赤霉素多效唑及摘心对薄壳山核桃容器苗生长的影响

用不同浓度赤霉素和多效唑溶液分别喷施薄壳山核桃容器苗叶面;用不同浓度赤霉素溶液涂抹薄壳山核桃容器苗茎基部;在薄壳山核桃容器苗生长旺季初期分3个时期进行摘心试验。结果表明,叶面喷施不同浓度赤霉素溶液能显著促进薄壳山核桃容器苗的株高生长,但对增粗生长无显著影响。不同溶度赤霉素溶液涂抹薄壳山核桃容器苗茎基部、不同浓度多效唑溶液喷施薄壳山核桃容器苗叶面及不同时期摘心处理,都能显著促进薄壳山核桃的增粗生长。以600 mg/L的赤霉素溶液涂抹茎基部对苗木生长效果最好,以300 mg/L的多效唑溶液喷施叶面、6月18日摘心对苗木的增粗效果最佳。     

修剪和多效唑对四药门花矮化效应初探

通过对株形披散杂乱的四药门花进行修剪、喷施多效唑及修剪+喷施多效唑等3种处理方法对其株形优化效果影响的比较研究,结果表明:处理3个月后,喷施多效唑及修剪+喷施多效唑处理组的苗木平均净高增量、冠幅、节间长等指标均显著小于对照组,其株高降幅为74.8%~83.2%,冠幅降幅为22.8%~28.0%,节间长缩短49.7%~60.1%,其分枝数也较对照组多。与对照组比较,修剪处理仅对调控株高增长有显著影响。     

不同浓度多效唑对10种三角梅花期调控效果的影响

采用1 000倍液、800倍液、600倍液、400倍液和200倍液等5种浓度的多效唑对10种三角梅(Bougainvillea spp.)进行了喷施处理,研究多效唑对其开花及生理指标的影响。结果表明:喷施多效唑对三角梅初花期的时间呈先降低后升高的趋势,其中7个三角梅品种存在显著差异;喷施多效唑对三角梅品种的花量、盛花期时间、叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的促进作用均呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中5个品种在花量、6个品种在可溶性糖含量、8个品种在可溶性蛋白含量上有显著效果,而仅有1个品种在盛花期时间上部分浓度处理与对照存在显著差异。综合衡量,以喷施600倍液多效唑对三角梅花期调控的效果最好。     

沙荒地“大金星”山楂开花规律和生长调节剂对坐果率影响研究

为探讨沙荒地山楂栽培技术,我们开展沙荒地引种山楂"大金星"开花规律和生长调节剂对疏花疏果、坐果率影响的研究。结果表明:"大金星"山楂在干旱半干旱地区沙荒地栽培,整个花期9d,1天中开花时间为4:00—14:00,日开花高峰时间为10:00;在花期喷施10~40mg/L浓度的萘乙酸药液,可提高疏花的效果,其中喷施萘乙酸20mg/L药液疏花效果最好;在山楂盛花期喷施浓度为0.005%~0.012%的赤霉素药液,山楂的坐果率达到72.17%~76.42%,较对照高20.29%~24.54%;山楂单果平均质量较对照提高12.44%;果实在成熟期呈红色,对照的果实颜色呈暗红色。     

不同处理对盆栽两用桃开花的影响

为了考察基质种类,根的带土坨状况及喷施赤霉素的浓度对盆栽桃开花性状的影响,安排了3因素3水平的正交试验,结果表明基质种类对盆栽桃的开花物候期影响最大,根的带土坨状况对盆栽桃的花期和花径的影响最大。基质2、全带土坨及喷施100m g/L赤霉素为最优试验组合,能够提前开花,增长花期,增大花径。     

云南澳洲坚果开花节律调查及花期调控初探

以云南澳洲坚果种植区所栽品种为调查对象,采用计数法实地调查开花情况,并在云南省勐海县南糯山基地以品种‘O.C’为试验材料,在花芽分化前喷施6种植物生长调节剂,观测开花情况。结果表明：云南澳洲坚果各种植区正常盛花期为2—3月,大多数种植区存在不同程度的非正常花期开花现象,其中品种‘O.C’和‘HAES788’尤为明显,且高海拔种植区非正常花期开花现象更明显。喷施6种植物生长调节剂比较发现,多效唑类可显著促进澳洲坚果提前开花,赤霉素类抑花效果较好,其余处理对开花影响不显著。     

喷施植物激素对野生马樱杜鹃花期的影响

研究了在花芽发育初期和开花前期喷施外源激素对贵州百里杜鹃花区马缨杜鹃始花期、盛花期、末花期和开花数的影响。结果表明:在1月喷洒赤霉素和乙烯利比9月提前开花,并且以赤霉素的效果最佳;在1月或9月喷洒赤霉素与丁酰肼、2,4-D的组合,均可延长开花时间,但在1月喷施乙烯利与丁酰肼、2,4-D的组合则缩短开花时间;随着赤霉素和乙烯利浓度的增加,开花数逐渐增加。     

多效唑对大花蕙兰开花的影响

结合大花蕙兰生产实际需求,针对大花蕙兰产业化生产中遇到的花期不够集中、成花质量不高、花箭较短且不够整齐等具体问题,系统研究了施用时期、施用浓度,旨在探讨提高大花蕙兰开花品质的有效途径。结果表明:施用一定浓度的多效唑可以使大花蕙兰的花期提前,随着浓度的增加而花期相应提前;施用多效唑使植株高度明显降低,显著降低大花蕙兰叶片长度;多效唑使大花蕙兰的小花发育受到影响,经多效唑处理的植株200×10-6以上的浓度水平上小花败育显著;经多效唑处理的大花蕙兰叶片中的叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量增加。     

植物生长调节剂对药翦薯开花的影响

研究3种植物生长调节剂GA3（赤霉素）、KT（激动素）、PP333（多效唑）对蒟蒻薯Tacca chantrieri花序的发育及开花的影响。150mg／L及100mg／L的GA3、100mg／L及50mg／L的KT和150mg／L的GA3和KT混合溶液,与对照比较使花期分别提前5d、9d、15d、4d与2d,花茎明显增长。500mg／LPP333处理,花期提前4d。高浓度的生长调节剂（300mg／L、500mg／L和600mg／L）使花序畸形。     

八仙花组培苗促成栽培

研究应用多效唑调控八仙花2年生组培苗的生长发育,以及利用兰州地区的自然环境条件,在户外自然低温条件下打破花芽休眠,以期将八仙花的花期提前到春节前后。结果表明:7月中旬以质量浓度100~150 m g/L的多效唑溶液对八仙花组织培养苗进行叶面喷施,对其营养生长抑制作用强,有利于其花芽分化。同年11月1日至10日将经过40 d户外自然低温(0~8℃)处理的试验苗移入节能日光温室开始催花,催花起初温度为10℃,以后逐渐升温至25℃左右,春节前正好开花,开花率达到100%,株型美观、花色艳丽,促成栽培效果好且成本低。     

叶面喷施多效唑对盆栽风信子生长与开花的影响

以风信子品种‘蓝夹克’为供试材料研究了叶面喷施不同浓度的多效唑(PP333)对风信子生长和开花的影响,研究结果表明叶面喷施100 mg/L的PP333延缓‘蓝夹克’的生长,使植株适量矮化、叶面积适度减小,植株更紧凑;与对照相比,叶片厚度增加了5.8%,小花直径增加了2.8%,种球质量增加了5.3%。同时提高了植株叶片的叶绿素含量,将现蕾时间推迟4天,并使花期延长4天,总体上提高了‘蓝夹克’的观赏价值。叶面喷施300 mg/L的PP333因浓度较高,表现出一定的抑制作用。     

Effects of induction treatments on flowering in Populus deltoides

Stimulation of early flowering is required to shorten breeding cycles of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. var. deltoides), a commercially important and fast-growing hardwood species. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the influence of various treatments on flowering in rooted cuttings from mature and juvenile trees. A combined treatment of water stress, root pruning and paclobutrazol was applied to 3-month-old rooted cuttings from mature trees. These cuttings had been subjected to root restriction and long days. All treated plants flowered, whereas no untreated plants formed flower buds. One-year-old rooted cuttings from juvenile trees did not flower when treated with either paclobutrazol, paclobutrazol plus water stress, paclobutrazol plus root pruning, or paclobutrazol plus girdling. This was true both under continuous or periodic growth. Assessment of the lack of flowering in juvenile trees may require an integrated approach that investigates environmental or physiological stimuli, assimilate shift, gibberellic acid type and concentration, and flowering-time gene activity in the new shoots of mature and juvenile cottonwood trees.     

不同浓度钾对金盏菊生长发育的影响

为了给金盏菊的规模化无土栽培的提供参考依据,采用日本园式营养液配方,探讨不同浓度钾对金盏菊生长发育的影响,对金盏菊植株叶片数,株高,茎粗,鲜重,干物质物质重量和开花情况进行了分析。结果表明,营养液中钾浓度为４００ｍｇ／Ｌ时,最适宜金盏菊的生长发育,金盏菊生长对缺钾比较敏感,但对高浓度钾不太敏感。     

Floral induction in Eucalyptus nitens

Eucalyptus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden takes at least five years to initiate flower buds from seed and is an infrequent and light flowerer. Because this behavior constitutes a major impediment to breeding programs, we examined the mechanisms controlling floral induction in E. nitens, with the long-term aim of reducing generation time and increasing seed yield. Application of paclobutrazol reduced the concentration of endogenous gibberellic acid (GA) in apical tissue and enhanced the reproductive activity of grafted trees maintained outside over winter in Canberra, Australia. Grafts maintained in a warm greenhouse over winter did not produce flower buds, despite the paclobutrazol-induced reduction in GA concentration of the apical tissue. Exposing untreated grafts, which had been maintained over winter in a warm greenhouse, to low temperature the following spring reduced growth but did not induce flower bud production. Addition of GA(3) to paclobutrazol-treated grafts reduced the effect of paclobutrazol on reproductive activity.     

Flavonol glycosides from the flowers of Bellis perennis.

Three flavonol glycosides, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-(6"-acetyl)-galactopyranoside and kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated from the flowers of Bellis perennis.     

Assumption of Phyto-Hormone Regulation and Gene Activation of Phyllostachys praecox Flowering

By determination of the change of endogenous hormone Zr, iPA, GA3, IAA and ABA during different flower bud differentiation stages of Phyllostachys praecox, which is identified through both field observation and lab analysis, and with the reference to the previous research achievements on bamboo flowering, the flowering mechanism assumption of Phyto-Hormone Regulation and Gene Activation of Ph. praecox is induced in this article： Bamboo flower bud differentiation can be divided into 3 stages, i.e. flower bud induction, flower bud initiation and flower bud development; Bamboo leaves sense and receive flowering signals from environments to change its hormone level, esp. ratios of iPA/ABA and iPA/GA3; Flowering gene is activated once the ratios of iPA/ABA and iPA/GA3 reach a proper threshold, and it produces DNA and RNA carrying flowering code and transports them to top or side buds nearby, and then protein necessary for flower bud differentiation comes out, as a result of which the flower bud induction is trigged and started, followed by flower bud initiation and development. In the induction stage, ratio of C/N is nearly constant, but increases in the initiation stage. Therefore it clarifies that the rising of C/N ratio does not bring about bamboo flowering initially, and it is a follow-up reactions of process initiation of bamboo flowering. It proves that bamboo rhizome is directly involved in the flower bud differentiation. This assumption can well explain mysterious phenomena of bamboo flowering, and by integrating the current several assumptions, answer the difficult and perplexing questions regarding bamboo flowering which have not been answered by the present assumptions.     

外源GA3对油茶花器官内源激素与坐果率的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度外源GA3对油茶开花过程中花器官内源激素及坐果率的影响,分析油茶花器官内源激素与坐果率的相关性,探究促进油茶坐果的最佳外源GA3浓度,为油茶高产栽培和科学管理提供技术依据。[方法]以9年生‘长林4号’油茶为试验材料,采用单因素试验设计,对植株叶面分别喷施100、200、300、400、500mg·L^-1外源GA3,以喷施清水为对照(CK),分析不同浓度外源GA3对油茶花器官内源激素及坐果率的影响。[结果]研究表明:在试验水平范围内,喷施低浓度外源GA3有利于提高油茶坐果率,最佳喷施浓度为66.69mg·L^-1喷施低浓度的外源GA3使油茶雌蕊内源ABA含量降低,雄蕊ABA含量先升高后降低;雌雄蕊ZR、GA3含量升高,雌雄蕊IAA含量先降低后升髙;初萎时期雌蕊ABA与坐果率呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。[结论]在试验水平范围内,提高油茶坐果率的外源GA3最佳喷施浓度为66.69 mg·L^-1,喷施低浓度外源GA3可能通过调节油茶花器官内源ZR、IAA、ABA、GA3含量来影响其ABA含量,进而影响油茶坐果率。     

叶面喷肥对金盏菊生长发育的影响

选用不同浓度的KH2PO4分别对盆栽金盏菊进行了叶面喷肥试验。结果表明：2‰KH2PO4不仅可促进金盏菊幼苗生长，还可提旱花期，提高花的产量及品质，增加叶绿素含量，能满足金盏菊生长对养分的长期需求，即磷钾肥更适于盆栽金盏菊的生长发育。     

赤霉素(GA3)对八仙花花期及开花品质的影响

以八仙花为试验材料,研究了不同时间,不同浓度的赤霉素对八仙花的始花期、花径、开花数、枝长等的影响,结果表明:GA3可促进八仙花开花,浓度高开花早,可提前1-3天;250mg/L GA3明显增大八仙花花径,与对照比达到极显著水平;随着GA3浓度增加,八仙花的开花数和小花数都增加;不同时期对八仙花进行处理,也对八仙花提早开花有一定影响。对春、夏梢八仙花花期研究表明,夏梢八仙花观赏品质优于春梢八仙花,且夏梢八仙花种植周期短,更加经济,更利于广泛栽培。     

Preparative purification of the major anti-inflammatory triterpenoid esters from Marigold (Calendula officinalis)

A method for the efficient preparative purification of faradiol 3-O-laurate, palmitate and myristate, the major anti-inflammatory triterpenoid esters in the flower heads of the medicinal plant Calendula officinalis has been developed. Gram quantities of the individual compounds were obtained with 96 to 98% purity by a combination of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), normal-phase and reversed-phase column chromatography. During the work-up of the faradiol esters, accompanying minor compounds of the triterpene ester fraction were purified and identified by spectroscopic means as maniladiol 3-O-laurate and myristate.