山苍子油的功能及应用

山苍子是我国特有的芳香油植物资源之一。山苍子油具有抗菌消炎、抗氧化等多种生理活性,用途十分广泛。其主要成分柠檬醛,是合成多种名贵香料的原料。文章综述了山苍子油的化学成分,生物活性和应用方面的研究概况,并对其开发应用前景做了展望。     

大蒜活性成分阿霍烯的提取制备方法

近年来,国内外大蒜的研究十分活跃,研究多集中于蒜素的提取精制及其应用,实际上蒜素及其研究硫代亚磺酸酯不仅是大蒜辛辣味和蒜臭味的来源,且在室温下很不稳定,易转化为阿霍烯(Ajoenes)、乙烯基二硫杂苯类和硫醚类等有机硫化合物。阿霍烯作为然自于大蒜的天然稳定的有效活性成分,较之蒜素更加稳定且不具有令人难以接受的蒜辣蒜臭气味,具有抗血栓形成,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抗菌消炎等特别的生理功效;在抗凝血、降血压、解毒、抗癌、抗氧化、抗衰老及有机体的细胞介导免疫,体液免疫调节等过程中都可起到重要的作用,是一种天然高效的活性成分。阿霍烯是蒜素的第二降解产物,作为一种具有诸多生理功效的大蒜活性成分,在保健食     

金莲花的人工栽培

金莲花是毛茛科金莲花属的植物,以花入药,具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎等功效,还被广泛用于保健、美容、花卉、环境保护等方面,具有较高的医药、经济和生态价值。随着金莲花药材需求量的日益增加,其野生资源蕴藏量逐年减少。     

菊苣低聚果糖在食品加工过程中的应用

菊苣低聚果糖是从菊苣根中提取的果聚糖,又被称为菊糖,是一种低聚果糖,菊苣低聚果糖因其具有的多种生理营养功能,因而在食品加工行业作为功能性食品得到了广泛的应用。分别对菊苣低聚果糖的制取工艺、功效、安全性和在食品加工行业的主要应用等方面进行了简单的介绍。     

节约型园林建设中植物应用探讨

本文从园林植物的选择、应用、配置角度出发,就节约型园林建设中的技术措施进行了分析,以其最大程度发挥植物的生理、生态、景观等方面的功效,促进人与自然的和谐相处。     

螺旋藻在饲料中的应用研究进展

指出了螺旋藻又称蓝细菌,是一种原核藻类生物,属于蓝藻门颤藻科。螺旋藻富含藻胆蛋白、藻多糖、不饱和脂肪酸、维生素、矿物质以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等多种生物活性物质,具有增强免疫力、抗氧化、抗病毒、降血压等功效,广泛应用于保健食品、医药、饲料等领域。阐述了螺旋藻的生理活性成分和生理功能,探讨了螺旋藻在动物饲料应用方面的科研成果和新进展。     

花椒煮醋治牙痛

正花椒味辛、性温,有温中散寒、除湿止痛、坚齿明目之功效。现代医学认为,花椒含有多种挥发油和芳香物质,能杀死多种细菌、病菌,对于齿龈炎、牙周炎之类的感染疾病,有一定的抗菌消炎作用,牙齿的炎症消除了,自然就不会红肿发痛了。花椒还有一定的止痛作用,这主要是得益于它天生麻药作用,在治疗牙病的同时还能缓解疼痛。陈醋有一定的消炎杀菌作用,但它主要的作用     

HPLC法检测桔皮中橙皮甙的稳定性研究

以高效液相色谱法检测方法，对橙皮甙的稳定性进行了初步研究。结果表明：橙皮甙的耐光、耐热性能好，在碱性较强的条件下稳定存在，pH值为12时，其在溶液中的溶解度最大。     

MBF在湿地水质治理中应用前景展望

通过对絮凝剂的作用和种类及其相关知识的简要叙述,对不同絮凝剂的水质治理功效进行了比较,阐明了絮凝剂在水质治理应用中的基本现状、环保特点以及最新动向。充分肯定了MBF较其他传统絮凝剂具有更加优良的环保特性,进而探讨了MBF在以后的研究发展方面和应用中的主要趋势,描绘了MBF在水质治理方面广阔的应用前景。     

生理生化指标在林木遗传育种中的应用

阐述了生理生化指标的特性，对与林木生长及抗性有关常用生理生化指标进行了归纳和总结。对目前生理生化在林木遗传育种中的主要应用进行了综述，包括亲本选配、间接选择和杂种优势的生理生化机制等几个方面。对今后该类指标的应用提出了建议。     

Antibacterial and allelopathic activity of extract from Castanea sativa leaves

Following the extraction of Castanea sativa with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (pH 3.0), the ethyl acetate soluble fraction was tested for its antibacterial and allelopathic activity. The extract was shown to have pronounced antibacterial effects against seven of the eight strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria used (MIC in the range of 64-256 microg/ml and MBC in the range of 256-512 microg/ml). The active fraction was analyzed by TLC and HPLC showing the presence of rutin, hesperidin, quercetin, apigenin, morin, naringin, galangin and kaempferol. Standards of the identified flavonoids were tested against the same bacterial strains. The highest activity was shown by quercetin, rutin and apigenin. The allelopathic effect was tested against Raphanus sativus seed germination. The extract, quercetin, rutin and apigenin caused a decrease in the percentage of seed germination and root and epicotyl growth.     

Molecular mechanisms of citrus flavanones on hepatic gluconeogenesis

It is well known that hyperglycaemia is the initiating cause of tissue damage associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and that enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis may account for the increase in blood glucose levels. The purpose of this work was to investigate the possible actions and mechanisms of three related citrus flavanones, namely hesperidin, hesperetin and naringenin, on hepatic gluconeogenesis and related parameters using isolated perfused rat liver. Hesperetin and naringenin (but not hesperidin) inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactate plus pyruvate, alanine and dihydroxyacetone. The inhibitory effects of these flavanones on gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate (hesperetin IC₅₀ 75.6 μM; naringenin IC₅₀ 85.5 μM) as well as from alanine were considerably more pronounced than those from dihydroxyacetone. The main cause of gluconeogenesis inhibition is the reduction of pyruvate carboxylation by hesperetin (IC₅₀ 134.2 μM) and naringenin (IC₅₀ 143.5 μM) via inhibition of pyruvate transport into the mitochondria. Secondary causes are likely inhibition of energy metabolism, diversion of glucose 6-phosphate for glucuronidation reactions and oxidation of NADH by flavanone phenoxyl radicals. The influence of the structural differences between hesperetin and naringenin on their metabolic effects was negligible. Analytical evidence indicated that the presence of a rutinoside moiety in hesperidin noticeably decreases its metabolic effects, confirming that hesperetin and naringenin interact with intracellular enzymes and mitochondrial or cellular membranes better than hesperidin. Thus, the inhibition of the gluconeogenic pathway by citrus flavanones, which was similar to that of the drug metformin, may represent an attractive novel treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes.     

红茶色素的生物学活性及其对红茶品质影响简述

红茶色素(茶红素、茶黄素)是红茶生产过程中茶多酚类物质经过多种氧化而形成的,是红茶品质形成的关键物质;作为纯天然的有机色素,红茶色素具有清除自由基,抗氧化、抗突变、抗菌抗病毒等生物活性,本文综述了红茶色素与红茶品质关系及生物学活性的研究进展。     

Preparation of cyclodextrin grafting wood flour and investigation of the release characteristics of eugenol

Poplar wood flour, a low-cost and abundantly available material, was modified by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in the presence of citric acid or 1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid, aiming to expand the application of wood flour. The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the technique of phenolphthalein probe. The grafting conditions of β-CD onto wood flour including curing temperature, β-CD concentration in impregnation solution and catalyst were also evaluated by the technique of phenolphthalein probe. Besides, eugenol (EG), an antibacterial fragrant guest molecule, was loaded on the modified wood flour by lyophilization, and its release characteristics were investigated by Thermo-gravimetric. The results revealed that the modified wood flour material had a thermo-protective effect on the volatilization of EG and the encapsulated EG content was reached to 1.31 %, which could demonstrate a potential application in the finishing and packing areas.     

热带人工雨林小气候效应分析

以纯胶林、胶茶人工林及旷地为对照，分析了人工雨林的小气候效应。结果表明，随着林内层次的增加，林内太阳辐射量急剧减少；冬季人工雨林产生明显的热效应，为橡胶树的抗寒越冬提供了保障；且人工雨林内温、湿度日较差最小，对风的消弱最强。     

浸渍用三聚氰胺树脂固化时间影响因素的研究

分析了浸渍用三聚氰胺树脂的性能指标、固化剂种类及用量、环境温度等对其固化时间的影响。研究发现：浸渍MF原胶的性能（pH、固含量、游离甲醛等）均不同程度影响树脂的固化速度;不同种类的固化剂及其添加量,浸渍MF固化反应存在明显差异;原纸的pH值和环境温度影响MF树脂的固化反应。     

防霉抗菌软木地板的制备与性能研究

为了制备具有防霉抗菌功能的环保型软木地板，在水性涂料面漆中加入纳米银抗菌剂和二氧化钛载银抗菌剂，分析抗菌剂类型和添加量对地板性能的影响。结果表明：抗菌剂的加入对软木地板的物理性能无明显影响，但可以有效提高其抗菌性能，且对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果显著优于大肠杆菌；软木本身具有一定的防霉作用，纳米银抗菌剂和二氧化钛载银抗菌剂防霉作用较弱，可通过加入少量防霉剂提高软木地板防霉性。     

鸭儿芹精油成分、抗氧化与抑菌活性研究

为给鸭儿芹的综合利用提供科学依据,以鸭儿芹茎、叶为原料,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取鸭儿芹精油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对鸭儿芹精油成分进行了分析,利用DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力试验与FRAP试验及打孔法抑菌试验对其精油的抗氧化抗菌活性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)精油成分方面,从鸭儿芹精油中共分离出32个峰,占总离子峰的93.75%,共鉴定出30种化合物,其主要成分分别为α-芹子烯(42.01%)、β-芹子烯(19.86%)、(Z)-β-金合欢烯(12.76%)、镰叶芹醇(4.16%)、α-没药醇(3.93%)等;(2)抗氧化能力方面,当鸭儿芹精油浓度由19μg/m L上升到38μg/m L时,DPPH反应液中Trolox的当量由0.003μmol上升到0.007μmol,ABTS反应液中Trolox的当量由0.069μmol上升到0.074μmol,FRAP反应液中Trolox的当量由0.225μmol上升到0.280μmol,当精油浓度在一定范围内,其DPPH清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力及铁离子还原抗氧化能力与其浓度间均呈量效关系,且均呈正相关效应,表明鸭儿芹精油具有良好的抗氧化能力;(3)抗菌活性方面,当鸭儿芹精油浓度为1 280 mg/m L时,金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径可达7.05 mm,表现出一定的抑菌活性,且其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果显著优于其对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果。