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1.
[目的]建立吉林蛟河针阔混交林主要树种不同竞争强度个体的树高-胸径关系模型,并探讨竞争强度对树高-胸径关系的影响。[方法]采用蛟河42 hm2成熟林固定样地中4个树种的树高-胸径数据,用Chapman-Richards、Logistic、Korf和Weibull模型这4种应用广泛的经验模型进行树高-胸径曲线拟合,选出适合的最佳模型。[结果]表明:(1)4个树种的12组个体中有7个组的最佳模型形式是Weibull模型,4个组的最佳模型形式为Chapman-Richards模型,只有1组为Korf模型。(2)同一树种的低竞争强度个体和高竞争强度个体的最优模型形式不同。(3)用独立样本数据对最优模型进行检验,模型表现良好。[结论]Weibull模型能够很好地拟合4个树种各竞争强度的树高-胸径关系,能够适用于本地区针阔混交林的树高-胸径模拟,并且竞争强度会影响树高-胸径关系,将各竞争强度个体分别进行树高-胸径拟合可以提高模型预测能力。  相似文献   

2.
树高的测量相比胸径要困难,为了通过树高-胸径模型预测树高,该研究通过收集辽宁宽甸常见4种阔叶树黄波罗、核桃楸、枫桦和灯台树的胸径、树高实测数据,以常见的17个树高曲线对树高-胸径规律进行拟合,通过模型检验指标,筛选出每个树种的最优树高曲线模型,并对筛选出的最优模型进行预测能力检验,结果显示模型有较好的预测拟合能力。  相似文献   

3.
帽儿山林区主要树种树高与胸径之间的关系分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为了进一步探索树高与胸径的相关关系,本研究以黑龙江省帽儿山林场为样地,选取林区中杨树(Polar)、白桦(Birch)、紫椴(Tilia)、枫桦(Betula costata)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)林等5种主要树种为研究对象,通过SPSS17.0对胸径(D)和树高(H)的数据进行处理,应用7个常见树高-胸径模型来模拟相关关系,通过决定系数R2评价出了每个树种树高-胸径最优模型形式,所有树种最优模型的相关系数都达到了0.9以上,模型拟合的精度高.结论表明:①杨树的树高-胸径最优模型形式为幂函数曲线模型,方程式为:H=4.383D0.418;②白桦树、紫椴树、枫桦树的树高-胸径最优模型形式为三次曲线模型,方程式分别为:白桦树:H=4.785 +0.721D-0.008D2-0.00005D3;紫椴树:H =3.985+0.787D-0.013D2-0.00009D3;枫桦树:H=6.345+0.769D-0.010D2-0.000047D3;③水曲柳的树高-胸径最优模型形式为幂函数曲线模型,方程式为:H=e1.992+0.043D.  相似文献   

4.
[目的]基于我国森林资源连续清查(简称“连清”)样地数据,分省区研建全国杉木人工林平均木树高-胸径的最优基础模型,以期为全国各省区杉木人工林的树高预测提供基础模型。[方法]研究范围为杉木人工林分布的15个省份,数据来自第六次、第七次连清样地数据的树高调查表,总样本数为23 239个。选取18种基础生长方程作为候选模型,分别拟合各省区杉木平均木树高与胸径的关系,根据模型的决定系数(R2)、平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均预估误差(MPE),并结合模型残差分布图,确定各省区最优模型,同时采用5折法验证各省区最优模型的预测能力,最终决定各省区最优树高-胸径模型。[结果]15个省区的杉木最优树高-胸径模型并不相同,四川、云南、重庆、陕西、浙江、江西、湖南、广西的最优模型为模型18(Mitscherlich方程),江苏、安徽、河南和福建的最优模型为模型16(Hossfeld方程),广东、湖北、贵州的最优模型分别为模型10(双曲线方程)、模型11(Logistic方程)和模型13(Gompertz方程),R2分布在0.602~0.8...  相似文献   

5.
七姊妹山自然保护区黄杉年龄胸径树高的相关性研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
为深入探究林木的生长规律、更好地保护珍稀树种,对七姊妹山黄杉群落进行了调查。选用7种常见的回归模型对黄杉的胸径-年龄、树高-年龄、树高-胸径之间关系进行分析。结果显示:黄杉的胸径、树高与树龄成正相关,树高与胸径也成正相关,三次曲线模型可以很好地表达黄杉胸径-年龄和树高-年龄关系,表达式为:y=-0.0001x3+0.011x2+0.179x+4.44及z=0.00007x3-0.015x2+1.105x-10.81;幂函数z=1.778y0.659是描述黄杉树高-胸径关系的最优模型,并对其可靠性进行了检验,结果显示:实测值和预测值无显著差异(P0.05),表明所选的最优方程可以用来估算黄杉年龄、胸径和树高的值。本文可为该区域黄杉生长规律和预测林木蓄积量研究提供理论支撑。  相似文献   

6.
选取小兴安岭地区天然针阔混交林为样地,以红松、冷杉、云杉、水曲柳、枫桦、紫椴等6种主要优势树种为研究对象,分别进行树高和胸径、冠幅和胸径的相关性分析。通过SPSS 20.0软件将调查的数据代入备选的8个经典数学模型中进行回归分析,得到各方程的P值、决定系数R~2和相关参数,并采用总误差、平均误差、平均相对误差和均方根误差等验证拟合精度,最终选出最优的树木生长模型。结果表明:针叶树的树高和胸径、冠幅与胸径相关性显著,在树高-胸径模型中平均决定系数为0.809,在冠幅-胸径模型中平均决定系数为0.498。相对于针叶树来说,阔叶树树高和胸径、冠幅和胸径的相关性略差,其决定系数平均值分别为0.608,0.395。不同树种适应不同树木生长模型,在树高-胸径的相关性分析中,以幂函数、S函数模型居多,冠幅-胸径模型以三次多项式模型最为显著。  相似文献   

7.
树高曲线在林业生产中和林业实践中广泛应用。本文使用红松、华北落叶松和日本落叶松样本373组、499组和414组作为基础数据,分别选用10个树高曲线模型,计算各个模型的参数,并用R2、MD和RMSE对模型精度进行检验,结果表明模型(10)—唐守正方程能较好的模拟树高与胸径的关系,故选取其作为辽宁省东部山区主要针叶树种最优树高曲线。  相似文献   

8.
几种落叶松在鄂西生长比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对日本落叶松、华北落叶松、长白落叶松5年生、10年生和24年生3个年份的生长数据进行比较的结果表明,树高和胸径在树种之间的差异都十分显著,树种占胸径和树高变异因素的80%以上。种源之间除10年生时,种源之间无显著差异外,在第5年生和24年生时都存在极显著的差异,但是种源占胸径和树高变异的比例非常小,说明通过生长性状进行适生树种和优良种源的选择是非常重要的。胸径和树高这两个指标在树龄和树种之间都有显著的交互作用,随着树龄的增加树种之间的生长差越来越大,24年生时,日本落叶松的胸径和树高的生长分别是其他落叶松的2.07和1.86倍。日本落叶松树高和胸径这两个指标3个年份之间的遗传相关系数都非常高,接近1.0,因此开展日本落叶松的早期选择是可行的。  相似文献   

9.
沿坝地区华北落叶松胸径-树高生长模型的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
旨在研究沿坝地区华北落叶松胸径-树高的生长状况,以北沟林场不同林龄的华北落叶松纯林为研究对象,采用实地测量和解析的方法获取华北落叶松的胸径、树高实测数据,利用SPSS分别对不同模型进行拟合.经各项指标检验,初步筛选拟合精度较好的曲线模型H=1.929D0.734(R2=0.939)和H=1.462+1.025D-0.012D2(R2=0.927)。将检验样木代回两个模型回归检验,进行树高的残差分析,其散点分布均匀,证明了两个模型的可靠性。运用各项误差分析指标判断,最终确定华北落叶松在本地域最佳胸径-树高模型为:H=1.929D0.734。模型的建立为树高的测量提供了捷径,有利于森林资源的清查工作。  相似文献   

10.
论北京市一元立木材积表的数式化方法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
针对目前北京市森林资源连续清查所采用的一元立木材积表没有数式、应用不便的问题,提出了根据胸径、材积成对值及相应的二元材积式,建立内含树高-胸径回归模型的一元立木材积式的方法,并建立了北京市7个树种组的一元立木材积式,为森林资源连续清查的材积估计提供了方便。  相似文献   

11.
Tree height-diameter allometry, the link between tree height and trunk diameter, reflects the evolutionary response of a particular species’ allocation patterns to above and belowground resources. As a result, it differs among and within species due to both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. These phenotypic variations in tree height-diameter allometry determine tree productivity, resistance and resilience to climate variation and, ultimately, the success of plant material used in restoration projects. We tested the effect of climate change and population origin on the phenotypic variation of tree allometry in four pine species at an early stage of development (ca. 11 years old) based upon data originated from multi-site provenance tests and planted along a wide climatic range in south-western Europe. For a representative sample of populations from each species, we used already-developed species-specific height-diameter allometric models to assess changes in allometry between present and future climatic conditions. We found that Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinaster were the most plastic species, while Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra showed negligible plastic responses. In addition, our models stressed that pine tree height-diameter allometry will change and phenotypic variation could increase, except in P. sylvestris, under future environmental conditions. For some of the species, this might allow the selection of phenotypes better suited to novel climatic conditions. These foreseeable changes in tree height-diameter allometry (among and within-species) could entail eco-evolutionary effects on the early forest plantation dynamics. Therefore, restoration and reforestation plans should consider these effects, as they may interfere with production and/or environmental goals.  相似文献   

12.
使用不同权函数形式对带异方差的思茅松树高曲线方程进行加权回归,筛选出方程的最优权函数形式。根据前人的研究成果,文章提出非定式权函数理论,并以非定式权函数对不同异方差性的分组数据开展研究。结果证明,模型中异方差性的强弱可以用方差线性斜率表示,方程中异方差性的强弱会影响权函数的选择。  相似文献   

13.
Height-diameter models were developed for nine tree species common to the northeastern United States: Abies balsamea, Acer rubrum, Betula papyrifera, B. populifolia, Picea rubens, P. mariana, Pinus strobus, Populus tremuloides, and Tsuga canadensis. Stem heights and diameters were collected from 6 146 trees (between 136 and 2615 trees per species) on 50 plots within 10 structurally diverse stands that are part of a long-term silvicultural experiment in central Maine. The models were developed using both generalized nonlinear least squares (GNLS) and multi-level, mixed-effects approaches. Mixed-effects approaches were superior to GNLS, with inclusion of site covariates (tree density and basal area) accounting for some of the variability explained by the random coefficients in the full mixed-effect models. Analysis of plot-level parameter estimates suggested that differences in stand structure (even-aged vs. uneven-aged silvicultural practices) had a significant influence on the height-diameter relationships.  相似文献   

14.
Four equations were developed for predicting the probability of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) survival for the first (0–1) and first to third (1–3) growing seasons after applying mulching, scalping, or artificial shading (shade cards) treatments in plantations in southwestern Oregon, U.S.A. Variables describing conifer size, levels of competing vegetation, presence of silvicultural treatments, site factors, and climate factors were collected from 13 sites ranging from 0 to 6 years after planting and examined as potential predictors of survival. Age, stem diameter, a competition index for shrubs, severity of growing season at time of treatment, average annual precipitation, aspect, and slope angle were predictors of Douglas-fir survival during 0–1 and 1–3 growing seasons after treatment; the presence of silvicultural treatments was also a predictor only during the first growing season after treatment. Age, aspect, and slope angle were predictors of ponderosa pine survival over both 0–1 and 1–3 growing seasons after treatment; height-diameter ratio, competition indices for herbs, shrubs, and hardwoods, silvicultural treatment, severity of growing season at time of treatment, and average annual precipitation were also predictors only during the first growing season after treatment; crown width was a predictor of survival only during 1–3 growing seasons after treatment. When significant in the models, predicted probability of survival increases with treatments, less severe weather conditions, diameter, crown width, age, and precipitation; probability decreases with increasing height-diameter ratio and competition indices for herbs, shrubs, and hardwoods.  相似文献   

15.
论一元立木材积模型的研建方法   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
对建立一元立木材积模型的两种常规方法进行了深入分析,提出了以树高—胸径模型为基础的二阶回归估计方法。利用该方法既可以提高模型切合性能,又能有效控制模型的拟合误差,并以西藏自治区的四旁树一元立木材积模型为例进行了说明。  相似文献   

16.
以纳塔栎Quercus texana 1年生容器苗为研究对象,采用析因试验设计,研究不同控释肥加载量和容器规格对纳塔栎苗高和地径生长的影响,并提出优化育苗方案。结果表明,容器规格对纳塔栎苗高和地径生长均产生极显著影响(P <0.01),容器越大,苗高生量越大,地径越粗;控释肥不同加载量对纳塔栎地径生长和高径比的影响不明显,但对苗高生长影响极显著(P<0.01),在控释肥3.5kg·m^-3的加载量下,纳塔栎具有最大的高生长量和高径比;控释肥加载量和容器规格之间存在的交互作用对苗高生长和高径比产生了极显著影响(P<0.01),但对地径生长的影响不明显。综合不同容器规格和控释肥加载量的交互作用以及对育苗成本的考虑,结果发现,在使用18 cm×20 cm的容器和3.5 kg·m^-3控释肥加载量条件下,纳塔栎苗高生长最优,同时具有较好的地径生长。  相似文献   

17.

Key message

Tree heights in the central Congo Basin are overestimated using best-available height-diameter models. These errors are propagated into the estimation of aboveground biomass and canopy height, causing significant bias when used for calibration of remote sensing products in this region.

Context

Tree height-diameter models are important components of estimating aboveground biomass (AGB) and calibrating remote sensing products in tropical forests.

Aims

For a data-poor area of the central Congo Basin, we quantified height-diameter model performance of local, regional and pan-tropical models for their use in estimating AGB and canopy height.

Methods

At three old-growth forest sites, we assessed the bias introduced in height estimation by regional and pan-tropical height-diameter models. We developed an optimal local model with site-level randomizations accounted for by using a mixed-effects modeling approach. We quantified the error propagation of modeled heights for estimating AGB and canopy height.

Results

Regional and pan-tropical height-diameter models produced a significant overestimation in tree height, propagating into significant overestimations of AGB and Lorey’s height. The pan-tropical model accounting for climatic drivers performed better than the regional models. We present a local height-diameter model which produced nonsignificant errors for AGB and canopy height estimations at our study area.

Conclusion

The application of general models at our study area introduced bias in tree height estimations and the derived stand-level variables. Improved delimitation of regions in tropical Africa with similar forest structure is needed to produce models fit for calibrating remote sensing products.
  相似文献   

18.
自动调控树高曲线和一元立木材积模型*   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
吉林延边地区目前年用一元立木材积表的误差,主要来源于估计各径阶高的误差。本文以双曲线为例,介绍三种多元树高曲线模型;称为自动调控树高曲线。在测定小班(或样地)直径分布时,同时测定小班(或样地)的断面积平均高,由此计算树高曲线,进而得到相应的一元立木材积表。其首选自动调控树高曲线式:H=Hm.D/[D+(Hm/Hg-1)Dg]。此式导出的一元材积表,经验证与实测材积的误差比原地区一元材积表减少约50  相似文献   

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