的影响及苗木生长规律。结果表明:欧洲花楸种子在沙藏后第60天播种,播后第13天开始陆续出苗,播种后第38天基本停止出苗,出苗率为67.6%;以GA)3200 mg·kg~(-1)浸种6 h+沙藏30 d处理对种子萌发促进效果最好,欧洲花楸种子发芽率为90.3%,发芽势为86.9%;欧洲花楸嫩枝扦插以ABT 500 mg·kg~(-1)速蘸5~10 s扦插生根率最高(23.33%);1年生欧洲花楸和陕甘花楸苗高、地径和叶片数的年生长规律均呈"S"型生长曲线,生长时段主要集中在6—8月,欧洲花楸年高生长量为154.2 cm,是陕甘花楸的5倍以上。     

苦楝种子形态相关性及萌发习性的观测与研究

对苦楝的种子形态指标、种子不同处理和播种时间试验研究,结果表明:苦楝种子单粒重与种子横径的相关性较强,在生产中应选育种子横径较大的优良品系,具有的丰产潜力更大;将苦楝种子沙藏催芽后播种,种子发芽率高,发芽速度快,出苗整齐;不同播种时间对苗楝种子发芽出苗影响不明显,但对苗楝苗木生长有明显影响,在生产实践中应采用冬播育苗为好.     

黄檗种子不同沙藏层积时间和播种密度研究

以黄檗种子和1 a生播种苗为材料,研究不同沙藏层积时间对发芽率与出苗率和不同播种密度对苗高与地径生长的影响,结果表明:当沙藏层积时间达到150 d时,种子发芽率和出苗率均最高,分别为80.85%和64.09%;当播种密度为90株·m~(-2)时,单位面积Ⅰ级苗产量最高,达到96.15%。     

圆齿野鸦椿播种育苗技术

研究沙藏催芽处理和不同浓度赤霉素对圆齿野鸦椿种子发芽率的影响,以及不同基质播种育苗的差异和不同播种量对苗木生长的影响。结果表明,圆齿野鸦椿种子沙藏催芽至第3年的2-3月份春播,用不同浓度赤霉素处理均能显著促进其发芽,发芽率最高达75%,出苗快而整齐;以沙壤土加竹炭粉为播种基质,播种量为6.0g.m-2的Ⅰ、Ⅱ级苗产量最高,生长均匀整齐,是最佳播种育苗组合。     

种子处理方式对欧洲垂枝桦发芽率及苗木生长的影响

以引进的俄罗斯欧洲垂枝桦种子为材料,研究了冷藏、沙藏和雪藏3种种子处理对欧洲垂枝桦场圃发芽率及苗木生长的影响。结果表明:不同种子处理的场圃发芽率、苗高、地径、地上生物量、地下生物量和全株生物量存在显著差异,种子雪藏处理的场圃发芽率、苗高、地径、地上生物量、地下生物量和全株生物量等指标均优于其他处理,其场圃发芽率、生长量和生物量最高。     

珍稀濒危树种云南蓝果树育苗技术研究

对云南蓝果树的种子采集处理、育苗试验和对苗木生长观测调查,初步研究了云南蓝果树的育苗技术、苗期生长规律。结果表明:云南蓝果树种子无休眼期,宜随采随播,播种1周后开始萌动,25天出土,种子贮藏方式以混沙贮藏为好。培育的云南蓝果树容器苗210天即可出圃造林,1年生苗高和地径的生长节律呈现出"慢-快-慢"的生长过程,其幼苗的生长高峰为6～7月,这期间应加强水肥管理,促进苗木生长。     

珍稀濒危树种云南蓝果树育苗技术研究

对云南蓝果树的种子采集处理、育苗试验和对苗木生长观测调查,初步研究了云南蓝果树的育苗技术、苗期生长规律。结果表明:云南蓝果树种子无休眼期,宜随采随播,播种1周后开始萌动,25 d出土,种子贮藏方式以混沙贮藏为好。培育的云南蓝果树容器苗210 d即可出圃造林,1 a生苗高和地径的生长节律呈现出"慢-快-慢"的生长过程,其幼苗的生长高峰为6月～7月,这期间应加强水肥管理,促进苗木生长。     

不同催芽方法和播种期对福建山樱花种子发芽率与幼苗生长的影响

介绍了福建山樱花种子采集和处理方法,并研究了不同催芽方法和播种期对种子发芽率与幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,变温沙藏或冷藏的种子次年春播种的发芽率分别达94.5%和90.03%,变温沙藏的种子当年夏季播种的发芽率达83.8%,均能获得较高的发芽率;采种当年播种的苗木,以变温沙藏的地径和苗高为最大,分别达0.49 cm和24.47 cm,即采即播的地径和苗高为最小;采种次年播种的,以常温沙藏的地径和苗高最大,分别达0.90 cm和77.65 cm。     

60Co-γ辐照对越南油茶种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响

试验选取越南油茶"璠龙3号"(Camellia drupifera'Fanlong 3')、"璠龙4号"(C.drupifera'fanlong 4')和"璠龙5号"(C.ddrupifera'Fanlong 5')优树的种子进行60Co-γ 射线处理,研究0、10、20、30 Gy辐照对种子发芽率、出苗率和幼苗苗高、叶长、叶宽、叶面积以及叶片总叶绿素含量的影响.结果表明,辐射对"璠龙3号"、"璠龙4号"优树种子发芽具有促进作用;30 Gy辐射处理的种子出苗率在各处理中最低,"璠龙3号"、"璠龙4号"、"璠龙5号"优树种子的出苗率分别为74.44%、72.86%和66.67%;60Co-γ 辐射一定程度上抑制了越南油茶"璠龙"幼苗的高生长,对3个无性系幼苗的叶长、叶宽和叶面积生长影响不显著;60Co-γ 辐射对3个无性系叶片总叶绿素含量的影响较明显,表现为总叶绿素含量降低.     

种子贮藏和播种方式对红椆发芽及苗木生长的影响

以红椆种子为试验材料,进行贮藏和播种方式对红椆种子发芽和苗木生长的影响试验。结果表明:不同贮藏方式对红椆种子发芽率有极显著影响;不同播种方式对红椆种子发芽率和苗木地径生长无显著影响,但对苗木成活率和苗木高生长影响极显著。     

山苍子苗木培育技术

对山苍子种子贮藏、种子育苗、扦插、嫁接等进行了为期3年的研究,结果表明:山苍子种子贮藏以沙藏为好,春季育苗发芽率达46.4%;山苍子种子催芽采用80℃的热水浸种,可提高发芽率和发芽势;与春播相比,秋播种子发芽率、发芽势相对较低,但无论是苗高、地径还是冠幅都更大;无论是春播或者秋播,浸种催芽的比无浸种催芽的发芽率或发芽势都更高,而且生长量也更大;扦插用吲哚丁酸100 mg.kg-1+萘乙酸50 mg.kg-1溶液浸泡60 m in成活率最高;嫁接以T字形芽接成活率最高。     

Effect of electrostatic field on seed germination and seedling growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sorbus pohuashanesis</Emphasis>

A study was conducted to determine the effects of electrostatic field (ESF) treatment on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorbus pohuashanesis. The experiments were arranged by uniform design computed by the Data Processing System (DPS), including three levels of seeds soaking time, four levels of ESF intensity and four levels of ESF treatment time, with 12 treatments. Ten seeds were used in each treatment with three replicates. Seed vigor, seed germinating ability, emergence rate of seedling, survival rate of seedling, and seedling height and diameter, as well as the change in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), soluble protein contents, total chlorophyll contents, soluble total sugar contents in leaves of S. pohuashanensis seedlings were measured after ESF treatments. The experiment results show that ESF treatment could improve the water absorption ability of dry seeds of S. pohuashanensis, resulting in fast germination at room temperature under light conditions. Combined treatment of ESF with cold stratification could increase seed germination percentage significantly (to 42.20%), promote seedling height growth, affect leaf SOD activity, and could raise contents of total chlorophyll, soluble protein, and total soluble sugar in leaves. Seed soaking time had a significant effect on seed relative electroconductivity, seed germination under light, SOD activity, soluble protein content and total soluble sugar content of seedling leaves. ESF intensity exerted a moderate effect on these indexes. ESF treatment time only had significant effect on total chlorophyll contents, no evident effect on other indexes.     

Genetic variation in seed and seedling traits in 12 African provenances of Faidherbia albida (del.) A. Chev. at Lodwar, Kenya

The extent of genetic variation in seed length, width, thickness, weight and germination percentage and seedling traits among and within 12 African provenances of Faidherbia albida was examined. The regional provenances showed a consistent variation in seed length, seed width and seed weight: the southern African provenances had the largest seeds and west African provenances the smallest. Seedling height, stem collar diameter and true leaf number differed (P = 0.05) among the provenances 90 days after germination. The seedlings from west Africa were shorter, had smaller stem collar diameter and fewer leaves. In contrast, the southern and east African provenances had taller seedlings with bigger seedling diameter and more leaves per seedling. Seedling traits did not show clear-cut divisions between southern and east African provenances, but the west African provenances formed a distinct group. Positive correlations were found in some of the seed characteristics and seedling height among provenances, which could be an important criterion for early provenance selection. Greater variation was observed for seed and seedling traits among than within provenances suggesting that selection among provenances might result in rapid genetic gain for the traits studied. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

酸枣种子特性及引种栽培初报

在吉林省柳河县进行酸枣种子育苗及引种栽培试验,结果表明:酸枣种子本身不存在休眠现象,坚硬的内果皮是限制种子萌发的主要因素;酸枣有性繁殖时,需将种实进行低温沙藏90～120 d,发芽出土整齐,发芽率高达91％ ～95％.酸枣1年生播种苗需要埋土防寒越冬,2年生留床苗不需任何防寒措施就能安全越冬,2年生留床苗平均苗高80.6 cm,平均地径0.94 cm,保持了原有的优良形状;适应性强,抗旱、耐寒、抗病虫害能力强.     

Variation in seed traits and seedling vigour of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cordia africana</Emphasis> Lam. provenances in Ethiopia

Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia. Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared. Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in 10 replications, and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance. Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance. Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured. Seed length, seed width, seed mass, and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among provenances. Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage, seed width and altitude, seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude. Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature, seed width and rainfall, seed mass and temperature, and germination and temperature of the seed source. As expected, differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour. Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species.     

野生毛冬青的驯化繁育研究

毛冬青(Ilex pubescens) 是我国南方常用中药,药材来源主要为野生资源。文章通过引种野生 毛冬青,开展繁育方面的初步研究。结果表明,毛冬青种子具休眠性,导致出苗不齐;采种时间为 10— 12 月,可用随采随播方式播种,播种后约 67 d 开始出土,春季发芽率约 20%,采用低温沙藏略可提高种 子发芽率。毛冬青当年苗平均苗高 33.24 cm,平均地径 4.08 mm,速生期为 5—10 月,苗高 Logistic 拟合 曲线为 y=34.710/(1+66.416exp-0.638× 月份)。毛冬青苗期采用搭棚遮荫（50% 光照）对苗木的生长有利,平均 苗高、地径、苗木存活率、合格苗率比全光照增加 5.81 cm、0.7 mm、16 及 26 个百分点。     

濒危树种极东锦鸡儿(Caragana fruticosa)种子的萌发特性

以濒危树种极东锦鸡儿成熟种子为材料,研究极东锦鸡儿种子物理性状和温度对其种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:极东锦鸡儿种荚结实率较低,且约有1/4种子受虫害;成熟种子含水量为6.6%,千粒重18.6 g。种子长、宽和厚存在一定变异。种子长度平均为0.42 cm,宽度平均为0.27 cm,厚度平均为0.24 cm,长宽比为0.64。种皮透水性良好。不同温度条件对种子发芽率具有极显著影响。25℃条件下种子发芽率最高,为38.33%。随着温度的升高或降低,种子发芽率降低。发芽试验的第八天是计算种子发芽势的适宜时期。不同温度条件对极东锦鸡儿幼苗高度的影响极显著,对胚根长度影响显著。25℃有利于幼苗高度和胚根长度的增加,较高温度(30℃)有利于幼苗生物量增加。