湿地松、火炬松优良家系选择

对引进美国的湿地松（Pinus elliottii）、火炬松（P．taeda）的生长状况，与当地马尾松（P．massoni-ana）进行比较分析。4年试验结果表明：在广西北部丘陵地，火炬松生长表现良好，树高、胸径、单株材积显著大于马尾松、湿地松；试验所研究10个火炬松家系、1O个湿地松家系生长量，树高、胸径、单株材积生长差异明显；马尾松4年生时，采用种子园种子，轻基质育苗，造林施基肥，生长量与采用母树林种子，黄泥土育苗，不施基肥，树高、胸径、单株材积生长量分别提高了8．6％、19．7％和55．5％。     

17.8 a生澳大利亚湿加松在桂中的生长表现*

为了解澳大利亚湿加松(Pinus elliottii×P. caribaea)在广西中部引种的生长表现，在桂中地区的三门江林场对澳大利亚湿加松(P. elliottii×P. caribaea)与马尾松（P.massoniana）、加勒比松（P.caribaea）、湿地松（P. elliottii）进行造林对比试验，对其生长量、产脂量进行测定，试验结果表明：17.8a生时各树种的生长量为马尾松＞湿加松＞加勒比松＞湿地松；在松脂产量方面，湿加松＞加勒比松＞湿地松＞马尾松。湿加松早期生长快于其他树种，6.3 a生之后马尾松的生长量超过其它树种，17.8 a生时马尾松生长量显著高于湿加松、加勒比松和湿地松。从生长量和产脂量两个指标综合考虑，湿加松可作为脂材两用林进行培育。     

彰武松幼苗生长状况报告

彰武松幼苗生长状况报告张树杰，罗建华（北票市林业局１２２１００）发现培育新物种是人类发展的重要举措，而研究它的特性、生长规律对充分利用和发展显得更为重要。彰武松（ＰｉｎｕｓｄｅｎｓｉｆｌｏｒａＳｉｅｂ．ｅｔＺｕｃｅ．ｖａｒ．ｚｈａｎｇｗｕｅｎｓｉｓＺ...     

华山松疱锈病综合防治技术研究

防治华山松疱锈病ＧｒｏｎａｒｔｉｕｍｆｌａｃｉｄｕｍＷｉｎｔ．用松焦油、２％粉锈宁、０．５％多菌灵硫磺胶悬剂及柴油原液涂抹锈子器病斑，治愈率可达１００％，刀砍或钉刺法较之钢刷法施药效果提高１６％（０．５％多硫胶悬剂）～３３．３％（２％粉锈宁）。修枝的平均防效为６９．６％，修枝、卫生伐与清除转主寄主的综防效果为７５．３％。对５１２．７ｈｍ２华山松中幼林实施各种营林措施和化学防治的当年综防效果达１００％，并使２０年生林分的平均生产量增加３．３７５ｍ３／ｈｍ２年，１５年生林分的生长量增加４．２７５～１０．１２５ｍ３／ｈｍ２年。     

火炬松,湿地松,短叶轮,晚松在宝应京杭大运河堤引种研究

在我国暖温带宝应运河堤碱性土壤上引种火炬松，湿地松，短叶松和晚松，９年生时全部进入速生期，１３年生平均树高１２．３１ｍ（火炬松）～１０．２２ｍ（晚松），胸径１８．７０ｃｍ（火炬松）～１２．６３ｃｍ（晚松），均超过了南方引种试验林标准。高、径年生长节律亦与亚热带地区相似。不同树种生长差异极显著，火炬松＞湿地松（美国佐治亚源）＞湿地松（广东台山种源）＞短叶松＞晚松。保存率都很高，但在不同树种间差异不显     

国外松采脂试验初报

１７年生松类林木的采脂试验表明，湿地松的松脂产量为马尾松的２．４７倍，大炬松为马尾松的１．２２倍。通过施用增脂剂，湿地松增加松脂产量３７．８％，火炬松增加４４．４％，马尾松增加２３．５％。     

南华松叶蜂的发生与防治

南华松叶蜂（Diprion nanhuaensis Xiao）属膜翅目、叶蜂总科、松叶蜂科。主要是以幼虫取食针叶，一头幼虫一生可取食针叶700cm左右，危害云南松、华山松、马尾松。通过10多年的观察与防治试验研究，基本摸清了南华松叶蜂的生活史、生物学特性、发生规律及综合防治技术．为南华松叶蜂的防治提供了科学依据。     

不同松类树种生长效益比较研究

以10年生马尾松（Pinus masoniana）、杂交松（Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea）和湿地松（Pinus elliottii）人工林为研究对象进行了生长、效益对比试验,结果表明：在相同试验条件下,马尾松林分平均树高、平均胸径、单株材积、林分蓄积量、出材量和产值等指标均高于杂交松和湿地松,林...     

马尾松种子园投资结构研究

马尾松种子园投资结构研究ＩｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｉｎＰｉｎｕｓＭａｓｓｏｎｉａｎａｓｅｅｄｏｒｃｈｕｒｄ￥／／高振华，马天乐，王章荣，陈天华，徐立安（南京林业大学南京市２１００３７）１前言马尾松为我国南方特有的用材树种，它生长快、适应性...     

澳大利亚杂交松在桂北引种栽培试验

对桂北黄冕林场引种的澳大利亚杂交松（Pinus elliottii×Pcaribaea）试验林的生长性状及产脂情况进行调查,并与同龄的马尾松、湿地松及加勒比松进行生长性状及产脂量的比较。结果表明：在相同立地条件、造林方式和抚育管理条件下,杂交松的生长性状优于马尾松、湿地松和加勒比松;在产脂量上,湿地松产脂量最高,其次为...     

Resistance of improved Pinus monticola and some other white pines to the blister rust fungus,Cronartium ribicola,of Hokkaido,Japan

Resistant progenies of Pinus monticola, improved in the northwestern USA, and Asian and European white pines were inoculated with the blister rust fungus, Cronartium ribicola, of Hokkaido. No resistance was observed in P. monticola but the other pines remained healthy. This shows that the resistance of white pines to the blister rust fungus is limited to a particular pathogenic race and a different race of the rust fungus exists in Hokkaido.     

The impact of cronartium flaccidum on the growth of pinus sylvestris

The blister rust of two‐needle pines in Europe is caused by the rust fungus, Cronartium flaccidum (Alb. Schw.) Wint. There are two races of the fungus: One host‐alternating and another pine‐to‐pine race. The latter race is considered to be more common in northern Sweden. The impact of this rust on growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was investigated in three selected stands in northern Sweden. Radial stem increment was reduced 40–70% by severe attacks and 20–40% by minor attacks. The reduction of stem volume growth was probably greater. The faster growing trees seemd to be more severely attacked. Trees growing on poor soils appeared to lose almost as much growth capacity from a minor attack as from a severe attack.     

茶藨生柱锈菌致病性分化的初步研究

采用交互接种的方法对华山松疱锈病、红松疱锈病的病原菌茶藨生柱锈菌的致病性分化进行了研究。结果表明:(1)红松疱锈病的病原菌锈孢子只能侵染其本地的转主寄主植物东北茶藨子;(2)华山松疱锈病的病原菌锈孢子能转主侵染多种不同地区的茶藨子植物;(3)所有华山松疱锈病病原菌的锈孢子均不能转主侵染东北茶藨子;(4)初步认定马先蒿属植物不是华山松疱锈病病原菌的转主寄主。     

Proactive intervention to sustain high-elevation pine ecosystems threatened by white pine blister rust

Only recently have efforts begun to address how management might prepare currently healthy forests to affect the outcome of invasion by established non-native pests. Cronartium ribicola, the fungus that causes the disease white pine blister rust (WPBR), is among the introductions into North America where containment and eradication have failed; the disease continues to spread. Ecosystem function is impaired by high rust-caused mortality in mature five-needle white pine forests. This paper evaluates five proactive management options to mitigate the development of impacts caused by white pine blister rust in threatened remote high-elevation five-needle pine ecosystems of western North America. They are: reducing pest populations; managing forest composition; improving host vigor; introducing resistant stock with artificial regeneration; and diversifying age class structure to affect the natural selection process for resistance. Proactive intervention to manage and facilitate evolutionary change in the host species may sustain host populations and ecosystem function during pathogen naturalization.     

Spread of Forest Pests and Pathogens in the Northern Hemisphere

There are four main forest regions in the northern hemisphere,each containing many of the same genera of trees. An organism(insect, fungus etc.) living in balanced relationship with itshost tree in one of these forest regions may cause major damageif moved to another. Examples of pest and disease problems analysedinclude Chestnut blight, White pine blister rust, Gypsy moth,Balsam woolly aphid, Dutch elm disease, Pine wilt disease andBeech bark disease.     

Relationship between vigour and susceptibility of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra) to blister rust (Cronartium flaccidum)

In a 13-year-old plantation of Austrian pine no apparent relationship between vegetative vigour expressed as height and as stem circumference, and susceptibility to blister rust due to Cronartium flaccidum was found. Under conditions which favour the development of the disease, it is possible to select vigorous and blister rust resistant Austrian pines.     

Relative susceptibility to blister rust caused by Cronartium flaccidum of several species of pine

At Florence, Italy, several species of pine were experimentally infected with blister rust. Inoculations were carried out on 3 and 15 months-old seedlings. After antificial and natural inoculation, Brutia, Aleppo, Austrian, Swiss mountain, Maritime and Italian stone pine showed pyenia and aecia. Spotted seedlings of Ponderosa pine showed only mycelium of C. flaccidum in needle and stem tissues. The exotic species seemed to have a very high degree of resistance to blister rust.     

华山松疱锈病发生与林分因子关系的研究

在云南巧家县和东川区二二二林场华山松疱锈病发病高峰期，通过典型抽样调查，经数据处理后得出影响华山松疱锈病发生的主导林分因子，在巧家县为：林木长势，林内卫生状况，样地内松树密度，郁闭度；在东川二二二林场为：林木长势，坡位，郁闭度，两地病害发生的主导林分因子有一定的差异，为两地采用针对性的林业技术防治措施，可持续控制病害提供了依据。     

DNA分子标记在华山松疱锈病研究中的应用现状及前景

主要介绍华山松疱锈病的危害情况及目前的研究水平.分析现有的DNA分子标记应用特征及其在松属植物研究中的应用,提出采用DNA分子标记辅助筛选华山松疱锈病抗性基因,利用抗病基因来控制华山松疱锈病危害的思路.     

STUDY ON SPECIES DIVERSITY OF RUST FUNGUS IN FIVE FOREST TYPES

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