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[目的]以元谋县为研究区,基于生态学、RS和GIS理论和方法,研究干热河谷林地利用及生态系统服务价值的变化特征,以期丰富干热河谷林地生态研究,为区域生态环境调控提供理论依据。[方法]以2008年Landsat 7ETM及2016年Landsat 8 OLI 2期遥感影像、国家基础地理信息系统及ASTER GDEM数字高程模型为数据源,利用ENVI和ArcGIS软件对2期遥感影像进行解译,获取林地土地利用数据,分析林地的时空特征;调整林地生态系统服务当量因子系数,计算单位面积农田食物生产功能价值及单位面积林地生态系统服务价值系数,分析林地生态系统静态价值特征及其变化;以支付能力指数、支付意愿指数和环境能力指数为参数构建林地生态系统服务动态价值调整系数,分析林地生态系统服务动态价值特征及其变化。[结果]林地主要分布在研究区南部和东部的中高山,在西部、西南部和北部及东部边缘的中高山有少许分布,在河谷坝区有零星分布;2008—2016年林地面积增长了64.24 hm~2,变化幅度达到11.42%;有90.53 km~2的林地转为非林地,有154.77 km~2非林地转为林地。林地向草地转移了73.61 km~2,草地向林地转移123.11 km~2;2016年研究区林地生态系统服务静态价值为14.97亿元,较2008年的13.44亿元提高了1.53亿元。2016年林地在研究区生态系统总静态价值的比例为56.41%,较2008年的51.73%提高了4.68%;2008年和2016年林地生态系统服务动态价值分别为4.758亿元和9.027亿元,仅为同期林地生态系统服务静态价值的35.40%和60.30%。[结论]研究区林地面积迅速增长,林地与非林地相互转换频繁,林地净增长明显;林地面积的增长提升了生态系统服务的静态价值。林地的单项生态系统服务价值中,土壤形成与保护、气体调节和生物多样性保护的价值最大,食物生产的价值最小;林地生态系统服务动态价值虽然远低于静态价值,但其变化幅度明显高于静态价值。高生态系统服务价值的林地对社会和环境调节能力的增长更为敏感。 相似文献
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对江宁区不同生态系统服务价值进行了跟踪研究,研究表明:湿地/水域对生态系统总服务价值的贡献率最高,林地次之,耕地则最少。其中林地对江宁区生态系统总服务价值的贡献率增幅最高,为6.28%;耕地的贡献率降幅最大,达到了8.24%;而湿地/水域的贡献率则变化甚微,仅增加1.96%。 相似文献
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为探讨人为干预下黄土高原清水河流域土地利用类型变化及其对生态系统服务的影响,以清水河流域1959,1986和2007年3个时期的土地利用类型为对象,对该流域的生态系统服务价值进行了研究,结果表明:三个时期清水河流域总面积的97%以上为林地、草地和农田;从1959—2007年土地利用表现为林地面积的增加,草地和农田面积的减少;3种生态系统的综合服务价值除废物处理和食物生产外,其他各项服务价值从1959—2007年均表现为递增,增幅由大到小依次为气体调节>原材料>水源涵养>生物多样性保护>土壤形成和保护>气候调节和娱乐文化。由此可见,在追求总生态服务价值的基础上,在该流域不能只追求林地面积的增加,在进行生态环境建设时应充分考虑当地的水资源和经济发展的需要。 相似文献
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根据马家河乡2005年和2010年的土地开发利用数据,采用Costanza提出的生态系统服务功能价值(ESV)计算方法,对其不同利用类型土地的森林生态系统服务功能及森林生态系统单项服务功能的价值进行评估。结果表明:马家河乡土地利用类型变化中,以林地、居住及建设用地等类型变化为主。其中,林地面积减少的最多,其所占国土总面积的比例减少幅度达到11.94%;其次为耕地面积,减少了3.02%;果园、草地水域的面积基本保持不变;而居住及建设用地增幅最大,达到了8.14%。马家河乡土地的森林生态系统的服务功能价值以林地价值减少最多,达到664.5元;果园价值减少459.77元;耕地价值减少188.97元;草地价值减少了64.39元;水域、居住及建设用地和未利用地的价值有不同程度的上升。马家河乡森林生态系统单项服务功能价值中除了森林游憩保健服务功能的价值有所上升,其余各项服务功能的价值均有不同程度地下降。 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(2-3):209-227
Summary With increasing opportunity costs of keeping land in forests because of increasing values for other land uses, such as for developed uses, forest ownership may become less attractive for some landowners and the return on investment less viable for both private and public landowners. This raises the question of what will become of the forests and the resources the forest supports, such as water and wildlife, if owners of the forests find it too costly to manage the forest. Land markets provide evidence on revealed behavior about what people are willing to actually pay for a bundle of rights necessary to gain access to land that can provide forest-based goods and services into perpetuity. However, owing to market failures and the nature of some forest land values, markets do not always reveal true forest land values, as discussed below. Allocation of land by use and cover types is a key determinant in sustainable forest management, with changes in land values providing important signals to land managers. Land valuation differs under market-oriented economies, emerging values in transition economies, and administered values in countries with command economies and is influenced by interactions between the environment and humans, including land ownership, use, and management. 相似文献
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林地使用权的相关问题探讨 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
林地使用权仅限于从林地所有权人处获得初始使用权,以及通过转让方式从原林地使用权人处获得的权利。林地使用权出租形成林地租赁权,不应纳入林地使用权的范畴。林地承包经营权则属于林地使用权中的一个类别。林地使用权的性质为用益物权,内容包括种植林木,利用林下资源从事采集、种植或养殖,以及森林景观开发等权利。 相似文献
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LI Zhongkui LI ZhiyongInstitute of Forestrv Policy Information Chinese Academy of Forestry. Beiiine. P.R. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2003,(4)
The current area of bamboo resource in China is 7.21 million ha, 4.21 million ha of which is the pure bamboo forest The stock value of the bamboo resource is 30.312 billion Renminbi (RMB) yuan, the present value of actual output from bamboo wood and shoot is 149.062 billion RMB yuan. The bamboo forest land is valuated as much as 8.133 billion RMB yuan. It is raised to improve the production and management conditions of the 2nd and 3rd type bamboo forests to raise production capacity of wood and shoot and output of processed products from bamboo. 相似文献
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Forest cover and land use change directly impact biological diversity worldwide, contribute to climate change and affect the
ability of biological systems to support human needs by altering ecosystem services. Given the forest land use characteristics
and ecosystem types in Luang Namtha Province, Lao PDR, the forest cover and land cover category of Luang Namtha Province were
divided into six classes, i.e., current forest (CF), potential forest (PF), other wooded areas (OW), permanent agricultural
land (PA), other non-forest areas (NF) and water (W). In first instance, earlier geographic information data (GIS data) of
forest cover and land use during 1992 and 2002 was obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Lao PDR.
Two steps of forest land use change assessment were conducted by the MAF, i.e., plot sampling on satellite image maps (SIMs)
to detect the changes of forest cover and land use during 1992 and 2002 for the entire Luang Namtha Province and field verification
in order to identify causes of the changes. Secondly, dynamic information of the forest land cover changes during this ten-year
period was calculated by means of map algebra in ArcGIS 9.2. Thirdly, based on the theory of ecosystem service functions and
the service function values of different global ecosystems, the value of the six forest cover and land use categories in the
province was obtained. Finally, ecological environmental effects, produced by the regional land cover changes over the study
period, were calculated. 相似文献
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以林地变更调查试点单位本溪县为例,通过分析辽宁省县级林地变更关键点,梳理林地变更试点工作流程,总结出一整套适用于辽宁省县级单位林地变更调查的工作方法,并进行总结。 相似文献